• 대한한의학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.101-125
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• 1997

Man pursues health as his basic right. Therefore, the government should try to preserve the right of the people's health and carry out the policy of medical treatment for that. But the system of our medical care is advantageous to the medical institutions, which produce medical goods each people buys and sells freely, more than to the maintenance and improvement of their health. That is to say, the first aim of the institution is not the healthy preservation of the people but their accumulation of riches. The medical conflicts are the social situation which is happening between those who produce medical treatment and the patients who consume it. Its behinning comes from the lack of belief by the inhuman relationship between patients and doctors. According to thelatest investigation, the patients of oriental clinics look more content than those who go to common hospitals. The reasons are as follows; fitness to one's physical constitution, the kind altitude of doctors and the view of oriental medicine toward human body. Though the content degreee is higher than western medicine, such conclusions result from the present condition the number of the patients is less. In short, the first, since the right of patients is higher and the fields make more variors and popular, the conflicts and mistakes go on increasing. The second, in their activity of treatment, the legal importance of atlention and explanatory obligation should be considered seriously so as not to break out medical mistakes. The third, in the center of technical books which are accepted by the academic world, the clinical exertion doing treatment is needful. The fourth, as the direct order of medical justification the self-determination of patients should be respected. The fifth, because the process and record of treatment become important in the time of emergency legally, the conversations and movements as well as the details of treatment must be recorded. The sixth, the academic effort about the settlement institution or the legal system is necessary.

• 한국병원경영학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.22-39
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to determine the difference between estimated profit and utilization of medical equipment upon purchasing and actual results at one teaching hospital in Seoul, Korea Medical equipments over $100,000 from 1992 to 1997 were selected and results were as follows: 1. Twenty equipments out of thirty exceeded estimated profits and the difference was 3.98 billion won and ten equipments did not reach the estimated profits and 5.5 billion won was the difference. Diagnostic equipment exceeded the estimated profit which surgical equipment didn't. 2. Eleven equipments exceeded estimated utilization, which showed 100%. In the mean time, eighteen equipments didn't reach the estimated utilization, which was 71%. Diagnostic equipment showed the less estimated utilization than surgical equipment 3. Twenty-one equipments showed the 6.83 billion won profits and nine equipments showed the 1.6 billion won deficits. Diagnostic equipment was more profitable than surgical equipment. Finally. diagnostic equipment helped improving hospital management than surgical equipment. 4. Main factors which showed the big difference from the initial plan were lacking reasonable estimated method, no evaluation system for purchase, emphasis in medical treatment, excessive expenditure in maintenance, duplicated investment for medical equipment and leadership commitment. As a result. Substantial planning is required from the requesting department in consideration of estimated profit and utilization and systematic quality control is needed to confirm. Also, One-sided decision making should be avoided to purchase a high cost medical equipment and efforts should be made in examining carefully and developing a reasonable analytic method.

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.281-289
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• 2015

Purpose: This study was conducted to examine the effects of individual counseling for bus-drivers on cerebrovascular and cardiovascular disease prevention. Methods: The one-group pretest-posttest design was used. This study presents a secondary analysis of data collected in 'contents of cerebrovascular and cardiovascular disease prevention program for bus-drivers in one workplace in Seoul, Korea. The data were collected from 56 bus drivers, using questionnaires from September 10th to November 20th, 2014. The analysis was conducted with ${\chi}^2$ test and paired samples t-test using SPSS/Win 21.0. Results: After the intervention, the participants showed a significant decrease in the level of systolic blood pressure (p=.003) and a significant increase in the total cholesterol level (p=.030). The distribution of cardiovascular risk groups changed after the intervention: 5.3% decreased in the high risk group, 16.1% decreased in the medium risk group, and 3.5% decreased in the low risk group, while 25.0% increased in the normal group. Conclusion: The comprehensive individual counseling including simple screening, tailored education and counseling is effective to manage their lifestyle risk factors, resulting in better maintenance of their health as well as preventing cerebrovascular and cardiovascular disease.

• 한국문화재보존과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국문화재보존과학회 2004년도 제20회 발표논문집
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• pp.25-32
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• 2004

All the works including sculpture created by modern artists contain a message that represents both the ideas and spirit of an era. We are entrusted with the responsibility of transmitting to future generations modern art in as nearly as perfect condition as possible. Thus despite the challenges we face in preserving modern art, we are obliged to conserve it. Especially, outdoor sculpture can be considered as not only works of art themselves, but also a public art. The work of contemporary sculptors often refers to the complexity of social relationships between the art and the public space, so that the public space tends to include the actual public in the art. The conservator at this point needs to preserve tile concept of the public art which is incorporated in the public participation in the sculpture, in addition to the materials of the sculpture itself. Once the sculpture is damaged, it will need restoration. Restoration may be essential to prevent further deterioration, or it may be necessary in order to make an object usable again. It is difficult to generalize about restoration because, as with preventive treatment, the acceptable degree of intervention varies from one discipline to another The degree of treatment including restoration may depend on such variables as available resources, the future use of the object, and the needs of the particular discipline to which it belongs. When conservators start to treat artworks or during the treatment, they will face many moments where they have to make a choice. Codes of ethics are necessary in order to provide a basis for making choices. Even though ethics have always been subject to change depending on an era or culture, the ethics subject will be much easier to reached an agreement on than one involving aesthetic value. The aesthetic value will be one of the most prominent factors for defining the damage: even minor loss of parts or discolouration can be considered as fatal damage for artworks. Sometimes, an alteration of the appearancecould be intended by the artist himself so that the artist's intention could be important factor for judging the damage of artworks. But, modern hermeneutic theories show that the artist's intention cannot be the only factor for consideration, so that the interpretation and application of artist's intent should be an interdisciplinary task regarding distinctive social and cultural backgrounds.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.219-224
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• 2008

In this study, we investigated changes in some physico-chemical and biochemical properties of Kimchi during fermentation and storage. After fermenting Kimchi at $15^{\circ}C$ for 23, 36, 40, 44, and 60 hrs during the first week, we stored it at $-1^{\circ}C$ in a Kimchi refrigerator until the end of 8th week. The pH of samples fermented for 36 hr, 40 hr, 44 hr and 60 hr sharply decreased during the first seven days and then slowly decreased. Acidities of samples fermented for 36 hr, 40 hr and 44 hr sharply increased for the first seven days. According to measured changes of lactic acid bacteria number, samples fermented for 60 hr revealed the largest augmentation in the number of lactobacilli for the first seven days. The $\gamma$-aminobutyric acid (GABA) content of the sample fermented for 40 hr was the most superior, with an early increase and maintenance of GABA content, which maintained a maximum 20 mg per 100 g of Kimchi sample on the seventh, fourteenth, and twenty eighth days. These results suggest that relatively enhanced levels of GABA in Kimchi samples can be produced and maintained by controlling the fermentation and storage processes, as with the 40 hr fermented sample conditions.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제19권7호
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• pp.166-175
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• 2019

전통의학의 체질론은 현대의학과는 구분되는 특성으로, 사상의학은 건강유지의 관점을 폐비간신(肺脾肝腎)의 기능적 강약(强弱)으로 구분하여 인체 장부(臟腑)의 체질에 따른 기능적 균형이 어떠한 조건에서 불균형이 되는 상태를 병의 주요한 요인으로 파악하였다. 아유르베다는 우리 몸에 존재하는 3개 "도샤(Dosha)'의 균형을 건강 유지의 기본으로 생각하고 질병이 생기는 이유를 체내 에너지 조절 기능을 하는 바따(Vata), 신진대사와 소화 기능을 담당하는 삣타(Pitha), 체온조절 기능을 담당하는 카파(Kapha)의 균형이 깨어졌기 때문으로 보았고 세가지 도샤(tridosha)가 균형을 맞추면 스스로 치유된다고 하였다. 체질에 따른 질병의 특징과 경향을 알아 치료에 접근하고 일상생활의 건강관리까지 포함하고 있는 두 이론은 각 개인의 특성과 독립적이고 자율적인 생활습관이 중시되는 현대사회에서 일상 생활 건강 유지 및 예방을 위해 다양한 예방 치료법의 융합영역으로 해석될 수 있다고 생각된다. 본 연구에서는 사상 의학과 아유르베다 이론을 체질 관점에서 비교 분석하여 환자의 치유력과 회복력에 도움이 되고, 환자의 만족도 증가를 위한 체질 기반 개념을 이해하고 예방 의료분야에 있어서의 활용의 다양성에 대해 도움이 되고자 한다.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.92-98
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• 2021

발전소의 실내는 규모가 크고, 위치마다 소음레벨 편차가 매우 크기 때문에 소음관리가 어렵다. 따라서 실내소음을 효과적으로 관리하기 위해서 소음분포를 분석할 수 있는 소음 가시화 시스템이 필요하다. 터빈실 내를 모델링하고, 선정된 지점의 소음레벨을 측정하여 소음지도를 작성할 수 있는 소음 매핑 시스템을 개발하였다. 그리고 모델의 신뢰성을 높이기 위하여 소음지도와 실제 소음측정 결과와 비교하는 방법을 통하여 모델을 수정하였다. 소음지도에 대한 정기적인 분석을 통하여 설비 이상을 판단할 수 있고, 특정 지점의 현재와 이전 소음에 대한 주파수 및 레벨을 비교 분석함으로써 실내소음을 효과적으로 관리하는 방법을 제시하였다. 매핑 시스템을 활용하면 근무환경을 개선할 수 있는 소음대책의 수립이 가능하고, 기계의 이상 유무를 확인하고, 예방정비를 통해 설비의 신뢰성을 높일 수 있다.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.517-531
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• 2021

The water supply facilities of Korea have achieved a rapid growth, along with the other social infrastructures consisting a city, due to the phenomenon of urbanization according to economic development. Meanwhile, the level of water supply service demanded by consumer is also steadily getting higher in keeping with economic growth. However, as an adverse effect of rapid growth, the quantity of aged water supply pipes are increasing rapidly, Bursts caused by pipe aging brought about an enormous economic loss of about 6,161 billion won as of 2019. These problems are not only worsening water supply management, also increasing the regional gap in water supply services. The purpose of this study is to classify hazard evaluation indicators and to rank the water distribution network hazard by cluster using the TOPSIS method. In conclusion, in this study, the entropy-based multi-criteria decision-making methods was applied to rank the hazard management of the water distribution network, and the hazard management ranking for each cluster according to the water supply conditions of the county-level municipalities was determined according to the evaluation indicators of water outage, water leakage, and pipe aging. As such, the hazard ranking method proposed in this study can consider various factors that can impede the tap water supply service in the water distribution network from a macroscopic point of view, and it can be reflected in evaluating the degree of hazard management of the water distribution network from a preventive point of view. Also, it can be utilized in the implementation of the maintenance plan and water distribution network management project considering the equity of water supply service and the stability of service supply.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2021

Recently, the importance of preventive maintenance has been emerging since failures in a complex system are automatically detected due to the development of artificial intelligence techniques and sensor technology. Therefore, prognostic and health management (PHM) is being actively studied, and prediction of the remaining useful life (RUL) of the system is being one of the most important tasks. A lot of researches has been conducted to predict the RUL. Deep learning models have been developed to improve prediction performance, but studies on identifying the importance of features are not carried out. It is very meaningful to extract and interpret features that affect failures while improving the predictive accuracy of RUL is important. In this paper, a total of six popular deep learning models were employed to predict the RUL, and identified important variables for each model through SHAP (Shapley Additive explanations) that one of the explainable artificial intelligence (XAI). Moreover, the fluctuations and trends of prediction performance according to the number of variables were identified. This paper can suggest the possibility of explainability of various deep learning models, and the application of XAI can be demonstrated. Also, through this proposed method, it is expected that the possibility of utilizing SHAP as a feature selection method.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제25권2_2호
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• pp.289-297
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• 2022

Deterioration in durability of structures due to the steel corrosion is difficult to determine whether or not corrosion is initiated and how much propagated, and moreover, repair and maintenance are not easy to deal with. Therefore, preventive treatments can be the best option to avoid the deterioration. Various methods for preventing corrosion of steel, such as electrochemical treatments, anti-corrosion agents and steel surface coatings, are being developed, but economic and environmental aspects make it difficult to apply them to in-situ field. Thus, the purpose of this study was to improve corrosion resistance by using CA-based clinker that are relatively simple and expected to be economically profitable Existing CA-based clinkers had problems such as flash setting and low strength development during the initial hydration process, but in order to solve this problem, CA clinker with low initial reactivity were used as binder in this study. The cement paste used in the experiments was replaced with CA₂ clinker for 0%, 10%, 20%, and 30% in OPC. And the mixture used in the chloride binding test for the extraction of water-soluble chloride was intermixed with Cl- 0.5%, 1%, 2%, and 3% by weight of binder content. To evaluate characteristic of hydration heat evolution, calorimetry analysis was performed and simultaneously chloride binding capacity and acid neutralization capacity were carried out. The identification of hydration products with curing ages was verified by X-ray diffraction analysis. The free chloride extraction test showed that the chlorine ion holding ability improved in order OC 10 > OC 30 > OC 20 > OC 0 and the pH drop resistance test showed that the resistance capability in pH 12 was OC 0 > OA 10 > OA 20 > OA 30. The XRD analyses showed that AFm phase, which can affect the ability to hold chlorine ions, tended to increase when CA₂ was mixed, and that in pH12 the content of calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂), which indicates pH-low resistance, decreased as CA₂ was mixed