• 상하수도학회지
• /
• 제20권4호
• /
• pp.527-534
• /
• 2006

Demand side management(DSM) is the newly raised issues in the water resources management in recent. Many of the policy tools among demand management, the most important measures might be a pricing system. Furthermore, the responses of consumers on the price for water consumption level is the key factor for policy making. Here, we estimated panel data for 167 regions and over 7 years periods in Korea. Compare to other previous studies the price elasticities were somewhat low. The estimated price elasticity was -0.05. It was because the short term estimated period may derive lower elasticities. However, it might be a recent trend after the continuous increment of water pricing and consumers not willing to decrease their residential water consumption with increasing water pricing. According to this results, water saving effect might be much smaller than we expect with pricing policy. However, It does not imply there is no price effects on water consumption and it's still meaningful as a tool of water management.

• 대한가정학회지
• /
• 제45권6호
• /
• pp.49-59
• /
• 2007

The purposes of this study were to determine the price elasticities of foodcourt-styled university foodservice, and to identify the attributes that affect these price elasticities. Questionnaires were distributed to 700 students at the K University in Masan, from September 21-27, 2006. 478 questionnaires were ultimately included in the final analysis(response rate: 68.3%). For statistical analysis, SPSS(12.0) was used to conduct the descriptive analysis, t-test, and ANOVA. The results of this study were as follows. The average meal price for in-campus foodservice was \ 2,196 and the average meal price for an off-campus restaurant was \3,044. The university students recognized that the proper price for in-campus foodservice and an off-campus restaurant were, respectively, \2,127 and \ 2,884. The price elasticities for foodcourt-styled university foodservice were 4.20(Kko-Bul-Kko-Bul), 3.83(Il-Poom-Hyang), and 4.10(Ne-Mo-Baek_Ban). The factors that affected price elasticity included the frequency of visiting foodservice, foodservice satisfaction, price satisfaction, and customer's responses to increased meal prices. The recommended price strategy for foodcourt-styled university foodservice was to lower meal price, which would attract more students and increase the sales volume. Simultaneously, foodservice managers should attempt to improve and increase customer satisfaction and the customer's perceived value for meal price. Overall, price elasticity may prove helpful in predicting the customer's behaviors on price changes, and may provide useful basic data for foodservice managers when establishing price strategy.

• 대한교통학회지
• /
• 제18권1호
• /
• pp.27-34
• /
• 2000

이 연구는 최근 소비자 행동분석에서 많이 사용되고 있는 설문조사에 의한 Stated Preference의 방법론을 채택하여 항공여객수요의 가격탄력성을 분석하였다. 우리나라의 국내선 항공은 항공요금이 지금가지 인가제나 신고제로 규제되어 왔기 때문에 통상의 총량자료에 의한 회귀분석으로는 가격탄력성 도출이 어려우며 특별한 분석방법론을 필요로 한다. 이 연구에서는 항공여객에 대한 설문조사로 항공편과 철도, 버스, 승용차 등 대체교통수단과의 선택 여부에 대한 자료를 입수한 후, SP기법에 따른 Logit model로 분석하여 항공수요의 가격탄력성과 대체교통수단으로의 모드별 쉐어 변환율을 Sample Enumeration 방식에 의해 추정하였다 대체 가격탄력성은 -0.6∼-0.9의 값으로 밝혀졌으며 대체교통수단으로는 주로 철도를 선택하고 일부 버스를 선택하며 승용차는 거의 선택하지 않는 것으로 조사되었다.

• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
• /
• 제11권1호
• /
• pp.81-97
• /
• 2002

Unlike the existing supply-centered water policy, demand management policy of water has become an increasingly important issue in Korea. This paper attempts to analyse the demand for domestic water in Seoul. We employed Engle-Granger's error correction model(ECM) to deduced the price and income elasticities of the water demand. Particularly, we used accounted water amounts instead of supplied water amounts as representative variable of water demand. The result indicates that ECM set up is appropriate and short-run and long-run price elasticities derived by the model are -0.145 and -1.414. In contrast with other studies, we can conclude that the water demand for the water price is elastic. Besides, we can infer from this result that the water price policy with respect to a decrease of leakage ratio is more effective.

• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.45-64
• /
• 2001

This paper estimates the gasoline price elasticities of demand for automobile fuel efficiency in Korea to examine indirectly whether the government policy of raising fuel prices is effective in inducing less consumption of fuel, relying on a hedonic technique developed by Atkinson and Halvorsen (1984). One of the advantages of this technique is that the data for a single year, without involving variation in the price of gasoline, is sufficient in implementing this study. Moreover. this technique enables us to circumvent the multicollinearity problem, which had reduced reliability of the results in previous hedonic studies. The estimated elasticities of dam and for fuel efficiency with respect to the price of gasoline, on average, is 0.42.

• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
• /
• 제9권5호
• /
• pp.925-945
• /
• 2000

This paper analyses the impact of energy-saving investment on Greenhouse gas emissions using a model of energy demand in Korea. SUR method was employed to estimate the demand equation. The econometric estimates provide information about the energy price divisia index, sector income, and energy saving-investment elasticities of energy demand. Except for energy price divisia, the elasticities of each variable are statistically significant. Also, the price and substitution elasticities of each energy price are similar to the results reported by the previous studies. The energy-saving investment is statistically significant and elasticities of each sector is inelastic. Using the coefficient of energy-saving investment and carbon transmission coefficient, the amount of reduction of energy demand and the reduction of carbon emissions can be estimated. The simulation is performed with the scenario that the energy-saving investment increase by 10~50%, keeping up with Equipment Investment Plan of 30% increase in energy-saving investment by 2000. The results show that the reduction of energy demand measured as 11.2% based upon 1995's level of the energy demand, in industrial sector. Accordingly, the carbon emissions will be reduced by 11.3% based upon 1995's level of the carbon emissions in industrial sector.

• 한국통신학회논문지
• /
• 제32권6B호
• /
• pp.390-401
• /
• 2007

본 연구는 2000년 1월부터 2005년 12월까지의 월별 시계열 자료를 이용하여 통화수요의 요금탄력성을 추정하고 분석하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 본 연구에 사용된 데이터는 M발신통화량, M발신요금지수, L발신요금지수, 소득수준, 가입자수 등의 자료가 이용되었다. 본 연구에서는 요금탄력성의 추정을 위하여 크게 두가지 계량적 방법을 사용하였다. 첫번째는 설명변수에 종속변수의 시차를 고려한 동태적인 로그선형모형을 일반화된 적률추정법(GMM)을 이용하여 장 단기 탄력성을 추정하였다. 두번째는 Box-Cox변환모형을 응용하여 시간의 변화에 따른 요금탄력성의 변화추이를 추정하였다. 연구결과 L발신요금지수는 요금탄력성의 중요한 변수로서 포함하지 않은 경우 과대추정될 수 있음을 알 수 있었다. Box-Cox변환모형을 이용한 추정결과 요금탄력성은 시간의 경과에 따라 감소하는 추세를 나타내고 있었으며, 이는 이동통신서비스가 점점 더 필수재로 전환을 하고 있는 것을 나타내는 것으로 분석된다.

• 한국산림과학회지
• /
• 제54권1호
• /
• pp.41-48
• /
• 1981

과거(過去) 27년(年)(1953~1979년(年))동안 우리나라의 목재수요탄력성(木材需要彈力性)은 소득(所得)의 증감(增減) 및 가격변동(價格變動)에 대응(對應)해서 어떻게 변화(變化)되어 왔는지를 검토(檢討)하기 위하여 경제성장(經濟成長)의 단계(段階)를 3기간(期間)으로 구분(區分), 소득탄력성(所得彈力性) 분석(分析)을 하였으며 그결과(結果)를 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. 1. 1953~79년간(年間)에 있어서 총목재수요(總木材需要)의 소득탄력치(所得彈力値)는 1.87, 가격탄력치(價格彈力値)는 -0.47이었다. 그리고 해(該) 기간중(期間中) 내재수요(內材需要)의 소득(所得) 및 가격탄력치(價格彈力値)는 각각 0.09, -0.30이었으며, 외재수요(外材需要)의 소득(所得) 및 가격탄력치(價格彈力値)는 각각 2.50, -0.11을 나타내었다. 2. 전란후(戰亂後) 경제회복기(經濟回復期)인 1953~61년간(年間)에 총목재수요(總木材需要)의 소득탄력치(所得彈力値)는 2.11, 가격탄력치(價格彈力値)는 -0.86이었다. 해기간중(該期間中) 내재수요(內材需要)의 소득(所得) 및 가격탄력치(價格彈力値)는 각각 -2.94, -0.57이었고, 외재수요(外材需要)의 소득(所得) 및 가격탄력치(價格彈力値)는 각각 1.20, 0.43이었다. 3. 경제재건기(經濟再建期)인 1962~71년간(年間)에 총목재수요(總木材需要)의 소득탄력치(所得彈力値)는 2.89, 가격탄력치(價格彈力値)는 -0.20이었다. 해기간중(該期間中) 내재수요(內材需要)의 소득(所得) 및 가격탄력치(價格彈力値)는 각각 1.38, -0.25였고, 외재수요(外材需要)의 소득(所得) 및 가격탄력치(價格彈力値)는 각각 3.54, -0.42였다. 4. 고도경제성장기(高度經濟成長期)인 1972~79년간(年間)에 총목재수요(總木材需要)의 소득탄력치(所得彈力値)는 1.07, 가격탄력치(價格彈力値)는 0.17이었다. 해기간중(該期間中) 내재수요(內材需要)의 소득(所得) 및 가격탄력치(價格彈力値)는 모두 0.12였으며, 외재수요(外材需要)의 소득(所得) 및 가격탄력치(價格彈力値)는 각각 1.22, 0.17이었다.

• 한국인구학
• /
• 제29권2호
• /
• pp.195-213
• /
• 2006

2004년 말 담배가격인상의 효과를 파악하기 위하여 성인남성 흡연자 700명 비흡연자 300 명으로 구성된 추적조사에서 6개월 후 네 차례의 조사가 끝날 때까지 흡연자 572명, 비흡연자 198명의 흡연행태에 관한 자료가 구축되었다. 이 자료를 활용하여 단기 가격탄력성을 추정한 결과 흡연자들만의 가격탄력성은 가격인상전후 1개월, 3개월, 6개월 기간 동안에 각각 -0.6853, -0.6230, -0.5482로 추정되었고. 비흡연자를 포함한 경우에는 -0.3920, -0.3739, -0.3081로 추정되었다. 이 결과는 흡연율 감소를 위하여서는 대폭적인 가격인상이 매우 효과적이며 따라서 추가적인 가격인상이 추진되어야 한다는 점을 암시하고 있다.

• 한국의류학회지
• /
• 제36권12호
• /
• pp.1285-1296
• /
• 2012

This study investigates the effects of changes in price, total consumption expenditures and economic sitations on Korean household demands for clothing and footwear using time-series data. The clothing and footwear category was reclassified as clothing, footwear and clothing services items for the demand analysis. This study utilized the Linearized Almost Ideal Demand System (LAIDS) model to analyze household demand. The results indicate that price and total consumption expenditures are significantly related to Korean household consumption expenditure allocations for clothing and footwear items. The effects of the IMF bailout crisis in 1997 and the global financial crisis in 2008 on household expenditure shares for clothing and footwear items were very weak and statistically insignificant. All the demand elasticities were estimated with respect to total consumption expenditures and prices. Clothing was expenditure elastic (greater than one) and other items were classified as inelastic. All the own price elasticities of demands were negative (other than clothing). Through the estimations of cross price elasticity the relationships between the demands for items and other item prices were evaluated (i.e., substitutes and complements).