• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.25 no.12
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• pp.1904-1913
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• 2021

With the proliferation of smart phones and the development of IoT technology, it has become possible to collect personal data for public purposes. However, users are afraid of voluntarily providing their private data due to privacy issues. To remedy this problem, mainly three techniques have been studied: data disturbance, traditional encryption, and homomorphic encryption. In this work, we perform simulations to compare them in terms of accuracy, message length, and computation delay. Experiment results show that the data disturbance method is fast and inaccurate while the traditional encryption method is accurate and slow. Similar to traditional encryption algorithms, the homomorphic encryption algorithm is relatively effective in privacy preserving because it allows computing encrypted data without decryption, but it requires high computation costs as well. However, its main cost, arithmetic operations, can be processed in parallel. Also, data analysis using the homomorphic encryption needs to do decryption only once at any number of data.

• Korea Science and Art Forum
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• v.36
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• pp.391-400
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• 2018

To ensure a user-centered treatment environment, hospital construction needs an approach that is not centered on functional aspects such as efficiency or economic feasibility but on the consideration of needs as reflected in user psychology and behavior. Patients who are physically and psychologically vulnerable experience psychological pressure when they are placed in an unfamiliar environment. Most of existing studies however focus on the evaluation of the physical environment, without paying attention to the psychological or behavioral approach to anxiety and stress that patients may experience in a special environment that a hospital may be to them. This study examines general hospital inpatients to understand the usage of major space available and their satisfaction with privacy. This study provides useful primary information needed for the user-centered design of general hospital for improved patient health and welfare. For the purpose of the study, literature review, site investigation, and survey were conducted. Major functional space and privacy in general hospitals were studied, and the site investigation was performed to identify the plans and their status. Survey was also performed to understand the usage of functional space and satisfaction with such space usage as well as satisfaction with privacy. The findings were as follows: (1) Space usage was rated as average in general. It was found that patients used their rooms and lobby on a daily basis. By age, the usage was highest in the group in their 40s; the usage was relatively lower in the groups in their 30s or younger. (2) Space satisfaction was above average, indicating that patients were fairly satisfied. Satisfaction was highest in the lobby space designed with distinct features. By case, satisfaction was highest in Case B, characterized by its wide horizontal space in the rural settings. (3) Satisfaction with privacy in hospital was average, indicating that the demand for privacy was relatively higher but what patients receive in return was lower than their expectation. It was also found that satisfaction with privacy was a crucial element that affected the overall satisfaction with hospital.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.199-206
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• 2020

I suggested the design learning environment based on affordance concept approach for supporting and improving learners' behavior and outcome for convergent design education in this study. The design learning space should be applied teaching and learning activity, especially learners' behavior, physical space condition to support the design thinking process. The design learning space needs openness, individuality and connectivity to support the learners' behavioral to immerse, participate, cooperate, understand, think and fulfill the design thinking process. The composition principles of the learning environment for convergent design education supports communication and collaboration among members for independence and interaction. The spaces for design research and teaching needs high privacy while facilitating visual communications through special materials and wall structure design. Also, for connectivity to improve the learners' physical and visual contact, the environment of the classrooms requires flexibility and mobility by providing an open space integrating unit cells for realizing learning purpose. These are provided by formed of an open structure for inducing visual communication and physical contact to involve the design activities and the mutual interchange.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.14 no.5 s.52
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• pp.18-25
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• 2005

This study examined the current space usage of postpartum care center and postpartum mother's assessment of postpartum care center. This study was conducted questionnaire web survey. 220 women who used postpartum care center were surveyed. The data were analyzed by using SPSS Program for Win 12.0. Frequency, percentage, mean were used. The major findings were as follows: The postpartum care center was consisted of 5 areas such as living area, sanitary area, public area, service area and administration area. Living and public area were mainly occupied, but service area was insufficient. The users showed high satisfaction with mother room, and low satisfaction with nursing room and shower room. The users complained of size of mother room, collaboration with others in shower room and toilet. The users wanted guest meeting room for users' privacy of living room. The users wanted service area such as massage room, fitness room, physical care roon.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.88-91
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• 2004

The aim of this study was to grasp demands of residents about floor plans. This study grasped needs of residents through small group workshop that is composed of housewives. The data from this was analyzed by the side of human behavior in residence space privacy, private space, territoriality, intimacy or social interaction, delightfulness. the major findings are as follows; floor plans of apartment separate of private and public space evidently. But each space has to have possible of extension and combination. It is supported by systematical storage and variable wall system.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.10-14
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• 2012

When tag privacy is required in radio frequency identification (ID) system, a reader needs to identify, and optionally authenticate, a multitude of tags without revealing their IDs. One approach for identification with lightweight tags is that each tag performs pseudo-random function with his unique embedded key. In this case, a reader (or a back-end server) needs to perform a brute-force search for each tag-reader interaction, whose cost gets larger when the number of tags increases. In this paper, we suggest a simple and efficient identification technique that reduces readers computation to $O$(${\sqrt{N}}$ log$N$) without increasing communication cost. Our technique is based on the well-known "meet-in-the-middle" strategy used in the past to attack symmetric ciphers.

• IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing and Computing
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.95-105
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• 2012

The widespread implementation of RFID in ubiquitous computing is constrained considerably by privacy and security unreliability of the wireless communication channel. This failure to satisfy the basic, security needs of the technology has a direct impact of the limited computational capability of the tags, which are essential for the implementation of RFID. Because the universal application of RFID means the use of low cost tags, their security is limited to lightweight cryptographic primitives. Therefore, EPCGen2, which is a class of low cost tags, has the enabling properties to support their communication protocols. This means that satisfying the security needs of EPCGen2 could ensure low cost security because EPCGen2 is a class of low cost, passive tags. In that way, a solution to the hindrance of low cost tags lies in the security of EPCGen2. To this effect, many lightweight authentication protocols have been proposed to improve the privacy and security of communication protocols suitable for low cost tags. Although many EPCgen2 compliant protocols have been proposed to ensure the security of low cost tags, the optimum security has not been guaranteed because many protocols are prone to well-known attacks or fall short of acceptable computational load. This paper proposes a remedy protocol to the flyweight RFID authentication protocol proposed by Burmester and Munilla against a desynchronization attack. Based on shared pseudorandom number generator, this protocol provides mutual authentication, anonymity, session unlinkability and forward security in addition to security against a desynchronization attack. The desirable features of this protocol are efficiency and security.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.11
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• pp.877-884
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• 2013

As the Cloud Computing services are growing fast in the world, the number of Cloud Computing service users are being increased enormously in China. Studies on Intention-to-Use have been one of the interesting topics in the field of marketing. In this paper we investigate the factors influencing the intention-to-use of Cloud Computing services in China. Our research model is based on Technology Acceptance Model and includes 'privacy', 'information needs', 'service types', 'service appropriation', 'system quality', and 'system security'. We surveys the Chinese Cloud Computing service users and analyzes with Structural Equation Model. The results show that 'privacy', 'service appropriation', 'system quality', and 'system security' give positive effects to 'intention-to-use'. However, 'information needs' and 'service types' does not give positive effects.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.24 no.6 s.84
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• pp.33-45
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to find the characteristics of the housing needs of apartment purchasers in derision-making steps. The survey was took place from June to July, 2003 in the Daegu area. The data were collected from 1,187 married women using questionnaires and reponses were analyzed by SPSS Window Program. The results were as follows : 1. In the phase when housing problems are recognized the motives for moving were related to the floor space of the housing unit and the residential environment. 2. In the phase of acquiring information on apartments, the basis of the informations was mostly collected through conversations at model houses, from relatives, experts and real estate agents. 3. In the phase of considering alternative plans for apartment purchases, the factors considered were convenient interior space composition and educational environment for children. 4. In the phase of apartment purchase, the important factors was input from relatives and experts. 5. In the phase of post-purchase evaluation most discontent was related to privacy issues, interior space composition, and educational environment for children.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.23 no.4 s.76
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• pp.67-77
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to identify housing attributes that make residents feel 'at home' in ALFs in Southwest Virginia. For this purpose, residents' needs, experiences, and opinions of the physical environment, the social environment and the organizational environments such as policies and programs of ALFs were identified. As a multi-case study, five ALFs in Southwest Virginia were studied using constant comparative methods of data analysis. In addition to face-to-face interviews with 25 residents and 5 administrators of five ALFs, observations were conducted with personal journal. Each facility was designed to be a single-family house or multi-family dwelling in outside appearance. Most of the respondents were satisfied with their current dwelling as a 'home' in terms of homelike attributes such as 'autonomy/ privacy', personalization,' safety and security,' services and care,' independence,' social interaction/friendship,' family support,' and 'rules and regulations.' In spite of high satisfaction with the facility, however, many people did not think of their current dwelling as a real 'home'. As the biggest difference between living in their own homes and living in the ALF, people feinted out a lack of independence and social interaction. Residents of ALFs may have reordered their priorities in their current life situation so that safety, security, and caie were more important to them than fooling "at home."