• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.347-382
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• 2003

The paper presents available options that Korea can adopt in an effort to promote eco-industrial development in a near future. What is missing and the reasons why Korea is behind the other countries in the area are: 1) Lack of holistic view and the integrated approach toward economy and environment in policy implementation, 2) Lack of understanding, among entrepreneurs, of the concept of productivity per input resource, and the fact that not only labor and capital productivity but also the total productivity enhancement is vital for industry's competitive edge; There has been no driving force in the market to develop economies of system integration to turn industrial wastes to valuable input resources, 3) Unsupportive regulatory system regarding the trade of by products, and 4) Lack of financing and incentive mechanism. 5) Lack of information forum. Regulatory reform should be taken for the direction that in effect increase the price of disposal and motivate firms to seek symbiotic relationship with other firms, and facilitate trade by-product between firms. Financing and incentive mechanism should be introduced in order for the industry to find easy access to the opportunities for organizing the network to transform wastes in negative value to the value added resources. Also information network should be established to provide a market for by-product exchange and public education to improve industry's environmental performance.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.363-378
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• 2007

A green market for a product refers to the market where the more willingness to pay for the product consumers have, the greener is the product. As the green markets begin to spread out, researches have been carried out mostly on the effects of various environmental policy measures such as unit emission standard, environmental taxes as they are applied in the green markets. This paper focus on a different issue in the green markets, that is, the effects of the greener market on pollution emission. We consider two kinds of markets, which are fully or partially covered. In the fully covered market where the products sold are necessities such that all consumers purchase the product, as the market gets greener, the amount of pollution emission decreases. On the other hand, in the partiaily covered market, it is shown that the amount of pollution emission could increase as the market becomes greener. This critically depends on whether the total output decreases or increases as the market turns greener.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.719-725
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• 2019

This study examined the relative importance and the effective utility of fermented milk by consumers. The questionnaire was developed by an in-depth interview and literature review and was surveyed on-line. Statistical analysis was carried out descriptive analysis, ANOVA, paired t-test, and conjoint analysis using the SPSS package. First, an analysis of the consumption status of fermented milk found that the consumption frequency was 1-2 times/week (36.2%), 3-4 times/week (26.5%). The product choice attributes of fermented milk were found to be the same with 'taste' (3.93) and 'manufacturing date/expired date' (3.92), rated the highest, followed in order by, 'sanitary quality' (3.82), 'origin of ingredient' (3.81). Comparative analysis of the importance and satisfaction level of the choice attributes of fermented milk showed that the choice attributes with lower satisfaction compared to importance were 'taste', 'nutrients', 'manufacturing data/expired date', 'sanitation quality', 'price', 'manufacturing method' and 'certification of quality' (p<0.001, p<0.01). 'Price' and 'certification of quality' were the choice attributes of fermented milk classified as 'Focus Here' because of its high importance and low satisfaction. The preferred combination of relative importance in choice attributes of the fermented milk was 'domestic resource', 'Eat with spoon', and 'none additives'. Therefore, it is believed that sales will increase if dairy companies can improve the 'price' and 'certification of quality'. In addition, the use of domestic ingredients in the development of new fermented milk products in the future could be an important marketing factor in consumer choice.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.531-536
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• 2007

The review is to introduce newly developed papermaking additives that has been applied to obtain a optimized papermaking production processes through paper quality and productivity improvements in recent years and near future. Not only the introduction of newly developed papermaking additives, but also the discussion on their application principles, methods, controls, inspections, and future development direction has been presented in the paper. The development of papermaking technology has focused on papermaking productivity, paper quality, and production effectiveness improvement through the optimization of the already developed technologies. It is thus concluded that even if noticeable innovative changes has not been in an area of papermaking additives, the development of several important papermaking additives in a technical aspect has been reported and improved the control and management of the papermaking system based on the development.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.141-147
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• 2012

Biogenic amines have been used as chemical indicators to estimate bacterial spoilage of foods, particularly fish and fish products, cheese, and fermented foods. So far many chromatography methods have been developed to detect biogenic amines in foods. Although these instrumental analyses exhibit good sensitivity, they cannot be used as rapid detection methods due to the chemical treatment of the samples and the time-consuming process involved. For the rapid and simple detection of biogenic amines, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay kits are commercially available. In addition, analytical systems with enzyme-based amperometric biosensor detection have been increasingly developed. The biosensors used to detect the biogenic amines are based on the action of either amine oxidases or amine dehydrogenases that catalyzes the oxidative deamination of biogenic amines to the corresponding aldehydes and ammonia. This review mainly focused on the principle, development, and applications of the detection methods for rapid detection of biogenic amines in foods.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.81-94
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• 2018

This review discusses the characteristics of major lignans and related studies and provides a basis for future studies. Lignans are present in various food products consumed daily, such as flaxseed and other seeds, vegetables, fruits, and beverages including coffee, tea, and wine. Lignans are natural phytoestrogens with a structure similar to that of secoisolariciresinol (Seco), mataireinol (Mat), pinoresinol (Pin), medioresinol (Med), lariciresinol (Lari), and syringaresinol, which is then converted to enterodiol (END) and enterolactone (ENL), which are mammalian lignans and the primary biologically active enterolignans, by the intestinal microflora. The associations between lignans and a decreased risk of cardiovascular disease are promising; however, they are not yet well-established, probably owing to low lignan intake in habitual Western diets. Nonetheless, these associations were more prominent at the higher doses in interventional studies. Many studies on humans and animals have reported the benefits of lignan consumption in protecting against CVD and metabolic syndrome by reducing lipid and glucose concentrations. END and ENL reportedly exert protective effects including phytoestrogenic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects through various mechanisms. Moreover, lignans reportedly exert beneficial effects in breast, colon, and prostate cancer and osteoporosis have reported that. However, future studies are required to confirm the association between lignan and disease.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.75-95
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• 2012

BACKGROUND: Increase of heavy metals in agricultural ecosystem has become a social issue nationwide as it is related to public health. This review was performed to find out more systematic and integrated future researches on heavy metals using up to date articles published in the Korean journals related to agricultural environment. METHODS AND RESULTS: Researches on heavy metals in agricultural soils and plant uptake were categorized by the establishment of criteria, analytical methods, monitoring, management of source, characteristics and behavior in soil, plant uptake, bioavailability affecting physico -chemical properties in soil, risk assessment and soil remediation. In the early 1990s, the monitoring for heavy metals in soil has been widely performed. Accumulation of heavy metals in contaminated soil and availability to plants has also attracted interests to study the soil remediation using various physico-chemical methods. The phytoavailability and phytotoxicity of heavy metals have been mainly studied to assess the safety of agro-products using risk assessment techniques in the 2000s. CONCLUSION: Future direction of research on heavy metal in agricultural environment must be carried out by ensuring food safety and sustainability. A steady survey and proper management for polluted regions should be continued. Law and regulation must be modified systematically. Furthermore, studies should expand on mitigation of heavy metal uptake by crops and remediation of polluted fields.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.77-87
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• 2009

To understand molecular and cellular mechanisms of many gene products in the female reproductive organs including the ovary and uterine endometrium as well as during embryo development, researchers have developed and utilized many effective methodologies to analyze gene expression in cells, tissues and animals over the last several decades. For example, blotting techniques have helped to understand molecular functions at DNA, RNA and protein levels, and the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method has been widely used in gene expression analysis. However, some conventional methods are not sufficient to understand regulation and function of genes expressed in very complex patterns in many organs. Thus, it is required to adopt more high-throughput and reliable techniques. Here, we describe several techniques used widely recently to analyze gene expression, including annealing control based-PCR, differential display-PCR, expressed sequence tag, suppression subtractive hybridization and microarray techniques. Use of these techniques will help to analyze expression pattern of many genes from small scale to large scale and to compare expression patterns of genes in one sample to another. In this review, we described principles of these methodologies and summarized examples of comparative analysis of gene expression in female reproductive organs with help of those methodologies.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.160-183
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• 2012

Objectives: Coptidis Rhizoma is one of the most popular and multi-purpose herbs in traditional medicine. The purpose of this study was to contribute to research and applications of Coptidis Rhizoma in clinic, by analyzing and reviewing international studies on its chemical compositions and pharmacological effects. Methods: This study analyzed 344 articles published from 2000 to 2010 in PubMed, Refworks, Riss, and KTKP. The search keywords were "Coptis chinensis", "Coptis japonica", "Coptidis Rhizoma", "huanglian" and "huanglian in Chinese". From them, we selected 114 articles which met our inclusion criteria. Results: This study reviewed 114 articles on Coptidis Rhizoma and its active components in terms of 'Active components', 'Experimental studies', 'Clinical studies', 'Industrial use' and 'Side Effects/Toxicity'. Conclusions: The active components of Coptidis Rhizoma are berberine, coptisine, epiberberine, palmatine, jateorrhizine, magnoflorine, worenine, etc. It is reported that Coptidis Rhizoma and its active components have anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antitumor, and antioxidant activity, and cardiovascular, hepatoprotective, antidiabetic, neuroprotective, gastrointestinal, pain relieving, discharge phlegm and metrocyte proliferation effects. Moreover, we found that Coptidis Rhizoma can be used for bath preparation, cosmetic products and as a natural antimicrobial substance.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• autumn
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• pp.88-95
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• 2001

To convert the construction industry from 'the high cost, the low efficiency' to 'the low cost, the high efficiency and value-added industry' and to enhance the performance and quality of products while reducing the cost, the related law and guideline were established and promulgated, which regulate that value engineering workshop during the preliminary design and the detail design stage should be a mandatory process. But VE practitioners are still confusing in choosing the proper value engineering process, because processes those are described in the various references use the different terms, steps and activities, even though they have their own specific characteristics. To resolve these confusions, the existing steps and activities of three kinds of the literature, four kinds of the organization's policy and other four kinds of study examples relating to the design VE were examined. And then, the differences and expecting problems were extracted through the comparison and analysis of those materials. After that, VE specialists' opinion through the questionnaire survey were grasped. Based on those studies the improved design VE Job Plan and activity statements were suggested.