• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.10
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• pp.909-918
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• 2020

This study, not only investigates the important role of lifelong learning in shaping young people's knowledge and in maximizing their potential, but also aims to shed light on the influencing factors of lifelong learning of young people in Vietnam. The author applied STATA and SPSS to analyze quantitative data collected from questionnaires with 332 respondents aged between 19 years old and 24 years old. Based on a holistic review of literature, this study concludes that four driver factors affect young people's lifelong learning ability, comprising: organizational culture, motivation, human resource development, and domestic private type of enterprise. The results emphasize the positivity of organizational culture, human resource development, and the nature of work, especially organizational culture and human resource development, which are dominant reasons for young people to maintain lifelong learning. The relationship between demographics and lifelong learning was tested and it indicated that male has a stronger interest in learning than female. The result of the study also shows the impact of different types of business sectors on employees' learning intentions. It points out that the domestic private type of enterprise is the most effective factor that has a positive relationship with the lifelong learning of the individual.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.215-229
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to identify the management situation and development plan targeting private bakery owners who are doing business in major cities. For research, the questionnaire survey was conducted targeting 69 owners who are operating bakery at the point of data collection, and the data were analyzed using frequency analysis and paired-sample t-test using SPSS. The results of the study were as follows. Owners' baking career and management career were mostly more than 10 years. They are currently managing bakeries with at least 4 competing bakeries and point out franchise-type bakeries as major competitors. Also, they responded that the most important factor for strengthening competitive edge of shop was employees and that the enhancement in technology and employees with adequate techniques are important for improving sales. Also, the result of paired sample t-test revealed that the communication had the biggest difference between importance and satisfaction perceptions among taste, sanitation, service, price, product, location, and communication. Limitations and future research directions are also discussed.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.35-42
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to analyze job stress factors of hospital workers, which has an effect on their turnover intention. For identifying the influences on turnover intention, types of hospitals (university hospital, general hospital, private hospital) and types of workers(office workers, technical workers, and nursing staffs) were categorized. We went to the hospitals and carried out the survey under the cooperation with the concerned hospitals. The period of survey was from 23. Sep. 2013 to 30. Oct. 2013, and 293 worker participated in the survey. On the basis of the previous study, the measurement of job stress factors and turnover intention was set up as the survey method, and its reliability and validity were measured. The stress factors were subdivided into seven factors; occupational climate, organizational system, autonomy job control, uncertainty of getting a new job, job ability to perform, job demand, job ambiance. The value of job stress factors by the measuring instrument, Cronbach's Alpha, was 0.805 and the value of the subordination variable of turnover intention was 0.881. IBM SPSS Statistics 21 was used as the statistic analysis tool and the descriptive statistics about job stress factors. As a result, the turnover intention were analyzed depending on the types of hospitals, job groups, working years, and gender. Result shows that the job stress factors are differed according to the types of hospitals, and these job stress factors have influence on turnover intention. Therefore, it could be considered that, if the hospital managers find out the major job stress factors of their employees and resolve them in advance, the job stress of the hospital workers and their turnover intention can be reduced.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.125-142
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• 2019

The study wanted to verify the effect of emotional sub-compression, a negative variable of emotional labor, on job performance, on security personnel working at private security companies, and further to verify how the impact on emotional sub-compression can affect job performance through the first draft of regulation. Empirical analysis through the study model showed that emotional edema was not a significant effect, but a negative effect on job performance, and that it did not affect the control focus itself. This revealed that emotional harmony has been shown to have a negative impact on performance due to the present state and conflicting situations in one's emotions, which means that emotional harmony does not affect negative or positive effects depending on a person's attributes. It also showed that the temperamental control focus on job performance had a positive impact on employees with an improvement focus and had a negative impact on employees with a preventive focus, and that a temperamental control focus between emotional dissonance and job performance had an effect. This indicated that job performance was affected by a temperamental control focus and that employees with an improvement focus had a positive effect and had a positive effect on performance. The implications of the study in this study are that it can have target differentiation in the areas where the study was conducted on guard workers, a social issue related to the study of emotional labor, and it can be meaningful that the study of emotional labor had a control focus and measured both positive and negative tendencies. It is also believed that there will be contributions to the verification of differences in performance resulting from employee propensity and by linking it with a variable called emotional instability. However, the data collected have the limitations of the subject and region, and the emphasis on cross-sectional analysis and the representative of the various emotions to verify the negative effects of emotional labor, and the problem of securing reliability related to the adjustment focus verification are the limitations of the research.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.36
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• pp.7-28
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• 2013

In Korea, the size of the private security industry has grown rapidly since the enactment of the Security Business Act in 1976. Unfortunately, the quantitative development has not been accompanied by the comparable qualities, and this shortcoming can be attributed to different unethical incidents caused by the private security officers. This study examined the causal relationship between the organizational characteristics according to the organizational ethics and the organizational citizenship behavior to provide suggestions to promote the ethics of the private security officers, and ultimately play the role of a theoretical foundation for the qualitative advancement of the industry. Private security officers in Seoul and the Gyeonggi province in Korea were studied by using the purposive sampling method and the following results were obtained. First, except for the altruism factor, the levels of organizational ethics perceptions and organizational citizenship behavior of the subjects were relatively high. Moreover, organizational characteristics had a positive partial effect on organizational ethics and organizational citizenship behavior. Furthermore, organizational ethics partially affected organizational citizenship behavior in a positive way, and organizational ethics had a partial mediation effect between organizational characteristics and organizational citizenship behavior. With the results of the analyses, development and management of the ethics training and programs and promoting the ethics among the executives were recommended as a future direction.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.15-40
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• 1999

To assess the university health service organization(UHSO) and its school health programs a questionnaire survey for all of 186 four-year colleges in Korea was conducted from December 1. 1998 to March 31. 1999. The response rate was 91.9 percent(171 universities). The UHSO was established in 116 universities(67.8%L The most common name of UHSO. used in 61 universities(52.6%). was school health center. Only 45(38.8%) of the 116 universities surveyed had a committee to support and run the UHSO. The percentage of universities that had committee was higher in national universities and those with a large number of students. The average number of staff working in the UHSO was 3.5; 4.6 in national universities; and 7.1 in universities with more than 15.000 students. There were 43 universities(37.1%) which had a part-time physician and 104 universities (89. 7%) had full-time nurses. Only 4 universities(3.4%) had a independent facility for the UHSO while most of UHSO were housed in other building. The UHSO had an independent budget in 86 universities(74.1%). The average budget per university was 46.890.000 won: private universities had more budget with 59.170.000 won on average than national universities with 36.990.000 won. The average budget allocated per student was 4.362 won. A regular physical examination was performed in 72 universities(62.1%). The percentage of university that performed regular physical examination was higher in private universities than in national universities. Health counseling was performed in 113 universities(97.4%) and vaccinations in 87 universities(75.0%). Medical care services were performed in 87 universities(75.0%). and the private universities and those with over 10.000 students provided the student with more services. Environmental sanitation was executed in 73 universities(62.9%) and health education was conducted in 68 universities(58.6%)' The school health management activities were promoted in 104 universities(89.7%) out of 116 universities with UHSO. Only 12 universities(10.3%) published reports on the achievements and performance of the UHSO. Only 29 universities(25.0%) had a continuing education for employees of the UHSO.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.7
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• pp.332-346
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• 2022

Digital transformation represents one of the main obstacles facing several government, private, and non-profit sectors that help stabilize digital transformation in the Arabic region. One of the helpful ways to improve the level of freedom, productivity, and flexibility among employees to accept the BYOD approach is using their own devices to perform their work both in and outside the workplace. This study focuses to present the differences between the main three economic sectors, which represent the most important pillars of the economy in Saudi Arabia within the Kingdom's Vision 2030. BYOD also has great importance to the stakeholders for raising their awareness by expressing the implications, if the concept of BYOD is widely and correctly adopted. The study uses the diffusion of innovation (DOI) framework and quantitative analysis data to determine the main dimensions and important factors that help increase the awareness of the target audience. The number of participants in this study was 830, and the participants are mixing between the government, private, and non-profit sectors. The main findings showed a significant impact of several factors such as the importance of knowledge, ease of use, employee satisfaction, risk awareness, and attention to increase the level of acceptance in three main sectors study for using the BYOD approach widespread and professional use.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.39
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• pp.161-183
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• 2014

The job burnout of the private security guards who provide services through contact with customers can affect the overall the private security industry. So the managers need to make efforts to diagnose and evaluate the job burnout and provide continuous provision for the repatriation effect. However, up to the present, the job burnout measure for the private security guards has not been provided, so the objectivity of the information is questionable. For this reason, in order to establish the goodness of fit of the job burnout scale for private security guards based on the contents of the job burnout scale that was being provided to other service employees, this research aims to provide the scale to provide objective information compared with that of the past by applying the Rasch model of the item response theory. To achieve this purpose, the data on 379 private security guards working for the private security guard companies in the Gyeonggi region were collected, and the data were processed to suit the research purpose using SPSS 18.0 and AMOS 18.0, Winsteps programs. Through these research procedures, the following conclusion was obtained. With regard to the private security guards' measure of job burnout, as a result of factor analysis through the collected data, 4 questions were deleted, and as a result of the analysis of the goodness of the fit based on 18 questions, 4 questions were found to be inappropriate questions that did not satisfy the standard value, and the scope of the difficulty level of the questions from - 98 to 1.30 and the response reaction of a 5-point scale were found to suit the final private security guards' job burnout scale. In other words, the conclusion that it is appropriate to measure the private security guards job burnout scale with 3 factors and 13 questions was obtained. So if private security guards companies collect systematic data using the scale established in this research, and practice refresher training accordingly, they can reduce the private security guards' job burnout.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.85-122
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• 2001

This study compared and analyzed the effect of income-redistribution, collecting data on the basis of the estimated details of insurance contribution and individual money wage lists for each one year before and after the combination of medical insurance program for industrial workers, by systematic sampling, extracting 4,160 families(14,764 people) among people applied to medical insurance program for self employees in Taegu City on the basis of Oct. 1st in 1998 with 227 associations of medical insurance program for self employees and medical insurance program for government employees and private school teachers combined, comparing the effect of income redistribution of before and after the combination of medical insurance program for self employees. The insurance contribution by household after the combination of medical insurance program for self employees showed the increase rate of average 20.9%, among them households of 68.8% increased and 31.2% decreased. The effect of income-redistribution was more positive because the degree of inequality was more deepened from 0.64 of the before-combination to 0.45 of the after-one in decile distribution ratio, from 0.26 to 0.34 in Gini -coefficient. Decile distribution ratio on the basis of insurance benefits by household was from 0.09 in the before-combination to 0.14 in the after-one, Gini-coefficient from 0.16 in the before-combination to 0.57 in the after-one was a little lowered. And decile distribution ratio of insurance benefits on the basis of insurance contribution was higher from 1.08 in the before-combination to 1.23 in the after-one, concentration index was a little lowered from 0.14 to 0.11, the effect of income-redistribution was improved in the phase of insurance benefits. The income-transfer rate of medical insurance program for self employees (the occupied rate of insurance benefits/ the occupied rate of insurance contribution) showed a lower trend in all of the before and after-combination towards upper classes, it was known that the income-transfer rate was higher from 1st degree to 7th degree in the after-combination in comparison with the before-one, but the effect of income¬redistribution was high because the income-transfer rate was lowered from 8th degree to 10th degree. The rate of medical insurance benefits (insurance benefits/ insurance contribution) increased from 0.79 in the before-combination to 1.07 in the after-one, and showed over 1.0 under 3th degree before the combination, but all of it was higher than 1.0 under 7th degree after the combination, the after-combination was more improved than the before-one in view of the rate of insurance benefits. As the result of above, on the basis of Oct. 1st in 1998 that 227 associations of medical insurance program for self employees was combined into one, we could say that the equality of imposing medical insurance contribution was more re-considered in the after-combination than in the before-one. But this study analyzed with classes divided, anyway, on the basis of insurance contribution, we have limit in explaining the correct effect of income-redistribution, because it was not analyzed according to classes of income, though it helps to analogize the effect of income-redistribution. So there must be analysis about the effect of income-redistribution, on the basis of the system, building up the system to grasp the correct income of the insureds of medical insurance program for self employees.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.936-949
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• 2023

On August 3, 2023, a brutal incident of unprovoked violence, termed as "Abnormal motivated crime," occurred in a multi-use facility, where retail and transportation facilities converge, near Seohyeon Station. The assailant drove onto the sidewalk, hitting pedestrians, and then entered a department store where a knife rampage ensued, resulting in a total of 14 victims. In the aftermath of this incident, numerous murder threats were posted on social media, causing widespread anxiety among the public. This fear was further exacerbated by the emergence of a "Terrorless.01ab.net" service. Purpose: This research aims to explore necessary institutional improvements for private security personnel who protect customers and employees in multi-use facilities, to enable them to perform their duties more effectively. Method: To assess the risk of Abnormal motivated crime, a time series analysis using the ARIMA model was conducted to analyze the domestic trends of such crimes. Additionally, Result: the study presents suggestions for improvements in the domestic security service law and emergency manuals for multi-use facilities. Conclusion: This is informed by a legal analysis of the indemnity rights for weapon use by private security guards abroad and their operational authority beyond weapon usage.