• 한국전자통신학회논문지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.119-126
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• 2024

건물 정보 모델(BIM: Building Information Model)은 관련 기업의 개별화된 프로젝트와 학습 데이터양 부족으로 인해 인공지능(AI: Artificial Intelligence) 기반 BIM 애플리케이션 개발이 쉽지 않다. 본 연구에서는 데이터가 제한적인 상황에서 BIM의 강구조물 부재 중량비를 예측하기 위해 사전 학습이 된 대형 언어 모델을 기반으로 신경망을 학습하는 방법을 제시하고 실험하였다. 제안된 모델은 대형 언어 모델을 활용하여 BIM에 내재하는 데이터 부족 문제를 극복할 수 있어 데이터의 양이 부족한 상황에서도 성공적인 학습이 가능하며 대형 언어 모델과 연계된 신경망을 활용하여 자연어와 더불어 숫자 데이터까지 처리할 수 있다. 실험 결과는 제안된 대형 언어 모델 기반 신경망이 기존 소형 언어 모델 기반보다 높은 정확도를 보였다. 이를 통해, 대형 언어 모델이 BIM에 효과적으로 적용될 수 있음이 확인되었으며, 향후 건물 사고 예방 및 건설 비용의 효율적인 관리가 기대된다.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.177-186
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• 2002

본 실험은 꽃사슴에 있어서 육림부산물 발효 사료 급여에 따른 체내 이용성과 행동양식을 시판 완전혼합사료와의 비교를 통해 육림부산물에 대한 사슴사료로서의 적합성을 검토하기 위해 실시하였고 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 건물채식량은 숫성록의 경우 CMR구와 FPS구가 거의 비슷한 수준을 유지하였고, 육성록의 경우 FPS구가 약간 낮았다. 2. 소화율은 CMR구의 경우 개체별로 평균 76.7%의 높은 건물 소화율을 나타냈으며 FPS구의 경우에도 CMR구에 비해서는 낮은 소화율을 나타냈으나 평균 65.5%의 건물소화율로서 비교적 높은 체내이용성을 보였다. 3. 질소출납 실험에서 섭취질소에 대한 축적질소의 비율은 FPS구가 48.3%, CMR구가 41.3%로 FPS구가 더 높은 효율을 나타냈다. 4. 채식시간은 하루 중 CMR구가 127분이었고 FPS구가 216분, 반추시간은 CMR구가 154분과 FPS구가 197분을 소비하여 FPS를 급여한 사슴들이 채식시간과 반추시간이 더 길었다. 5. 사슴의 24시간동안 채식 및 반추 휴식 등의 행동에서는 CMR구와 FPS구 모두 짧고 잦은 빈도의 전형적인 사슴의 행동양식을 나타냈다. 이상의 결과로 볼 때 육림부산물 발효사료는 사슴에 있어서 높은 체내이용성을 나타내어 사슴용 사료로서 충분한 가치가 있다고 평가된다.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.529-540
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is examine how price attitude and risk perception affect6 consumer's attitude to clothing discount stores. As for the methods of the research 313 female consumers who just finished shopping at discount stores were interviewed and questioned. The result is as the following. 1. The factors such as discount price inclination effective value inclination price-quality association and price-social grade association in the price attitude as well as social psychological risk and the risk of losing opportunity in the risk perception affected consumer's attitude to clothing discount store. 2. The domestic national brand discount store acquired the highest scores in all factors but discount inclination factor and low price inclination factor. No difference was seen between stores in terms of the risk perception. 3. The determining factors for repurchase intention were found to be store satisfaction and the attitude to clothing discount store. 4. The convenience of transportation the availability of exchange or repair the payment option the quality of the product and the attributes of the store e, g, good quality with relatively low price affected the store satisfaction. 5. Domestic national brand discount store showed higher score in 'good quality with relatively low price' than domestic casual brand discount store did. And difference between groups was found in repurchase intention, Conclusively most consumers using clothing discount stores are effective value-oriented.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.9-16
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• 1995

Model material technique, which requires only the small space of experimental set-up and low cost for experiment, is used to estimate the deformed profile and the forging load in rotary forging. The materials and working conditions are determined to satisfy the similitude conditions between the model test and the prototype test. The model material of the so-called plasticine and the mild steel are chosen as specimens, and they represent almost the same value of strain gardening exponent in the stress-strain relationship. Lubricant in the model test is also carefully selected so that it gives the same frictional conditions at the tool-specimen interface. Experiments for two kinds of specimens are carried out in each testing equipment at room temperatue. From the experiments the deformed dimensions and the forging loads are measured and compared with each other by using the simulation coefficients. It is shown that there are good agreements between the model test and the prototype test. Finally, for verifying the availability of the model material technique this mathod is applied to forging of bevel gear product. the good result is obained which can demonstrate that the model material technique is very efficent for estimating or developing a new process.

• 한국포장학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.49-58
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• 2016

Corrugated board provides packaging for most diverse industries with a share of over 50%, due to the numerous advantages they offer a good protection of the products. In other hand corrugated board fails in environmental conditions, indicating that relative humidity or temperature is higher. These effects directly damage the product packaged. To overcome on this problem recently corrugated boards produced with functional material, "functional corrugated boards," have become more available in the current market. A number of commercialized forms of functional material are coated or composited products with inorganic materials, for example "Nano clay" as representative. However, although the use of functional materials is increasing in corrugated boards, the several concerns such as over cost, environmental friendly materials, recycling, and toxicity affect consumer perceptions and acceptance. In the past, number of researcher focused on process of box compression and the utility of box compression testing etc., best of our knowledge there is no review paper which focus on the functional corrugated boards used in food packaging applications. This paper aims to review the availability of functional corrugated boards in the current market, past research studies on functional material and present the current status of functional corrugated boards in leading countries.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2002년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1012-1016
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• 2002

This paper describes a research work of developing computer-aided design of a product with bending and piercing for progressive working. An approach to the system for progressive working is based on the knowledge-based rules. Knowledge for the system is formulated from plasticity theories, experimental results and the empirical knowledge of field experts. The system has been written in Auto-LISP on the Auto-CAD with a personal computer and is composed of four main modules, which are input and shape treatment, flat pattern layout, strip layout, and die layout modules. The system is designed by considering several factors, such as bending sequences by fuzzy set theory, complexities of blank geometry, punch profiles, and the availability of a press equipment. Strip layout drawing generated in the strip layout module is presented in 3-D graphic forms, including bending sequences and piercing processes with punch profiles divided into for external area. The die layout module carries out die design for each process obtained from the results of the strip layout. Results obtained using the modules enable the manufacturer for progressive working of electric products to be more efficient in this field.

• International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.38-47
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• 2001

This paper decribes the development of computer-aided design of a very precise progressice die for lead frame of semiconductor chip. The approach to the system is based on knowledgr-based rules. Knowledge of fie이 experts. This system has been written in AutoLISP using AutoCAD ona personal computer and the I-DEAS drafting programming Language on the I-DEAS mater series drafting with on HP9000/715(64) workstation. Data exchange between AutoCAD and I-DEAS master series drafting is accomplished using DXF(drawing exchange format) and IGES(initial graphics exchange specification) files. This system is composed of six main modules, which are input and shape treatment, production feasibility check, strip layout, data conversion, die layout, and post processing modules. Based on Knowledge-based rules, the system considers several factors, such as V-notches, dimple, pad chamfer, spank, cavity punch, camber, coined area, cross bow, material and thickness of product, complexities of blank geometry and punch profiles, specifications of available presses, and the availability of standard parts. As forming processes and the die design system using 2D geometry recognition are integrated with the technology of process planning, die design, and CAE analysis, the standardization of die part for lead frames requiting a high precision process is possible. The die layout drawing generated by the die layout module s displayed in graphic form. The developed system makes it possible to design and manufacture lead frame of a semiconductor more efficiently.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.73-80
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• 2001

Lung perfusion scanning, invariably combined with ventilation studies provides a reliable and non-invasive mean to diagnose lung related pathologies despite the availability of modern techniques such as angiography, magnetic resonance imaging, magnetic resonance angiography, and helical (spiral) computed tomography. The technique involves the generation of images by radiations emitted from radioisotopes introduced in to the lungs. Various radiopharmaceuticals have been proposed and designed to incorporate $Tc^{99m}$ in to macroparticulate form for lung perfusion imaging. However, most of these have associated difficulties such as reproducibility of the product with regards to particle size distribution and poor elimination from the lung capillary bed. $Tc^{99m}$ macroaggregated albumin $(Tc^{99m}-MAA)$ is used extensively for clinical lung perfusion imaging and is considered as the radiopharmaceutical of choice. It is non-toxic, safe, and being biodegradable, is easily eliminated from the lung capillary bed by proteolytic enzyme metabolism and by mechanical forces due to lung movement.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.225-231
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• 2003

The injection molding is a traditional manufacturing method that can make plastic parts by just one time in mold. Therefore, the injection molding has become one of a manufacturing method, which is widely applied in a producing of plastic products. Nowadays, to use of plastic parts has increased and plastic product-model using term has been shorten. By these reasons, using term of a injection mold has fast been reduced. These produced molds will be disused and leaved in a storage after a regular term to use it. These leaved molds are sometime sold as scrap iron. But, these molds have lots parts for recycling except special parts for example, cavities, cores and eject pins, etc. In this research, we investigated when the cavity and core of in injection mold would be changed, the injection mold could be recycled. We suggested the structures and standardizations for recycling of a moldbase. We also developed a program in which can be used when the recycling moldbase design in the Auto-CAD with the recycling standards. We called this program as the Recy-Mold. For the availability of the program and moldbase structure fur the recycling standards, we experimented a used mold for automobile lens, which was remanufactured by the recycling standard. The results of this test showed feasibility for the recycling mold.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.207-224
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• 2005

The objective of this study was to explore the principles of SUPAC-SS and its regulatory application in handling postapproval changes to nonsterile semisolid dosage forms. The types of postapproval changes that SUPAC-SS described were modifications in formulation (components and composition), batch size, manufacturing equipment & process, and the site of manufacturing. SUPAC-SS defined the levels of postapproval changes and what chemistry, manufacturing, and control tests should be conducted for each change level. The guidance also specified several occasions the manufacturers should perform in vitro release test (Franz cell diffusion test) and/or in vivo bioequivalence test. Finally, SUPAC-SS classified appropriate filing forms to be used in supporting postapproval changes. It was crystal clear that SUPAC-SS helped maintain the safety and quality of approved semisolid dosage forms when they were subject to certain postapproval changes. The availability of SUPAC-SS made contributions to reducing regulatory burdens of the industry, as well as expediting the postapproval process of regulatory agencies. This study also shed light on the background of relevant pharmaceutical sciences that the SUPAC-SS guidance adopted. Finally, the KFDA and the industry were strongly urged to implant a similar guidance in handling postapproval changes to semisolid dosage forms available in the Korean marketplace.