• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.69-95
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• 1999

Internet EC accomplish to simply electronic business from all process integration of production, marketing and customer service. Also customers gain to goods information by one-line product reference, order, product information exchange and negotiate to low cost for high quality goods. Therefore, Purpose of this study is to introduce the building method of efficient EC, helping understand EC, and analysing its present state in the Korean enterprises and efficiency on international trade information.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 1995.10a
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• pp.707-710
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• 1995

Structure of product, which is not considered by easy of assembly, has many hidden costs. For reduction of hidden costs, concepts of line balancing and assembly-oriented design are used. We find that part of structure can be improved by concept of line balancing. To reduce assembly time and enhance easy of assembly, design principles are developed by concept of assembly-oriented design. And design principles for improvement are applied according to condition of the grasped parts of product structure. Thersfore, we could design assembly-oriented design for better structure and low cost.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.91-108
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• 1996

The major purpose of this study was to find the influencing factors in explaining search patterns of product attributes in formation and to find if significant differences exist in search outcomes by search patterns. The data for this study were collected in a survey and the final sample consisted of 327 respondents purchased refrigerator 340 purchased bed. The important findings of this study are as follows: First the variables related to search cost-benefit play an important role in identifying search patterns for each of product attributers. The findings of this study provide some implications regarding consumer education programs and consumer information providing policies.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2006.11b
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• pp.1418-1422
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• 2006

The project of advanced urban transit system development is developing the advanced vehicle and the core technologies for the cost down by system change, the transport safety and the environmental friendliness and the improvement of passenger service. The product data management system is installed for management of each project. Various data and informations producted from each project are made for database. Therefore, we develop the product data management system.

• Journal of Distribution Research
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.143-174
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• 1997

The model applied in this paper is based on the theory of economic order quantity (EOQ). EOQ model is introduced to explain the improvement of the transaction efficiency through the cooperative purchase. We examine explicitly how horizontal cooperation affects vertical transactions. A result of the analysis is that a seller can prefer transacting with a cooperative rather than with each buyer separately, even if he reduces the selling price of the product. Without increasing the demand for the product, this result is that dealing with a cooperative, rather than separately with each buyer, decreases the transaction cost for the seller-buyers system, the cost reduction more than off-setting the effect of price decrease on the sellers profit. For a coopative consisting of any number of buyers, Pareto efficient ordering policies that maximize the joint cost saving for the seller-buyers system are identified. We then discuss the conditions under which a cooperative under consideration can be modified to increase efficiency gain. Next, we relax the assumption that all buyers participate in a single cooperative and examine the issue of how many cooperatives, each consisting of a subset of the buyers, should be formed to maximize the total cost saving for the seller-buyers system. Finally, the issue of shapley value to divide the cooperatives gain among its members is discussed.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.70-78
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• 2020

Under the situation which customer orders are cancelled unless all products in the order are delivered all at once, this paper concentrates on the purchase dependent demands and explores the systematic approach to implant the purchase dependence into the multi-product inventory model. First, by acknowledging that it is a challenging task to formulate a suitable inventory model for the purchase dependence, we derive the optimal solution condition using an EOQ model and extend the optimal solution condition to periodic review models. Then, through the comparison simulation of four inventory policies regarding several degrees of purchase dependence, we demonstrate that the inventory models which consider the purchase dependence generate less total cost than the inventory models which ignore the purchase dependence. In general, the inventory models which consider the purchase dependence reduce the loss of sales by maintaining more inventories, which results in reducing the total cost. Consequently, the simulation result supports the effectiveness of this paper's approach. In addition, this paper uses the individual order period and joint order period obtained from the EOQ model for the multi-product inventory model. Through the in-depth analysis of comparing the two models, we observe that the model of using the joint order period produces less total cost when the degree of purchase dependence is high, but the model of using the individual order period produces less total cost when the degree of purchase dependence is low.

• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.374-384
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• 2016

The efficiency of a supply chain can be extremely affected by its design which includes determining the flow pattern of material from suppliers to costumers, selecting the suppliers, and defining the opened facilities in network. In this paper, a multi-objective multi-echelon multi-product supply chain design model is proposed in which several suppliers, several manufacturers, several distribution centers as different stages of supply chain cooperate with each other to satisfy various costumers' demands. The multi-objectives of this model which considered simultaneously are 1-minimize the total cost of supply chain including production cost, transportation cost, shortage cost, and costs of opening a facility, 2-minimize the transportation time from suppliers to costumers, and 3-maximize the service level of the system by minimizing the maximum level of shortages. To configure this model a graph theoretic approach is used by considering channels among each two facilities as links and each facility as the nodes in this configuration. Based on complexity of the proposed model a multi-objective Pareto-based vibration damping optimization (VDO) algorithm is applied to solve the model and finally non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) is also applied to evaluate the performance of MOVDO. The results indicated the effectiveness of the proposed MOVDO to solve the model.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.270-279
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• 2016

A glass product manufacturing company transports a large number of flat glass products from a manufacturing firm to a building construction site. The products are transported using specially designed racks, which assure fewer glass breakages during the deliveries. This study determines the sizes of the racks which minimize the total logistics cost including costs for rack purchasing, handling, transportation, and inventory costs. The determination of the rack size should consider tradeoff relationships between the amount of glasses piled in a rack and the number of racks loaded on a truck, and affects the required number of racks and the truck operational cost. A truck loading algorithm is proposed to maximize a high truck utilization, and an enumeration method is proposed to determine the optimal combination of rack sizes considering the total logistics cost. The numerical example is solved by using a real data.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.137-147
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• 2017

A water treatment utility in South Korea operates a large system of pressurized hollow fiber membrane (PHFM) modules. The optimal selection of membrane module for the full scale plant was critical issue and carried out using Risk-based Life Cycle Cost (RbLCC) analysis based on the historical data of operation and maintenance. The RbLCC analysis was used in the process of decision-making for replacing aged modules. The initial purchasing cost and the value at risk during operation were considered together. The failure of modules occurs stochastically depending on the physical deterioration with usage over time. The life span of module was used as a factor for the failure of Poisson's probability model, which was used to obtain the probability of failure during the operation. The RbLCC was calculated by combining the initial cost and the value at risk without its warranty term. Additionally, the properties of membrane were considered to select the optimum product. Results showed that the module's life span in the system was ten years (120 month) with safety factor. The optimum product was selected from six candidates membrane for a full scale water treatment facility. This method could be used to make the optimum and rational decision for the operation of membrane water purification facility.

• The Korean Journal of Franchise Management
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.19-33
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• 2022

Purpose: Based on the resource-based view and the competitive advantage theory, the study views marketing capabilities (product, pricing, delivery/inventory, and promotional support) as sources of competitive advantage (differentiation advantage and low-cost advantage) and examines their impacts on competitive advantage, which in turn, will influence non-business and business performance. Research design, data and methodology: Data were collected from 149 representatives of franchising companies in South Korea and analyzed with SmartPLS 3.3.7. Results: First, promotional support and product have a significant impact on differentiation advantage. Second, pricing and promotional support have a significant impact on low-cost advantage. Third, differentiation advantage has an influence on non-financial and financial business performance. Fourth, low-cost advantage has an impact on non-financial performance but has no significant direct impact on financial performance. Fifth, non-financial performance is related to financial performance. Finally, the result of IPMA shows that importance and performance values of exogeneous variables are different depending on firm size. Conclusions: The findings suggest that franchisors should focus on different marketing capabilities depending on their strategic focus and objectives. Finally, the findings based on an IPMA suggest that small companies perceive low-cost advantage as important, while their counterparts do not. Several theoretical and managerial implications are offered.