• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.31-86
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• 1984

The educational purpose of a junior college is believed to be to effectively train and produce professional workers equipped with the knowledge and skills required in various technical fields of modern society. Since dental technology takes its share of an important role through the enhancement of people's health and the construction of a whlfare society, the prosthodontia department is imposed with a great responsibility to train highly skilled, responsible dental technicians who will meet the social demands. To attain this goal, those who are in charge of the training and education should place emphasis on the development of better educational programs. In other words, the present curriculum which is lacking in many comprehensive aspects, is not satisfactory to provide the students with the required know-how and qualities. As is known, a currculum is the detailed guidance to the efficient operation of an educational program, and that of dental technology is not an exception. In addition, dental technology requires very detailed programs in training, because it requires both diversified and comprehensive application of serveral different fields. The following are the main points to be taken into consideration in developing an effective curriculum for this department. 1. The curriculum should be gradually expanded so that the fundamental subjects will contain principal theories which can be directly applied to the specified majoring subjects. 2. An effective arrangement of time tables should be provided so that basic practice and experiments can be conducted in direct connection with the leatures on the basic theories. 3. For a creative and up-to-date curriculum to help cope with the problems in achieving the aims of technological development and scientific education, intensive and extensive studies should be done on the curricula developed in the advanced countries. 4. The specific majoring subjects should be rearranged to contain new theories which are beneficial to dental technology. As an institution which is spearheaded for ondustrial-educational cooperation, the Junior collegeis role demands that the department should make every possible effect to cultivate highly-skilled technicisns. The following suggestions are made to help work out an ideal curriculum. 1. The basic theory subjects should be selected with consideration toward closely related majoring subjects. 2. The curriculum should be efficiently operated to effectively relate theories with experiments. 3. Subject importance must be rearranged ; It has been found that the ideal proportion of cultural, elective and required subjects is 20%, 20% and 60% respectively. 4. The credit allotments should be reconsidered: The total credits required for completion should preferably be 80; 16 for the cultural and the elective subjects respectively and 48 for the required subject. 5. A Commissioned education system should be formalized for strengthening industrial educational cooperation. 6. Experiments and practice should be intensified with the support of improved laboratory facilities. 7. The training period should be expanded form the present two years to three of four years, in order to produce more highly qualified technicians.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.113-136
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• 2023

Purpose - Global production chains and their impacts on economic growth have drawn extensive attention from researchers. Close relationships among global production chains, export and economic growth have been illuminated, as evidenced by the fast and stable economic growth of East Asian economies. These economies perform various roles within global production chains using offshoring, in which the impact of import on domestic gross output is as strong as that of export. The impact of import on economic growth would depend on whether imported inputs substitute or complement domestic inputs production, which is likely to vary according to individual countries' functions within global production chains. The economic growth of concerned countries would also be diverse. However, little attention has been paid to the impact brought by imports compared to its significance. Design/methodology - The principal methodology used in this paper is structural decomposition analysis (SDA), widely chosen to elucidate the impact of various factors on domestic gross output using input-output tables. This paper extracts trade data of six Asian economies from the World Input-Output Database (WIOD) 2016 release that covers 43 countries for the period 2000-2014. The extracted data is then categorised into 37 sectors. First, this paper calculates the Feenstra-Hanson Offshoring Index (OSI) of each country. It then applies SDA to measure the changes in each economy's gross output, export, import input coefficients, and domestic input coefficients. Finally, after taking the first difference from pooled time-series data, it estimates the correlations between imported input coefficients and OSI using the ordinary least square (OLS) method. Findings - The main findings of this paper can be summarised as follows. Firstly, all six countries have increasingly engaged in global production chains, as evidenced by the growing size of OSI. Secondly, there are negative correlations in five countries except Japan, with sectoral differences. Thirdly, changes in import input coefficients are not negative in all six countries, indicating that offshoring does not necessarily substitute for domestic inputs production but does complement it and, therefore, fosters their economic growth. This is observed in China, Indonesia, Korea and Taiwan. Offshoring has led to an increase in the use of imported inputs, which has, in turn, stimulated domestic inputs production in these countries. Originality/value - While existing studies focus on the role of export in evaluating the impact of participating global production chains, this paper explicitly examines the unexplored impact of import on domestic gross output by considering both the substitution and the complementary effect, using the WIOD. The findings of this paper suggest that Asian economies have achieved fast and stable economic growth not only through successful export management but also through effective import management within global production chains. This paper recommends that the Korean government and enterprises carefully choose offshoring strategies to minimise disruption to domestic production chains or foster them.

• 정보교육학회논문지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.21-28
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• 2007

정보통신기술의 발달과 함께 교육의 역할도 크게 달라져 디지털 교육 행정을 위해 교육행정정보시스템(NEIS)을 도입하여 운영하여 왔다. 그러나 NEIS를 학교에서 운영하는데 있어 어려움이 있었던 것이 사실이다. 이에 정부는 NEIS의 27개 영역 중 교무 학사, 입 진학, 보건 등의 3개영역을 분리하여 새로운 교무업무시스템을 구축하여 운영한다는 확정안을 마련하여 2006년 3월부터 전면적으로 시행하고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 교무업무시스템의 효과적인 운영을 위한 시사점을 파악하고자 초등학교 현장에서의 시스템 운영 현황을 알아보고, 문제점을 분석하여 해결해야 할 과제를 제시하고자 하였다. 연구 결과, 교무업무시스템 사용 현황과 관련하여 약 67%의 교사들이 1일 평균 1-2회 접속하며, 시스템 사용 시 동료 교사의 도움이 가장 큰 것으로 밝혀졌다. 또한 디자인, 기능 개선 등에 대해 긍정적으로 응답하였고, 활용을 위한 편의성과 효율성에 대해 만족하였으나, 빈번한 시스템 변경으로 적응하기까지 어려움을 느끼는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 운영의 보안측면에서 전자인증서와 개인정보의 중요성에 대해 알고 관리하고 있으나, 시스템의 서버에 대한 신뢰는 낮았다. 시급히 개선해야 할 점으로 물리적 환경의 개선 및 학교 현장의 기능 개선 요구를 수용할 수 있는 열린 체계의 필요성이 지적되었다. 또한, 수기문서 감축, 전자결재 등을 통한 실제 업무경감을 이루기 위해 관련 법령의 정비, 교육행정기관의 명확한 지침, 단위 학교장의 의지 등이 필요한 것으로 밝혀졌다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제10권8호
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• pp.147-158
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• 2010

1920년대 소비에트 무성영화는 세계영화사에 있어 문화 예술적 측면에서 찬란한 번영을 일으켰다. 그 중에서도 지가 베르토프(Dziga Vertov)는 세르게이 에이젠슈테인(Sergei M. Eisenstein)과 함께 당대 소비에트 영화의 핵심적 역할을 행사한 최고의 영화이론가이자 실천가였다. 하지만 베르토프의 영화이론은 오늘날까지도 에이젠슈테인에 비해 상대적으로 잘못 인식되거나 전수된 점이 많았다. 그러나 들뢰즈는 베르토프의 영화에 나타난 쇼트 자체가 어떤 의미나 충격을 전달할 수 있으며, 다큐멘터리가 지녀야할 '진실'에 초점을 맞춰 쇼트 자체에서도 의미를 이뤄낼 수 있다고 역설했다. 그의 영화이론은 미래주의와 구성주의에 바탕을 두어 '영화-눈'이라는 방법과 '간격'이라는 이론을 통한 '영화-진실'이라는 원리 그리고 '생활 있는 그대로'의 개념으로 요약 정리된다. 따라서 본 연구는 베르토프 영화이론의 핵심인 키노아이와 간격이론 등을 중심으로 에이젠슈테인의 몽타주론과 비교하면서 들뢰즈의 이미지론을 적용하며 심도 있게 분석 조망하고자 한다. 나아가 선행연구의 미비로 인한 베르토프의 영화사적 업적을 논의하기에는 역부족일 수도 있으나, 그의 다큐멘터리 영화 표현양식에 있어 혁신적인 방법과 그의 이론을 심층적으로 연구할 것이다.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.733-744
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• 2002

The fibroblasts are the principal cells in the periodontal ligament of peridontium. As the periodontal ligament fibroblasts (PDLF) show similar phenotype with osteoblasts, the PDLF are thought to play an important role in alveolar bone remodeling. Cell-to-cell contacted signaling is crucial for osteoclast formation. Recently it has been reported that PDLJ enhance the bone resorbing activity of osteoclasts differentiated from hematopoietic preosteoclasts. The aims of this study were to $clarify\;^{1)}$ the mechanism of PDLF-induced osteoclastogenesis $and\;^{2)}$ whether we can use preosteoclast cell line instead of primary hematopoietic preosteoclast cells for studying the mechanism of PDLF-induced osteoclastogenesis. Osteoclastic differentiation of mouse macrophage cell line RAW264.7 was compared with that of mouse bone marrow-derived M-CSF dependent cell (MDBM), a well-known hematopoietic preosteoclast model, by examining, 1) osteoclast-specific gene expression such as calcitonin receptor, M-CSF receptor (c-fms), cathepsin K, receptoractivator nuclear factor kappa B (RANK) ,2) generation of TRAP(+) multinucleated cells (MNCs), and 3) generation of resorption pit on the $OAAS^{TM}$ plate. RAW264.7 cultured in the medium containing of soluble osteoclast differentiation Factor (sODF) showed similar phenotype with MDBM-derived osteoclasts, those are mRNA expression pattern of osteoclast-specific genes, TRAP(+) MNCs generation, and bone resorbing abivity. Formation of resorption pits by osteoclastic MNCs differentiated from sODF-treated RAW264.7, was completely blocked by the addition of osteoprotegerin (OPG), a soluble decoy receptor for ODF, to the sODF-containing culture me야um. The effects of PDLF on differentiation of RAW264.7 into　the TRAP(+) multinucleated osteoclast-like cells were examined using coculture system. PDLF were fxed with paraformaldehyde, followed by coculture with RAW264.7, which induced formation of TRAP(+) MNCs in the absence of additional treatment of sODF. When compared with untreated and fixed PDLF (fPDLF), IL-1 ${\beta}$-treated, or lipopolysaccha-ride-treated and then fixed PDLF showed two-folld increase in the supporting activity of osteoclastogenesis from RAW264.7 coculture system. There were no TRAP(+) MNCs formation in coculture system of RAW264.7 with PDLF of no fixation. These findigs suggested that we can replace the primary hematopoietic preosteoclasts for RAW264. 7 cell line for studying the mechanism of PDLF-induced osteoclastogenesis, and we hypothesize that PDLF control osteoclastogenesis through ODF expression which might be enhanced by inflammatory signals.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.283-288
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• 2006

건조된 벼 5 품종의 whole cell extracts로부터 $^1H$ NMR 스펙트럼 조사를 통해 다변량 통계분석법을 활용하여 벼 종자의 품종 구분이 가능함을 조사하였다. $^1H$ NMR스펙트럼 데이터에 기초한 PCA분석 결과 크게 3개의 그룹으로 구분이 이루어졌다. 즉, 상주벼가 나머지 4 품종의 벼와 크게 다르게 구분이 이루어졌으며 동진벼와 심백벼, 그리고 화만벼와 심백hetero 품종이 각각 하나의 소그룹으로 구분이 이루어졌다. 스펙트럼 영역에 있어서는 carbohydrate region이 품종에 따라 크게 달라지는 것으로 보아 탄수화물의 정량정성적 차이가 metabolic profiting에 의한 품종 구분에 중요한 역할을 하는 것으로 추론된다. 또한 $^1H$ NMR 스펙트럼 데이터에 기초하여 주요 당 화합물 (sucrose, glucose, maltose 등)의 상대적인 정량분석을 조사한 결과 상주벼의 경우 다른 벼 품종에 비해 sucrose 및 glucose 함량은 큰 차이가 없었으나 maltose 함량이 타 품종에 비해 약 2-4배 높음을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 본 연구에서 확립한 벼 종자의 whole cell extracts로부터 $^1H$ NMR 스펙트럼을 이용한 metabolic profiling 방법은 다양한 벼 종자의 신속한 품종구분은 물론 주요 carbohydrates의 간편한 정량분석 체계로 활용이 가능할 것으로 예상된다.

• 무역상무연구
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• 제55권
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• pp.209-240
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• 2012

Since the age of Lord Mansfield, who laid the foundation of the modern English insurance contract law in the second part of the 18th century, English insurance law has developed a unique rule of warranty. Lord Mansfield adopted very different approach and afforded such a strict legal character to insurance warranty, because the promise, given by the insured, played an important role for the insurer to assess the scope of the risk insured at that time. It is still important that the insured keep his promises strictly to the insurer under the insurance contract, but legal environments have changed dramatically since the times of Lord Mansfield. English Law Commission proposed some proposals for reforming the warranty regime to reflect the changes of legal environment in CP 2007. This article is, therefore, designed to examine the proposals and consider their legal and practical implications. The proposals of Law Commission is summarized as following. First, in CP 2007, Law Commission made two principal proposals for reform of the law on warranty. The first is that the insurer should not be entitled to rely on a breach of warranty unless the insured has been provided with a witten statement of what they have undertaken under warranty. The second is that the insurer should not be entitled to reject a claim on the ground that the insured has breached a warranty unless there was a causal connection between the breach and the loss. Secondly, for consumer insurance, the rule requiring a causal connection would be mandatory, whereas for business insurance, it would be possible for the parties to agree on the effect a breach of warranty should have, provided they use clear language to express their intentions. Thirdly, where the insured contracted on the insurer's written standard terms of business, some statutory controls would be afforded to the contract to ensure that the cover was not substantially different from what the insured reasonably expected. Finally, Law Commission propose that a breach of warranty give the insurer the right to terminate the contract, rather than automatically discharging it from liability, but (unless otherwise agreed) only if the breach has sufficiently serious consequences to justify termination under the general law of contract. Having evaluated the proposals of the Law Commission and considered their legal and practical implications, it is quite clear that the proposed rule interfere with freedom of contract and create legal uncertainty. But change can not made without any victims, so Law Commission's attempt to change severe and injust aspects of the warranty regime would be very welcomed and respected.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.669-673
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• 1992

알칼리금속이온(Li^+, Na^+, K^+, Rb^+, and Cs^+)과 아미드기를 포함하는 피리디노아자 크라운 화합물인 DBPDA와 PDA의 착물형성에 대한 안정도상수, K를 전기 전도도법을 이용하여 여러 온도에서 측정하였다. 각 온도에서 K값은 DBPDA의 경우 Cs^+ > K^+ > Rb^+ > Li^+ > Na^+의 순서였으며, PDA의 경우는 Cs^+ > K^+ > Rb^+ > Li^+ > Na^+이었다. 또한 DBPDA가 PDA보다 이들 알칼리 금속 이온에서 더 큰 K값을 보여주었다. 넓은 의미를 갖는 "Hole-Size-Selectivity" 원리에 이들 착물은 적용되지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 온도 변화에 따른 K값으로부터 {\delta}H와 T{\delta}S를 각각 구했으며, 이들 반응들은 엔탈피 기여에 따르는 착물형성반응으로 나타났다. 그러나 PDA의 경우 부분적인 엔트로피 항의 증가도 착물의 형성에 기여함을 알았다.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제15권11호
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• pp.83-93
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• 2017

Purpose - The study aims to analyze the VMD(Visual Merchandising) perception factors in recent sporting goods store and clarify the effect of each VMD perception factors on brand image, satisfaction, and customer revisit intention. The VMD perception factors play an important role in attracting and actually inducing sales to the visiting customers. It has investigated the effect of VMD perception on customer satisfaction and revisit intention. It is expected that the company's marketing strategy with VMD will be differentiated and competitive in sports item stores, brand image enhancement, customer retention, and acquisition. Research design, data, and methodology - In order to verify the hypotheses of this study, a total of 380 questionnaires had been distributed. 360 respondents were used in the final analysis excluding 20 respondents' incomplete answers. The SPSS 18.0 program was used and the data analysis was conducted for the demographic characteristics and distribution behavior. Principal Components Analysis was used for the common factor extraction for validity analysis, and factor analysis was conducted to verify such as validity in brand image or brand attitude. As for Multiple regression analysis, was performed to verify and in the research model, and in and , the mediation was defined through the Sobel Test in order to verify the brand image mediating effects on VMD, store satisfaction, and revisit inquiry of sports store. Results - Qualitative research shows that VMD sub-variables such as aesthetic, fitness, and functional convenience influence store satisfaction and revisit intention. As a result of analyzing the mediating effect of the brand image, the more VMD is strengthened, the more brand image is improved and store satisfaction is also increased. Conclusions - VMD enhancement requires a VMD strategy aligned with the company's management policies and objectives, a visual directing and consistent concept that delivers a strong message to customers. The customer actual purchasing behavior is a combination of various factors such as sports item stores' interior design, display, advertisement promotion like POP(Point of Purchase), salespersons and their service quality, so that the VMD image and the brand image must be consistent and a unique strategic plan is required.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.89-101
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to investigate the needs of educators, learners and parents in elementary schools for implementing a systematic nutrition education program by nutrition teachers to begin in 2006. The subjects were 833 dietitians, 808 principals, 3,141 teachers, 7,577 students and 6,003 parents in elementary schools. A fairly large proportion of the principals (98.4%), teachers (95.5%), parents (96.6%) and students (62.8%) responded that nutrition education is urgently needed. Every dietitian, principal and teacher has recognized that for the enforcement of a nutrition program in the future, the placement of one nutrition teacher in every school is needed without a moment's delay. Many subjects responded that elementary low grades are the most proper time for nutrition education for students and it is also needed to extend this not only to students, but also parents and teachers who have a direct influence on them. In the education hour, they responded that it is proper one hour a month for teachers and one hour a week for students. Fifty-six percent of dietitians, 58.3% of principals and 67.0% of teachers responded that the best educational way to heighten the effect of nutrition education was education through discretional activities. It was found that 46.4% of students have wanted nutrition education to be enforced during special activities. Education through their school homepage or in-school broadcasting system, while it has been most utilized, was low in a degree of preference with 10.9%. In regards to a nutrition program, principals and parents have attached much importance to the dining etiquette, dietary attitudes, and relations of foodstuffs with health, while dietitians and teachers have made much of a balanced eating habit, and the relations of dietary life with health. Finally, for a nutrition program to be enforced towards a direction that the educators and students want, it is judged that first of all the role of nutrition teachers is the most important, furthermore the support of manpower and the budget should be made.