• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.535-547
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• 2014

This study analyzed the characteristics of National Science Curricula in the UK, Australia, New Zealand, Canada, Singapore, and Korea with respect to core competencies. In the case of overseas countries, literature review on their curricula was conducted, and four common features were extracted: 'association of cross-curricular competencies with science-specific competencies', 'a combination of science contents and scientific practices', 'an emphasis on communication skills', and 'representation of an achievement level of competency'. In addition, the common core competencies of science education were 'critical thinking', 'creative thinking', 'problem solving', 'inquiry skills', 'communication skills', 'cultural literacy', 'ability to integrate discipline', 'application skills', and 'personal/social competency'. In relation to these features, this study also investigated Korean science teachers' perceptions of core competencies in science education. A survey was conducted on 135 teachers in elementary, middle, and high school in Korea. Teachers were not well aware of what core competencies are, and after introduction, they thought that they wanted to and needed to teach core competencies to their students. Teachers claimed that critical core competencies in science education are 'creative thinking', 'problem solving', and 'inquiry skills'. Teachers thought that core competencies-based science class would help develop students' scientific literacy and communication skills. However, they have difficulties in conducting core competencies-based science class because they are not familiar with how to conduct the class and they expect that it will take a long time to prepare such a class.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.8 no.11
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• pp.441-448
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• 2019

Previous researches on automatic spacing of Korean sentences has been researched to correct spacing errors by using n-gram based statistical techniques or morpheme analyzer to insert blanks in the word boundary. In this paper, we propose an end-to-end automatic word spacing by using deep neural network. Automatic word spacing problem could be defined as a tag classification problem in unit of syllable other than word. For contextual representation between syllables, Bi-LSTM encodes the dependency relationship between syllables into a fixed-length vector of continuous vector space using forward and backward LSTM cell. In order to conduct automatic word spacing of Korean sentences, after a fixed-length contextual vector by Bi-LSTM is classified into auto-spacing tag(B or I), the blank is inserted in the front of B tag. For tag classification method, we compose three types of classification neural networks. One is feedforward neural network, another is neural network language model and the other is linear-chain CRF. To compare our models, we measure the performance of automatic word spacing depending on the three of classification networks. linear-chain CRF of them used as classification neural network shows better performance than other models. We used KCC150 corpus as a training and testing data.

• The Journal of Bigdata
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.179-196
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• 2021

With the spread of untact culture resulting from the Covid-19 pandemic, the size of the car camping market has expanded to minimize contact with others. As a result, SUVs have exceeded sales of sedans, and sales of recreational vehicles (RVs) have increased by 101% compared to the same period last year. Despite the explosive increase in demand for car camping, research on car camping has not matched this increase. Therefore, in this study, we intended to conduct a study focused on car camping users. According to a survey of Naver's famous car camping cafe, it was difficult to find articles, maps, and websites with car camping places. Analysis of car camping websites showed that most only post information about the camping itself, so details of car camping places were not available. Furthermore, according to a survey derived from related prior studies and literature surveys, most users urged solutions to the problem of unauthorized garbage dumping in the car camping locations. In addition, car camping users wanted to receive information on amenities near the car camping places. Therefore, we aimed to establish a car camping website that provides basic information on car camping places and nearby convenience facilities. Moreover, to solve the problem of garbage dumping, we provided a category wherein users can post pictures of clean camping campaigns. We also developed a business model utilizing the certification process of clean camping. The business model is designed with a structure wherein car camping users are rewarded through the clean camping certification process. Compensation for clean camping certification was proposed to be provided through partnerships with domestic automakers, Korea Tourism Organization, and Small Business Market Promotion Agency.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.65 no.3
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• pp.209-218
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• 2021

This study investigated the condition of chemistry teacher's student competency assessment based on the inquiry report. To this end, an inquiry report was collected for chemistry teachers who took the training at two universities that conducted the 2020 first-class chemistry teacher training. The science subject competencies presented in NAEA analysis framework was used to analyze what kind of competencies teachers assess students through inquiry reports. A total of 63 chemistry teachers submitted inquiry reports, which were analyzed by competency, sub-element of each competency, and detail element to analyze the actual situation. As a result of the study, most chemistry teachers reflected their 'scientific inquiry and problem-solving ability' in their evaluation through inquiry reports. 'Ability to understand and apply scientific principles', which is mainly evaluated through paper-based evaluation, was partially used as confirmation of prerequisite learning at the beginning of the inquiry and the weight of evaluating 'scientific communication skill' was not large. In 'scientific inquiry and problem-solving ability' through inquiry report, 'design and conduct explorations', 'data analysis and interpretation' and 'drawing conclusion and suggesting solution' were mainly assessed. However, 'discover and recognize problems' and 'development and use of model' were hardly assessed.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2021

In this study, a science writing heuristic class with emphasis on social interaction and tool improvement for 10 middle school students at the National University Science-Gifted Education Center in Jeollanamdo was conducted to investigate the perception of STS (science technology society) relationship and students' perception of the effects of class. After science writing heuristic class emphasizing social interaction and tool improvement, the students became aware of the STS relationships as follows: Science-gifted students have come to perceive that experimental tools and technology contribute to the development of scientific theory, that it is difficult to solve all social problems with only science and technology, and that science is a social interaction activity. In addition, science-gifted students responded that they became aware of the relevance of STS through intensive inquiry conducted on the same subject for several hours, communications with colleagues in another group through peer reviews, communication to solve problems with colleagues in the same group, activities to improve tools in the process of inquiry, inquiry using familiar materials and phenomena. In order for students to effectively recognize the relationship of STS in science-gifted class for middle school students, it is necessary to provide experience to solve problems using various experimental tools, experience to have trial and error in the process of solving inquiry problem under the same subject, experience to improve tools in the process of solving inquiry problem, experience to communicate with colleagues who conduct inquiry activities under the same subject, experience to share the results with other groups, and inquiry activities using familiar materials and phenomena.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.69-77
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• 2022

Physical experiment through MBL has been used in many schools for a long time since students can check the experiment results immediately and conduct the experiment easily. However, conducting the experiment, not knowing the principle of the device or simply concentrating on the derived data has been raised as the problem of MBL experiment. To supplement this problem, this study measured the acceleration of gravity with the picket fence method, which is often used in MBL experiment, utilizing Arduino, calculated the error rate through a comparison to the actual acceleration of gravity and discussed the educational application of the experiment to measure it. As a result of the experiment, the error rate between the acceleration of gravity calculated by the experiment and the actual acceleration of gravity was about 1%, so it turned out that relatively accurate measurements were possible. Also, the sample mean of the experimental value was included in the confidence interval of 95%, so it could be concluded that it was a significant experiment. In addition, this study showed the possibility of the educational application of the experiment to measure it through the following: It can supplement the structural disadvantages of MBL; it can consider the interaction between Physics and Math; it is possible to converge with information course in STEAM education; and it is inexpensive to be equipped with the equipment. Hopefully, the physical experiment utilizing Arduino will further be revitalized in science gifted education based on this study.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.27 no.10
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• pp.43-57
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• 2022

In this paper, we propose a method of analyzing research papers published by researchers belonging to university departments in the field of disaster & safety for the scientometric analysis of the research status in the field of disaster safety. In order to conduct analysis research, the dataset constructed in previous studies was newly improved and utilized. In detail, for research papers of authors belonging to the disaster prevention and safety engineering type department of domestic universities, institution identification, cited journal identification of references, department type classification, disaster safety type classification, researcher major information, KSIC(Korean Standard Industrial Classification) mapping information was reflected in the experimental data. The proposed method has a difference from previous studies in the field of disaster & safety and data set based on related keyword searches. As a result of the analysis, the type and regional distribution of organizations belonging to the department of disaster prevention and safety engineering, the composition of co-authored department types, the researchers' majors, the status of disaster safety types and standard industry classification, the status of citations in academic journals, and major keywords were identified in detail. In addition, various co-occurrence networks were created and visualized for each analysis unit to identify key connections. The research results will be used to identify and recommend major organizations and information by disaster type for the establishment of an intelligent crisis warning system. In order to provide comprehensive and constant analysis information in the future, it is necessary to expand the analysis scope and automate the identification and classification process for data set construction.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.805-815
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• 2015

The Korean education curriculum is making efforts to improve education to foster competencies that the future society demands through the 2007 and 2009 revised curriculum. The revised curricula focus on enhanced articulation for the quality curriculum. In this study, the curriculum is analyzed for vertical and horizontal articulation. In addition, the study found a problem in Korea's curriculum through international comparison and sought improvement. Furthermore, the study compared internationally articulation of the concept of photosynthesis, of which the results are as follows. First, our science curriculum focuses on vertical articulation and has relatively neglected the problem of horizontal articulation. To compensate for this problem, curriculum design should introduce aspects of 'nature' and 'environment' and should consider the interests and concerns of students, as countries with high horizontal articulation do. Second, the actual education field has a problem with the a lack of continuity and sequence because of concentration of concept in a specific grade or simply repeating the concept across multiple grades. These results have led to alternative proposals that should arrange basis of concept configuration such as 'Big Idea' and should establish the adoption of 'systems' frequently appearing in the other curricula. Finally, there may be mentioned a lack of research on students' learning progression, which can be a common standard of horizontal and vertical articulation. Research on learning progression has been a trend overseas, but there exists no study to fit Korea's situation, so education fields need to conduct the appropriate research on learning progression as part of the commitment to high-quality curriculum.

• Journal of Christian Education in Korea
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• v.71
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• pp.277-303
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• 2022

The COVID-19 Pandemic, which began in 2020, has led to many changes in the Korean church. It created a situation in which not only the change and form of worship time, but also the definition, direction, and philosophy of ministry had to be re-established. In the early days of COVID-19 Pandemic, the Korean church recognized this as a crisis, but gradually regarded these as opportunities and tried to produce positive results. The Department of Education has also undergone many changes, especially in its summer ministry, and is expected to have undergone more dramatic changes in form, location and method than in any other church event or service. However, no accurate data on this has been collected. Accordingly, Mirae with Dreams (CEO: Pastor Kim Eun-ho), a corporation established by the Oryun Church for the next generation of ministry, conducted a survey on the summer ministry of the Korean church, which has been registered as a future member with dreams every year since 2020 when the COVID-19 fan dummy began. A similar survey was conducted in 2022 following 2021, and 260 churches responded, and the results are as follows. In 2022, the summer ministry of the Ministry of Education of the Korean Church returned to the form before the COVID-19 Pandemic. Unlike 2021, when many of them were held online, more than 81 percent said they had conducted summer camps offline, and 31 percent also conducted or attended outdoor camps. In terms of the importance of roles, when online was also the main focus, parents and teachers were equally viewed or emphasized, while in this summer's survey, 90 percent of respondents said that the role of teachers in charge or department was important. Summer events were mainly summer Bible schools and retreats, but 25% of all respondents said they conducted missionary work and evangelism at home and abroad. Compared to 2021, participation in summer camps has increased in all departments, including infant and kindergarten, elementary and middle school, and especially in infant and middle school. While preparing for the summer camp, most of the respondents said that the focus was on content and topics, and the main focus was on children's accessibility compared to 2021. As a result of synthesizing the description of the reason for the respondents who could not conduct the summer camp, about 40% said they could not conduct the summer camp due to a lack of volunteers. This is more than 30% who pointed out COVID-19 as the cause, which can be seen as an urgent problem to be solved at the Korean church and denomination level. In addition, this paper also mentioned detailed changes in each question, referring to the changes in summer camps from 2020 to 2022.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.89-106
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• 2022

Recently, the amount of video data collected from smartphones, CCTVs, black boxes, and high-definition cameras has increased rapidly. According to the increasing video data, the requirements for analysis and utilization are increasing. Due to the lack of skilled manpower to analyze videos in many industries, machine learning and artificial intelligence are actively used to assist manpower. In this situation, the demand for various computer vision technologies such as object detection and tracking, action detection, emotion detection, and Re-ID also increased rapidly. However, the object detection and tracking technology has many difficulties that degrade performance, such as re-appearance after the object's departure from the video recording location, and occlusion. Accordingly, action and emotion detection models based on object detection and tracking models also have difficulties in extracting data for each object. In addition, deep learning architectures consist of various models suffer from performance degradation due to bottlenects and lack of optimization. In this study, we propose an video analysis system consists of YOLOv5 based DeepSORT object tracking model, SlowFast based action recognition model, Torchreid based Re-ID model, and AWS Rekognition which is emotion recognition service. Proposed model uses single-linkage hierarchical clustering based Re-ID and some processing method which maximize hardware throughput. It has higher accuracy than the performance of the re-identification model using simple metrics, near real-time processing performance, and prevents tracking failure due to object departure and re-emergence, occlusion, etc. By continuously linking the action and facial emotion detection results of each object to the same object, it is possible to efficiently analyze videos. The re-identification model extracts a feature vector from the bounding box of object image detected by the object tracking model for each frame, and applies the single-linkage hierarchical clustering from the past frame using the extracted feature vectors to identify the same object that failed to track. Through the above process, it is possible to re-track the same object that has failed to tracking in the case of re-appearance or occlusion after leaving the video location. As a result, action and facial emotion detection results of the newly recognized object due to the tracking fails can be linked to those of the object that appeared in the past. On the other hand, as a way to improve processing performance, we introduce Bounding Box Queue by Object and Feature Queue method that can reduce RAM memory requirements while maximizing GPU memory throughput. Also we introduce the IoF(Intersection over Face) algorithm that allows facial emotion recognized through AWS Rekognition to be linked with object tracking information. The academic significance of this study is that the two-stage re-identification model can have real-time performance even in a high-cost environment that performs action and facial emotion detection according to processing techniques without reducing the accuracy by using simple metrics to achieve real-time performance. The practical implication of this study is that in various industrial fields that require action and facial emotion detection but have many difficulties due to the fails in object tracking can analyze videos effectively through proposed model. Proposed model which has high accuracy of retrace and processing performance can be used in various fields such as intelligent monitoring, observation services and behavioral or psychological analysis services where the integration of tracking information and extracted metadata creates greate industrial and business value. In the future, in order to measure the object tracking performance more precisely, there is a need to conduct an experiment using the MOT Challenge dataset, which is data used by many international conferences. We will investigate the problem that the IoF algorithm cannot solve to develop an additional complementary algorithm. In addition, we plan to conduct additional research to apply this model to various fields' dataset related to intelligent video analysis.