• 정보처리학회논문지D
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• 제11D권4호
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• pp.865-872
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• 2004

웹 어플리케이션은 기존의 구조적 언어, 객체지향 언어 또는 4세대 언어로 개발된 기존의 어플리케이션과는 달리 웹 서버에서 실행되는 서버측 스크립트 요소와 웹 브라우저에서 실행되는 클라이언트 스크립트 요소. 그리고 문서의 내용을 표현하는 HTML 요소들이 결합된 구조를 가지고 있다. 그렇기 때문에 웹 어플리케이션 개발자들은 동시에 3가시 이상의 개발 언어를 사용하여야 한다. 웹 어플리케이션의 순환복잡도 (CCWA : Cyclomatic Complexity for Web Application) 매트릭은 웹 어플리케이션을 구성하고 있는 각 구성 요소들의 복잡도를 복합적으로 측정하도록 고안된 매트릭이다. 본 연구에서는 웹 어플리케이션의 순환복잡도 매트릭을 복잡도 수준 지시자와 함께 사용하여 웹 어플리케이션에 적용한다. 실무에서 개발된 10개의 중 대형 규모의 웹 어플리케이션에 이를 적용하여 기존의 어플리케이션과는 구별되는 복잡한 웹 어플리케이션의 유형을 MENU, FORM, CTRL, GEN의 4가지로 분석하였다. 이러한 분류는 웹 어플리케이션에 대한 공학적 접근에 다양하게 활용될 수 있다.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제39권10호
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• pp.995-999
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• 2015

자기유도(inductive) 센서는 원리가 간단하고 경제적이어서 변위, 힘, 압력 등 다양한 물리량 측정에 사용된다. 본 논문에서는 고리 모양의 강판과 코일로 이루어진 간단한 구조의 자기유도 센서를 제안하였다. 센서의 인덕턴스를 자기회로 방법을 이용하여 추정하고 유한요소 해석을 통해 검증하였다. 고리의 고유 진동수를 Castigliano 정리와 등가 질량 방법을 이용하여 추정하고 실험 및 유한요소 해석을 통해 검증하였다. 기계적 진동에 영향을 주지 않도록 센서의 가진 주파수를 결정하였으며, 구동 및 신호처리 회로를 설계하여 센서를 제작하였다. 제작된 자기유도 센서를 유연관 내부의 유체 압력을 비침습적으로 측정하는데 활용하였다. 압력과 센서 출력 간의 관계를 이차식 형태로 표현하면 2% 이내의 정확도로 압력을 측정할 수 있어 압력 센서로서의 가능성을 확인하였다.

• 비파괴검사학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 균열선단 주위의 응력장을 균열선단으로부터 멀리 떨어진 직선상에서 위상이동 광탄성법과 멱급수형 등각사상 맵핑함수를 이용하여 해석하였다. 해석된 광탄성 응력장을 실제의 광탄성프린지와 비교하였다. 정성적인 비교가 용이하도록 디지털 영상처리에 의해 등색프린지 패턴을 2배로 증식시키고, 증식된 프린지를 다시 세선 처리하여 서로 비교하였다. 정량적인 분석을 위하여 각각의 광탄성 측정 데이터와 계산된 프린지에 대한 퍼센트 오차와 멱급수형 응력함수의 항의 수에 따른 퍼센트 오차에 대한 표준편차를 비교하였다. 응력함수의 항의 수를 변화시켰을 때 표준편차를 계산하였다. 해석 결과 모드I 응력확대계수는 유한요소법과 경험식으로 계산한 값과 2% 이내로 근접하였다.

• 대한전자공학회논문지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.13-20
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• 1990

본 논문에서는 이동보상과 분류 벡터양자화기를 이용한 화면각 부호화방법을 제안하였다. 이동보상벡터양자화방식에서는 중요화소를 포함하는 블록을 효과적으로 부호화하는 것이 중요하다. 이러한 관점에서, 이동보상후에 나타나는 화면간 예측오차에 적합한 분류법을 갖는 새로운 CVQ 알고리듬을 제안하였다. 본 연구에서는 저 전송율에서 영상을 효과적으로 부호화하기 위하여 이동보상에서 처리단위인 블록을 4개의 크기가 같은 벡터로 나누고, 각 벡터들을 벡터내의 중요화소의 위치에 따라 15부류로 분류하여 각기 독립적으로 제작된 부호책에 따라 벡터양자화기로 부호화하였다. 컴퓨터 모의실험 결과에서 영상회의와 영상전화와 같은 상대적으로 움직임이 적은 영상에 대하여, 평균 비트율이 0.2~0.25 bit/pel에서 35~37dB의 신호대 잡음비를 얻었다.

• 전자공학회논문지S
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• 제35S권8호
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• pp.68-76
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• 1998

본 논문에서는 이진 분열(binary split)에 의한 새로운 계층구조(hierarchical structure)의 형태학적 영상분할 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 이는 각 계층에서 화질이 가장 낮은 하나의 영역에서 생성된 여러 마커중에서 단지 밝기 차가 가장 큰 두 개의 마커를 이용하여 두 영역으로 분할한다. 따라서 제안한 알고리즘은 기존의 방법보다 제한된 개수의 영역으로 화질의 개선을 가져오고 부호화 비용이 많이 소요되고, 인간시각에 민감하지 않는 경계선 정보를 감소시킨다. 또한 분할되는 영역의 개수를 조절할 수 있어 대역폭이 매우 제한된 PSTN(public switched telephone network), LAN, 그리고 이동통신망과 같은 환경에서 사용하기에 적합하다. 그리고 분할 결과에서 작은 영역을 없애기 위한 후처리 과정이 필요 없고, 각 계층의 단순화 단계에서 작은 크기의 형태소만을 사용하므로 기존의 방법보다 연산량이 적고 구조적으로 매우 간단하다.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.135-142
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• 2007

Icon conveys symbolic information which they have become ubiquitous as main element of GUI. However, users often cannot intuitively understand its functional meanings. Icon has to be designed for users to easily understand functional meanings. In order to evaluate icon, the spreading activation model can be used to effectively understand the process of information retrieval. In asymmetric spreading activation model is that in the two nodes the degree of spreading activation is different according to direction. Thus, asymmetric spreading activation theory was performed evaluating the strength of association when users see visual image to associate their verbal meaning (visual image - verbal meaning pair) and users see verbal meaning to associate their visual image (verbal meaning - visual image pair). According to the direction, this study hypothesizes that the well-designed icons have symmetric relationship rather than asymmetric relationship between the two pairs. The strength of association is measured through the reaction time and the accuracy rate. In performing SAT (spreading activation test), the ten icons were selected as word processing software icons. After first SAT, newly designed icons were developed based on Korean mental model, and second SAT was conducted using them. The results showed that the accuracy rate of newly designed icon has been improved. Also there is significant difference of reaction time between current icons and newly designed icons. Well-designed icon is confirmed that the strength of association relationship arises symmetrically rather than asymmetrically between the two pairs. User centered icons could be designed by improving the strength of association between the two pairs. Asymmetric SAT evaluates the strength of the association between the visual image and the verbal meanings to contribute to the development of icon which it related to human's association structure.

• 비파괴검사학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.212-218
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• 2013

A transfer method of neutron radiography was developed to measure the size of the end plug and a gap of an intact K102L-2, the irradiated fuel of a ballooned K174L-3, a ballooned and ruptured K98L-3. A typical irradiation time of 25 min. was determined to obtain a film density of between 2 and 3 of SR X-ray film with neutrons of $1.5{\times}10^{11}n{\cdot}cm^{-2}$. To validate and calibrate the results, a RISO fuel standard sample, Cd plate and ASTM-BPI/SI were used. An activated latent image formed in the $100{\mu}m$ Dy foil was subsequently transferred in a dark room for more than 8 hours to the SR film which is a maximum of three half-lives. Due to the L/D ratio an unsharpness of $9.82-14{\mu}m$ and a magnification of 1.0003 were given. After digitizing an image of SR film, the ballooning gap of the plug was discernible by an H/V filter of image processing. The gap size of the ballooned element, K174L-3, is equal to or greater than 1.2 mm. The development of a transfer method played a pivotal role in developing high burn-up of Wolsung and PWR nuclear fuel type.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.239-249
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• 1997

The behaviour of alloys in the semi-solid state strongly depends on the imposed stress state and on the morphology of the phase which can vary from dendritic to globular. To optimal net shape forging of semi-solid materials, it is important to investigate for filling phenomena in forging process of arbitrarily shaped dies. To produce a automotive part which has good mechanical property, the filling pattern according to die velocity and solid fraction distribution has to be estimated for arbitrarily shaped dies. Therefore, the estimation of filling characteristic in the forging simulation with arbitrarily shaped dies of semi-solid materials are calculated by finite element method with proposed algorithm. The proposed theoretical model and a various boundary conditions for arbitrarily shaped dies is investigated with the coupling calculation between the liquid phase flow and the solid phase deformation. The simulation process with arbitrarily shaped dies is performed to the isothermal conditions of two dimensional problems. To analysis of forging process by using semi-solid materials, a new stress-strain relationship is described, and forging analysis is performed by viscoelastic model for the solid phase and the Darcy's law for the liquid flow. The calculated results for forging force and filling limitations will be compared to experimental data. The filling simulation of simple products performed with the uniform billet temperature(584$^{\circ}C$) from the induction heating by the commercial package MAGMAsoft. The initial step of computation is the touching of semi-solid material with the end of die gate and the initial concept of proposed system just fit with the capability of MAGMAsoft.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제20권7호
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• pp.473-478
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• 2011

In this study, the performance of a thermo siphon type radiator made of copper for LED lighting system was evaluated by using an inverse heat transfer method. Heating experiments and finite element heat transfer analysis were conducted for three different cases. The data obtained from experiments were compared with the analysis results. Based on the data obtained from experiments, the inverse heat transfer method was used in order to evaluate the heat transfer coefficient. First, the heat transfer analysis was conducted for non-vacuum state, without the refrigerant. The evaluated heat transfer coefficient on the radiator surface was 40W/$m^2^{\circ}C$. Second, the heat transfer analysis was conducted for non-vacuum state, with the refrigerant, resulting in the heat transfer coefficient of 95W/$m^2^{\circ}C$. Third, the heat transfer analysis was conducted for vacuum state, with refrigerant. For the third case, the evaluated heat transfer coefficients were 140W/$m^2^{\circ}C$. Third, the heat transfer analysis was conducted for vacuum state, with refrigerant. For the third case, the evaluated heat transfer coefficients were 140W/$m^2^{\circ}C$ for the radiator body, 5W/$m^2^{\circ}C$. Third, the heat transfer analysis was conducted for vacuum state, with refrigerant for the rising position of radiator pipe, 35W/$m^2^{\circ}C$. Third, the heat transfer analysis was conducted for vacuum state, with refrigerant. For the highest position of radiator pipe, and 120W/$m^2^{\circ}C$ for the downturn position of radiator pipe. As a result of inverse heat transfer analysis, it was confirmed that the thermal performance of the current radiator was best in the case of the vacuum state using the refrigerant.

• IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing and Computing
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.65-73
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• 2014

An overall responding security-centered framework is necessary required for infringement accidents, failures, and cyber threats. On the other hand, the correspondence structures of existing administrative, technical, physical security have weakness in a system responding to complex attacks because each step is performed independently. This study will recognize all internal and external users as a potentially threatening element. To perform connectivity analysis regarding an action, an intelligent convergence security framework and road map is suggested. A suggested convergence security framework was constructed to be independent of an automatic framework, such as the conventional single solution for the priority defense system of APT of the latest attack type, which makes continuous reputational attacks to achieve its goals. This study suggested the next generation convergence security framework to have preemptive responses, possibly against an APT attack, consisting of the following five hierarchical layers: domain security, domain connection, action visibility, action control, and convergence correspondence. In the domain, the connection layer suggests a security instruction and direction in the domains of administrative, physical and technical security. The domain security layer has consistency of status information among the security domain. A visibility layer of an intelligent attack action consists of data gathering, comparison and decision cycle. The action control layer is a layer that controls the visibility action. Finally, the convergence corresponding layer suggests a corresponding system of before and after an APT attack. The administrative security domain had a security design based on organization, rule, process, and paper information. The physical security domain is designed to separate into a control layer and facility according to the threats of the control impossible and control possible. Each domain action executes visible and control steps, and is designed to have flexibility regarding security environmental changes. In this study, the framework to address an APT attack and load map will be used as an infrastructure corresponding to the next generation security.