• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈E:수학교육논문집
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.603-619
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• 2006

One of the most important aims in mathematics education is to enhance students' problem-solving abilities. To achieve this aim, in real school classrooms, many educators have examined and developed effective teaching methods, learning strategies, and practical problem-solving techniques. Among those trials, it is noticeable that Engel, Zeits, Shapiro and other not a few mathematicians emphasized 'Invariance Principle' as a mean of solving problems. This study is to consider the basic concept of 'Invariance Principle', analyze 'Invariance' concept in secondary Mathematics contents on the basis of framework of 'Invariance Principle' shown by Shapiro and discuss some instructional issues to occur in the process of it.

• 컴퓨터교육학회논문지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2010

지식 기반 사회에서 지식과 정보를 활용하여 문제를 해결하는 능력은 매우 중요하다. 또한 기존의 지식으로 해결할 수 없는 다양한 문제 상황이 증대되고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 정보의 체계적 수집 및 활용을 통한 창의적 아이디어 생성 및 이를 활용한 문제해결력 향상을 위한 정보 교육 프로그램을 개발하였다. 해당 프로그램은 발산적 사고와 수렴적 사고를 모두 다룰 수 있도록 조직하였으며, 문제 해결의 전체적인 경험을 제공하고 학습자 내부 지식 뿐 아니라 새로운 정보를 수집, 활용하여 문제를 해결하는 능력 향상에 초점을 두고 구성하였다. 또한 정보 활용 난이도에 따라 분리된 프로그램을 개발하였다.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈D:수학교육연구
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.55-70
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to develop math creative problem solving test in order to identify the mathematically gifted on the basis of their math creative problem solving ability and evaluate the goodness of the test in terms of its reliability and validity of measuring creativity in math problem solving on the basis of fluency in producing valid solutions. Ten open math problems were developed requiring math thinking abilities such as intuitive insight, organization of information, inductive and deductive reasoning, generalization and application, and reflective thinking. The 10 open math test items were administered to 2,029 Grade 5 students who were recommended by their teachers as candidates for gifted education programs. Fluency, the number of valid solutions, in each problem was scored by math teachers. Their responses were analyzed by BIGSTEPTS based on Rasch's 1-parameter item-response model. The item analyses revealed that the problems were good in reliability, validity, difficulty, and discrimination power even when creativity was scored with the single criteria of fluency. This also confirmed that the open problems which are less-defined, less-structured and non-entrenched were good in measuring math creativity of the candidates for math gifted education programs. In addition, it discriminated applicants for two different gifted educational institutions and between male and female students as well.

• 한국보육지원학회지
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.69-86
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• 2017

Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the effects of small-group arithmetic word problem activities with concrete materials on 5 year old children's mathematical ability and attitude. Methods: A total of 34 five-year-old children (control group 16 children, experimental group18 children) attending two kindergartens in P city participated in this study. Fifteen small-group arithmetic word problem activities with concrete materials were conducted in the classroom of the experimental group twice a week for eight weeks. Before and after the activities, all the participants individually took a basic arithmetic test, mathematical word problem solving test, and mathematical attitudes test. Results: First, we observed that the children in the experimental group achieved significantly higher scores on the mathematical ability tests, including the basic arithmetic test and mathematical word problems solving test when compared to the children in the control group. Second, we also found that children in the experimental group showed higher improvement in the mathematical attitudes test than their counterparts. Conclusion/Implications: The results of this study suggest that small-group arithmetic word problem activities with concrete materials are effective in improving children's mathematical ability and attitudes.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.71-78
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• 2023

Purpose : This study was purposed to analyze the effectiveness of PBL (Problem-Based Learning) classes and to derive class improvement plans. Methods : The subjects of the study were 48 students who took the 4th grade clinical dental hygiene course at S University located in Chungcheongnam-do of South Korea in 2021. A single-group pre and post experimental study was designed to verify whether there were significant changes in the research variables of students who participated in the class to which problem-based learning was applied. A paired-sample t-test was conducted for the collected data of 46 respondents. Results : As a result, the degree of improvement in problem clarification, cause analysis, and alternative development among the five sub-areas of problem-solving ability was statistically significant. This means that the problem-based learning class positively affects dental hygiene major students' ability to clarify problems, the ability to analyze causes to collect and analyze information, and the ability to develop alternatives to make decisions, thereby improving overall problem-solving abilities. However, the improved post-score was not statistically significant in the planning/execution and performance evaluation of the remaining two subdomains. In addition, post-scores of the leader aspect, opinion exchange, opinion evaluation, and opinion integration, which are sub-domains of collaborative self-efficacy, all showed great statistical significance. Problem-based learning improved the collaborative efficacy of dental hygiene major students overall by positively influencing the ability to lead a team, exchange and evaluate each other's views, and constructively integrate different views. Conclusion : It was found that both the subject's problem-solving ability and cooperation efficiency improved under the influence of problem-based learning. On the other hand, implications for improvement of the future class such as the necessity of supplementing strategies to promote planning and execution ability for problem solving, and ability to evaluate problem solving performance was suggested.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.74-87
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify key abilities needed to develop for student nurses. Methods: A methodological research design was used in this study. The abilities for student nurses were developed through literature review and educational objectives analysis of 60 nursing colleges in Korea. Results: Finally, the abilities required to develop for student nurses in higher education were 8 cluster of abilities and 19 abilities such as problem solving ability, relationship ability, professional ability, ability in information processing, globalization, voluntary service. Conclusion: To perceive and achieve abilities for student nurses in higher education has to be needed a systematic approach in setting objectives, to improve curriculum and to develop program and educational methods.

• 컴퓨터교육학회논문지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.41-51
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• 2011

정보기술이 발전함에 따라 정보교육은 정보과학의 원리와 개념을 효과적으로 가르치기 위한 교육과정으로 개정되었다. 개정된 교육과정에 따라, 프로그래밍 언어를 활용한 알고리즘 사고 학습 및 문제해결능력 향상의 효과를 검증하는 연구들이 진행되고 있다. 그러나 학습자의 수준과 능력을 고려한 프로그래밍 교육에 대한 연구는 부족한 편이다. 따라서 본 연구는 대학교 3학년을 대상으로 학습자의 문제해결과정 각 단계가 프로젝트 완성도에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 문제해결 수준에 따른 프로젝트 완성도의 차이를 분석한 결과, 문제해결 수준이 높은 집단이 낮은 집단보다 프로젝트 완성도가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 문제해결과정 각 단계가 프로젝트 완성도에 미치는 영향을 분석한 결과, 문제발견 요인이 프로젝트 완성도에 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 학습자의 프로젝트 완성도에 영향을 미치는 문제해결과정 단계를 탐색하여, 문제를 발견하는 활동과 반성적 성찰을 통한 문제해결 검토 과정이 중요함을 제안하였다.

• 대한지구과학교육학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.102-107
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• 2011

In this study, elementary school science program, this category did not affect any troubleshooting analyzed. Thinking Science Program to buy for them in group activities by using one of the elements of a program of treatment and cognitive level effects were two kinds of research questions. 102, 5th grade four classes were involved, these two classes of the experimental group and the remaining two classes were divided into a control group. Pre-test between the two groups is compared to the level and classification problem-solving skills but the skills did not show a statistically significant difference. Thinking Science activity after application of classification and posttest the experimental group than in the control group problem solving abilities of students classified at the level of statistical significance was higher. Thinking Science program is a treatment effect for each level of analysis, tests, regardless of cognitive level was more effective. Through theses findings, Thinking Science activities 5th grade category classification problem-solving skills of students found to be effective in improving and these types of programs actively introduced in the field suggests that we need to see.

• 컴퓨터교육학회논문지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.17-26
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• 2007

21세기 IT 선진국을 꿈꾸며 우리나라는 2001년도부터 초등학교를 비롯한 각급 학교에서 컴퓨터 교육을 실시해 오고 있다. 그러나 컴퓨터과학을 도외시한 컴퓨터 기능 위주의 정보 소양 교육은 내용 부실이라는 비판을 받아 왔고, 이에 2005년도에는 "정보통신기술교육 윤영지침 개정안"이 발표되면서 컴퓨터과학의 내용이 추가되어 보다 체계적인 틀을 갖추게 되었다. 그러나 정보 사회에서 가장 중요한 능력 중의 하나인 "문제 해결" 능력 신장을 위한 교육과정은 아직 불완전한 모습을 보이고 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 "문제 해결" 영역을 중심으로 각국의 초등학교 수준의 컴퓨터 및 수학 교과에서의 교육과정을 분석하고 초등학교 컴퓨터과학 교육과정에서 이루어져야 할 "문제 해결" 영역의 교육과정 개선안을 제안하였다.

• 한국보육지원학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.29-52
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• 2023

Objective: This research aims to examine the effect of a young children's engineering-focused STEAM program based on the project approach - a program that constructs components aligned with children's interests in their play through an engineering design process - on their scientific inquiry ability, mathematical problem-solving ability, and creativity. Methods: In this research, 42 five-year-old children from a public kindergarten in S district, I city, were randomly divided into experimental and comparative groups, each with 21 children. The engineering-focused STEAM program was conducted from April 18 to June 10, 2022, with the experimental group exploring the 'car' theme and the comparison group focusing on a different theme. The study employed an independent sample t-test and analysis of covariance(ANCOVA), using the pretest as a covariate to control variables. Results: The children-selected 'cars' themed engineering-focused STEAM program was effective in enhancing their scientific inquiry ability, mathematical problem-solving ability and creativity. Conclusion/Implications: The engineering-focused STEAM program, which emerges from young children's interesting daily play, had positive effects on enhancing their scientific inquiry ability, mathematical problem-solving ability, and creativity. This research can serve as fundamental data for developing education programs focused on engineering within the STEAM framework, guided by children's emergent play.