• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.673-687
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• 2005

We investigate both the design-based and model-based inferences, which are usual inferential methods in survey sampling. While the design-based inference is on the basis of randomization principle, The motel-based inference is based on likelihood principle as well as conditionality principle. There have been some disputes between two inferences for a long time and those have not yet been determined. In this paper we reviewed some issues on two inferences and compared their advantages and disadvantages in some viewpoints.

• Journal of National Security and Military Science
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• s.7
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• pp.129-154
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• 2009

The principles of military operations(principles of war) are the fundamental principles ruling warfighting that made based on the experiences of wars from the time of ancient Greeks to the World War II. Recent wars such as Iraq War showed us the change of environment of war and the style of waging a war. It is believed that future war will be executed with the style of Rapid Deceive Operations, Effect Based Operations, Network Centric Operations. Therefor the principles of war which we use should be reconsidered whether it is useful or not in future warfare. By considering the present principles of operation which are using in many countries and analysing the style of waging future war, we suggest new principles of operations : principle of gravity, principle of mass and dispersal, principle of disturbance, principle of speed, principle of paralysis, principle of synchronization and integration, principle of leadership, and principle of information.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems Conference
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• 2003.09b
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• pp.80-83
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• 2003

In this note, a separation principle of the Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy-model-based controller/observer is investigated. The separation principle of T-S fuzzy-model-based controller/observer sharing the premise parts in the fuzzy rule with directly measurable premise variables is well established. In that case, the fact that the augmented observer-based control system has the eigenvalues of the sub-closed-loop control system by the state-feedback controller and the sub-closed-loop observer error system is used to prove the separation principle. This paper studies the separation principle of T-S fuzzy-model-based controller/observer in which the premise variables cannot be directly measurable.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.362-371
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• 2009

The key technology for developing high quality LCDs is about manufacturing BLUs with homogeneous dot distributions. Commonly, homogeneous dot distributions are obtained by the halftoning methods which convert a gray-scale image to a binary image. Among many halftoning algorithms, the error-diffusion technique based on the principle distance is known to show homogeneous dot distributions. However, this technique has a drawback; the extent of the principle distance at each pixel with respect to those of the neighboring pixels can be too small or big creating a gap or overlap. In this paper, we propose a new error diffusion algorithm based on the variable principle distance which improves the existing error diffusion technique based on the principle distance. The variable principle distance at a given pixel is calculated with gray-scale values of the pixel and its neighbors and thus the principle distance value is variable depending on the direction from that pixel. This variable principle distance technique helps BLUs obtain homogeneous dot distributions.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.409-424
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• 2002

The historico-genetic principle has been advocated continuously, as an alternative one to the traditional deductive method of teaching and learning mathematics, by Clairaut, Cajori, Smith, Klein, Poincar$\'{e}$, La Cour, Branford, Toeplitz, etc. since 18C. And recently we could find various studies in relation to the historico-genetic principle. Lakatos', Freudenthal's, and Brousseau's are representative in them. But they are different from the previous historico- genetic principle in many aspects. In this study, the previous historico- genetic principle is called as classical historico- genetic principle and the other one as modern historico-genetic principle. This study shows that the differences between them arise from the historical views of mathematics and the development of the theories of mathematics education. Dewey thinks that education is a constant reconstruction of experience. This study shows the historico-genetic principle could us embody the Dewey's psycological method. Bruner's discipline-centered curriculum based on Piaget's genetic epistemology insists on teaching mathematics in the reverse order of historical genesis. This study shows the real understaning the structure of knowledge could not neglect the connection with histogenesis of them. This study shows the historico-genetic principle could help us realize Bruner's point of view on the teaching of the structure of mathematical knowledge. In this study, on the basis of the examination of the development of the historico-genetic principle, we try to stipulate the principle more clearly, and we also try to present teaching unit for the logarithm according to the historico- genetic principle.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.14 no.7
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• pp.902-906
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• 2004

A separation principle of the Takagj-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy-model-based observer-control is investigated. When the premise variables are able to be measured or directly computed from the outputs of the T-S fuzzy system and the fuzzy inference rules for the plant, control, and observer share the premise parts, the T-S fuzzy-model-based observer and the T-S fuzzy-model-based control can be separately designed such that the global stabilizability is guaranteed by the fuzzy observer-based output-feedback control. In this case, the global separation principle is well established. On the other hand, when the premise variables are unmeasurable or cannot be computed from the outputs, they should also be estimated. We examine the separation principle of this case. If the decay rates of the T-S fuzzy-model-based control and observer are sufficiently fast, the global separation is assured. Otherwise we show that the separation principle holds locally.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.183-190
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• 2022

Today's Eastern philosophers try to use the formal logic organized by Aristotle, saying that there was no logic in the East. This researcher found that Confucius and other Asians used Che-Yong logic. The Che-Yong logic is based on the Che-Yong law, which is a natural law. The Che-Yong law consists of the Che-Yong principle and the Hyeon-Mi principle. The Hyeon-Mi principle is that if there is an appearance on the outside, there is a corresponding cause in it. The Che-Yong principle is that the highest common cause of various appearances is Che, and the Che grows and changes on its own to become a Yong. Identifying Che and predicting Yong is Che-Yong logic. Here, I'd like to introduce Che-Yong logic and suggest a new research methodology to apply it.

• International Journal of Control, Automation, and Systems
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.214-222
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• 2008

Bode principle is applied to carry out traffic control for rate based ATM network, which guarantees the higher buffer utilization, buffer overflow-free, and well utilization of bandwidth. The principle confirms the relationship between the threshold of buffer queue and the network bandwidth, as well as the relationship between the threshold of buffer and source input rate. Theoretic warrant of the buffer threshold is proposed. The reference range of source input rate is provided in theory, which makes the source end respond to the change of network state rapidly and dynamically, and then the effect of time delay to the traffic control is avoided. Simulation results show that the better steady and dynamic performances of networks are obtained by Bode principle.

• The Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.71-77
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• 1995

Electrical fire in residential, commercial, and industrial areas occupies 40 percent of overall fire accidents as of the year of 1994. The causes of most electrical fires were studied and, based on this investigation, the principle of the early detection or prediction of the electrical fires is developed. The basic principle is to early detect electrical arcs or sparks caused by faulty connections and insulation failures. the structure of the prediction system based on microcontroller technique is presented.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.1097-1102
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• 2009

Classification of subjects with unknown distribution in small sample size setup may involve order-restricted constraints in multivariate parameter setups. Those problems makes optimality of conventional likelihood ratio based statistical inferences not feasible. Fortunately, Roy (1953) introduced union-intersection principle(UIP) which provides an alternative avenue. Redescending M-estimator along with that principle yields a considerably appropriate robust testing procedure. Furthermore, conditionally distribution-free test based upon exact permutation theory is used to generate p-values, even in small sample. Applications of this method are illustrated in simulated data and read data example (Lobenhofer et al., 2002)