• 한국원자력학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국원자력학회 1995년도 추계학술발표회논문집(1)
• /
• pp.429-436
• /
• 1995

This paper describes a methodology for determination of representative CANDU feeder geometry and the pressure drops between inlet/outlet header and fuel channel in the primary loop. A code, MEDOC, was developed based on this methodology and helps perform a calculation of equivalent feeder geometry for a selected channel group on the basis of feeder geometry data (fluid volume, mass flow rate, loss factor) and given property data pressure, quality, density) at inlet/outlet header. The equivalent feeder geometry calculated based on this methodology will be useful fur the transient thermohydraulic analysis of the primary heat transport system for the CANDU heavy water-cooled pressure tube reactor.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한전기학회 2004년도 하계학술대회 논문집 B
• /
• pp.1370-1372
• /
• 2004

At present. distance relay and ${\Delta}I$ current increment relay are used as primary and secondary protection in the AC feeder system. However. electric railway vehicles according to power electronic's development had developed resistance control, thyristor phase control and PWM control system. and operation of train is increasing in a feeder section. Therefore this paper analyzes the load characteristics and situation of relay's maloperation caused by load current increase, harmonics, regenerative braking current and operation of the different vehicles in same feeder section. Based on this analysis. this paper proposes consideration items for relay correction and advanced adaptive relay that can change operation area according to load current.

• 한국동물생명공학회지
• /
• 제35권1호
• /
• pp.65-72
• /
• 2020

Fish ovarian germline stem cells (OGSCs) that have the abilities to self-renew and differentiate into functional gametes can be used in various researches and applications. A main issue to be solved for effective utilization of fish OGSCs is the development of their stable in vitro culture condition, but only few researches about fish OGSC culture have been reported so far. In this study, in order to find the clues to develop the culture condition for OGSCs from Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes), we tried to establish somatic cell lines as a candidate for the feeder cells and evaluated its supporting effects on the culture of ovarian cell populations from O. latipes. As the results, the somatic cell lines could be established only from the embryonic tissues among three tissues derived from embryos, fins and ovaries. Three embryonic cell lines were tested as a feeder cell for the culture of ovarian cell population and all three cell lines induced cell aggregation formation of the cultured ovarian cells whereas the feeder-free condition did not. Furthermore, a significant cellular proliferation was observed in the ovarian cells cultured on two of three cell lines. As a trial to increase the capacity of the cell lines as a feeder cell that supports the proliferation of the cultured ovarian cells, we subsequently established a stable line that expresses the foreign O. latipes fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) from an embryonic cell line and evaluated its effectiveness as a feeder cell. The ovarian cells cultured on FGF2 expressing feeder cells still formed cell aggregates but did not show a significant increase in cellular proliferation compared to those cultured on non-transformed feeder cells. The results from this study will provide the fundamental information for in vitro culture of medaka OGSCs.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제16권8호
• /
• pp.1102-1107
• /
• 2003

The ES cell can provide a useful system for studying differentiation and development in vitro and a powerful tool for producing transgenic animalds. To investigate the culture condition of chicken embryonic stem (CES) cells which can retain their multipotentiality or totipotency, three kinds of feeder layer cells, SNL cells, primary mice embryonic fibroblasts (PMEF) cells and primary chicken embryonic fibroblasts (PCEF) cells, were used as the feeder cells in media of DMEM supplemented with leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and stem cell factor (SCF) for co-culture with blastoderm cells from stage X embryos of chicken. The alkaline phosphatase (AKP) test, differentiation experiment in vitro and chimeric chicken production were carried out. The results showed that culture on feeder layer of PMEF yielded high quality CES cell colonies. The typical CES cells clone shape revealed as follows: nested aggregation (clone) with clear edge and round surface as well as close arrangement within the clone. Strong alkaline phosphatase (AKP) reactive cells were observed in the fourth passage cells. On the other hand, the fourth passage CES cells could differentiate into various cells in the absence of feeder layer cells and LIF in vitro. The third and fourth passage cells were injected into the subgerminal cavity of recipient embryos at stage X. Of 269 Hailan embryos injected with CES cells of Shouguang Chickens, 8.2% (22/269) survived to hatching, 5 feather chimeras had been produced. This suggests that an effective culture system established in this study can promote the growth of CES cells and maintain them in the state of undifferentiated and development, which lays a solid foundation for the application of CES cells and may provide an alternative tool for genetic modification of chickens.

• 한국압력기기공학회 논문집
• /
• 제6권1호
• /
• pp.78-82
• /
• 2010

The feeder pipe of Main Primary Heat Transfer System in Wolsong Nuclear Power Plant was inspected by the Ultrasonic Phase Array technique in 2010. It is the first time to apply this method to the construction at Nuclear Power Plant in Korea. The time required for UT technique is less than RT method. The UT method doesn't need to evacuate personnel who works nearby inspecting area and doesn't need to wait developing of film. For these reasons, the UT method is the fastest method among the volumetric inspections. As a result of the examination, it became clear that main defect of the feeder pipe is the Lack of fusion in the welded area. Moreover, the rate of defect was reduced gradually as improvement of welder's skill. If welding machine has problem, the defect has tended to same pattern(occurred same position in the welding area) but these defects were founded without specific rules. For these reasons, the creation of defect is dependent on the skill of worker not on the automatic welding machine. This evaluation of defect signal and collecting data would be useful to further examination in ISI.

• International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
• /
• 제12권3호
• /
• pp.296-304
• /
• 2011

In order to design a shear coaxial injector of solid particles with water, basic experiments on a particle laden jet are necessary. The purpose of the present study is to understand the effect of particle loading ratio on the particle spray characteristics (i.e. spreading angle, distribution of particle number density, velocity profiles, and particle developing region length). Hydro-reactive Al2O3 particles with a primary particle diameter of 35~50 ${\mu}m$ are used in this experiment. An automated particle feeder was designed to supply constant particle mass flowrates. Air is used as the carrier gas. To determine the air velocity at the orifice exit, tracers (aluminum oxide, 0.5~2 ${\mu}m$ primary diameter) are also supplied by a tracer feeder. A plain orifice type injector with 3 mm diameter, and 20 mm length was adopted. Particle image velocimetry is used to measure the mean and fluctuating velocity components along the axial and radial directions.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한전기학회 1999년도 추계학술대회 논문집 학회본부 A
• /
• pp.267-269
• /
• 1999

One of the main jobs of the operators is to make it sure to have a service continuity in a fault situation. This paper proposes a restoration index which indicates the restoration capability of the feeder in case of a fault. A necessary and sufficient condition for a feeder to have 100% restoration of the outage is also described.

• 한국어류학회지
• /
• 제26권4호
• /
• pp.349-354
• /
• 2014

필리핀 일로일로 주변해역에 출현하는 몽치다래(Auxis rochei)의 위내용물 조성을 연구하기 위하여 2013년 12월에서 2014년 5월까지 매월 채집하였으며 채집된 몽치다래의 총 개체수는 200개체였다. 이들의 가랑이체장(FL)은 11.1~31.2 cm의 범위를 보였다. 위내용물을 분석한 결과 몽치다래는 어류(fishes)를 가장 선호하는 epipelagic feeder로 나타났다. 어류 다음으로 중요한 먹이생물은 새우류(shirmps), 요각류(copepods), 게유생 (crab larvae), 단각류 (amphipods), 두족류 (cephalopods)로 나타났으며, 갯가재류 (stomatopods), 이매패류 (bivalves), 패충류(ostracods) 등도 섭식하였지만 그 양은 많지 않았다. 몽치다래의 섭식패턴에 대한 도해적방법의 결과는 몽치다래가 좁은 섭식폭을 가지며, 어류를 주로 섭식하는 specialized feeder임을 보였다. 모든 크기군에서 어류를 주로 섭식하였으며, 크기가 증가함에 따라 어류의 섭식비율이 증가하는 경향을 보였다.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
• /
• 제32권2호
• /
• pp.133-147
• /
• 2005

Objectives: This study was carried out to establish human embryonic stem cells derived from frozen-thawed embryos using mouse embryonic fibroblasts (mEFs), human fetal skin and muscle fibroblasts as feeder cells, and to identify the characteristic of embryonic stem cells. Methods: When primary mEFs, human fetal skin and muscle fibroblasts were prepared, passaging on 4 days from replating could have effective trypsinization and clear feeder layers. Eight of 23 frozenthawed 4~8 cell stage embryos donated from consenting couples developed to blastocysts. Inner cell mass (ICM) was isolated by immunosurgery. ICM was co-cultured on mEFs, human fetal skin or muscle fibroblasts. The ICM colonies grown on mEFs, human fetal skin or muscle fibroblasts were tested the expression of stage specific embryonic antigen-3, -4 (SSEA-3, -4), octamer binding transcription factor-4 mRNA (Oct-4) and alkaline phosphatase surface marker. Results: We obtained 1 ICM colony from 2 ICM co-cultured on mEFs as feeder cells and did not obtain any ICM colony from 6 ICM clumps co-cultured on human fetal skin or muscle fibroblasts. The colony formed on mEFs could be passaged 30 times every 5 days with sustaining undifferentiated colony appearance. When the colonies cultured on mEFs were grown on human fetal skin or muscle fibroblasts, the colonies could be passaged 15 times every 9 days with sustaining undifferentiated colony appearance. The colonies grown on mEFs and human fetal fibroblasts expressed SSEA-4 and alkaline phosphatase surface markers and positive for the expression of Oct-4 by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The produced embryoid body differentiated spontaneously to neural progenitorlike cells, neuron-like cells and beating cardiomyocyte-like cells, and frozen-thawed embryonic stem cells displayed normal 46,XX karyotype. Conclusions: The human embryonic stem cells can be established by using mEFs and human fetal fibroblasts produced in laboratory as feeder cells.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제20권11호
• /
• pp.239-249
• /
• 2019

최근, 정부는 신재생에너지전원을 확대하는 정책을 시행하고 있으며, 이에 따라 다수의 대용량 태양광전원이 배전계통에 활발하게 연계되고 있는 실정이다. 하지만, 이러한 태양광전원이 배전계통에 연계되는 경우, 역조류 현상에 의하여 수용가 전압이 규정전압범위를 벗어날 가능성이 있다. 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위하여, 배전계통에서 태양광전원의 수용성을 향상시키기 위한 연구가 활발히 이루어지고 있다. 따라서, 본 논문에서는 선로절체에 의한 태양광전원의 수용성 향상을 위하여, 배전계통 상용해석 프로그램인 PSCAD/EMTDC를 이용하여, 3분할 3연계로 구성된 배전계통의 모델링을 제시하고, 태양광전원을 최대한 수용할 수 있는 선로절체 평가알고리즘을 제시한다. 또한, 배전선로 절체 구간 및 태양광전원 연계 용량 등의 다양한 운용 시나리오에 기반하여, 변압기 2차측 직하 수용가전압을 규정전압범위 이내로 유지하는 최대 태양광전원 용량을 산정하기 위하여 최적의 선로절체 구간을 산정한다. 제안한 배전계통의 수용성 평가알고리즘과 모델링을 바탕으로 수용가전압 특성을 분석한 결과, 대용량 태양광전원이 연계된 배전선로를 용량의 여유가 남아있는 선로와 절체하여 재구성하게 되면, 더 많은 용량의 태양광전원의 연계가 가능하여, 본 논문의 유용성을 확인하였다.