• STI Policy Review
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.45-54
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• 2011

This paper develops a recursive multinomial probit model and describes its estimation method. The recursive multinomial probit model is an extension of a recursive bivariate probit model. The main difference between the two models is that a single decision among two or more alternatives can be considered in each choice equation in the proposed model. The recursive multinomial probit model is developed based on a standard framework of the multinomial probit model and a Bayesian approach with a Gibbs sampling is adopted for the estimation. The simulation exercise with artificial data sets is showed that the model performed well. Since the recursive multinomial probit model can be applied to analyze the causal relationship between discrete dependent variables with more than two outcomes, the model can play an important role in extending the methodology of the causal relationship analysis in innovation research.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.31-42
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• 2015

This thesis has analyzed the determination factor for the crop insurance of rice focused on paddy rice. The analysis on each farmer has been used with integrated probit model & random effects probit model. It has shown in the analysis result of determination factor for buying the crop insurance of paddy rice farmer through integrated probit model & random effects probit model that the higher age, degree of education, cultivated area, and amount of received insurance money and the lower in a number of family member have revealed the higher possibility to buy the crop insurance in the integrated probit model. While the random effects probit model has shown a higher possibility to buy the crop insurance as the higher age, cultivated area, and amount of received insurance money.

• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.75-95
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• 2002

Using 3 years of panel data on nearly 3,507 households, the Korea Labor Income Panel Survey(KLIPS) data, the authors measure the determinants of poverty and unemployment, and the extents to which poverty influenced unemployment. The probit analysis of unemployment shows that unemployment probability is lower, when male, lower age and is higher, high-school and over junior college, work duration is over 3 years. The probit analysis of poverty shows that poverty probability is lower, when male, higher education level, longer career. specially unemployment and social insurance is determinants of increasing poverty. Bivariate probit model of unemployment and poverty also provides similar findings to those probit analysis and shows an evidence of the influence of unemployment on poverty along with the positive role of social welfare policy such that social welfare receipt reduces the impact of unemployment on poverty.

• Analyses & Alternatives
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.3-24
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• 2021

This paper introduces a multilevel item-response-theory (IRT) model as a unifying model for hypothesis testing using legislative voting data. This paper shows that a probit or logit model is a special type of multilevel IRT model. In particular, it is demonstrated that, when a probit or logit model is applied to multiple votes, it makes unrealistic assumptions and produces incorrect coefficient estimates. The advantages of a multilevel IRT model over a probit or logit model are illustrated with a Monte Carlo experiment and an example from the U.S. House. Finally, this paper provides a practical guide to fitting this model to legislative voting data.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.31 no.11
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• pp.936-941
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• 2007

This paper is on the influence of gas explosion caused by Vapor Cloud Explosion(VCE). Also, it is to understand the influence of the booth for explosion experiment which is installed to let the trainees for legal education which is managed by IGTT(Institute or Gas Technology Training) know the riskiness of explosion. In this study, the influence of explosion shock wave caused by VCE in enclosure was calculated by using the Hopkinson's scaling law and the accident damage was estimated by applying the influence on the adjacent human into the probit model. As a result of the damage estimation conducted by using the probit model, both the damage possibility of explosion overpressure to human 8 meters away and that of shock wave to hurt 15 meters away showed nothing.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.170-180
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• 1998

This study presents a method for calculating the concentration of hydrocarbon releases in enclosed areas using empirical equations of evaporation rate. The approach of the method is to estimate the hydrocarbon exposure concentration in the air under conditions assumed. A methodology for assessing risk was suggested to individual risk assessment to exposed workers or others by probit expressions. The toxicity criteria and available human exposure data were examined and guidelines for risk assessment suggested for benzene-air and toluene-air systems. The value of probit constants with mole fractions of lethal concentrations in a mixture of hydrocarbons and a non-toxic substance was predicted. The probit values calculated with mole fractions can be used to estimate guidelines to prevent toxicity within enclosed working areas.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.5
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• pp.259-268
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• 2020

This study aims to provide empirical evidence on the causal relationship between bribery and firm innovation. To this end, we use a micro-dataset of small and medium firms in Vietnam surveyed in 2015. Given the binary nature of the dependent variable, a simple probit regression model is employed. However, as bribery variable is potentially endogenous, a simple probit regression may give biased estimates. We deal with the potential endogeneity by making use of the bivariate probit model. A property of the bivariate probit model is that it can produce efficient estimates of a typical probit model with endogenous binary explanatory variable. A Hausman-like likelihood ratio test is implemented following the estimation to test the existence of endogeneity. We find that bribery significantly undermines firm innovation. Also, firms run by household appear less innovative. The probability of innovation diminishes significantly if firm owners or managers have previous experience in firm products. As expected, larger firms seem to be more innovative. Exporters tend to be more innovative compared to non-exporters. Our findings provide support to the hypothesis that bribery is detrimental to firm innovation and, thus, innovation may be a mediating channel, through which, bribery impedes firm long-term performance.

• Transportation Technology and Policy
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.37-45
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• 2010

• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.179-185
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• 1994

To test the equality of survival distributions in the presence of arbitrary right censorship, the choice of weights which are functions of the number of individuals at risk at the time of each death is very important in increasing the power of the test. In this paper a weight by probit scale is derived and the efficiencies relative to the other weight's are also investigated.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.45-60
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• 2014

We introduce a MCMC sampling for a generalized linear normal random effects model with the ordered probit link function based on latent variables from suitable truncated normal distribution. Such models have proven useful in practice and we have observed numerically reasonable results in the estimation of fixed effects when the random effect term is provided. Applications that utilize Korean Welfare Panel Study data can be difficult to model; subsequently, we find that an ordered probit model with the random effects leads to an improved analyses with more accurate and precise inferences.