• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.351-358
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• 2001

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of cylindrical electrostatic precipitator with centrifugal effect in viewpoints of pressure drip and collection efficiency, experimentally. The experiment was carried out for the analysis of current-voltage, pressure drop and collection efficiency with various experimental parameters such as the applied voltage, inlet velocity, inlet size and inlet type(upper and bottom), etc. In the results, the pressure drops were estimated as 27~54, $34~63mmH_2O$ for inlet size $15mm{\tiems}30mm$ and $30mm{\tiems}60mm$, respectively. The collection effeciencies were shown over 90% with the small inlet size($15mm{\tiems}30mm$) for the applied voltage 40kV, inlet velocity(15~21m/s), and 51~89% with the large inlet size ($30mm{\tiems}60mm$). Moreover, in the applied voltage 0kV and inlet size $15mm{\tiems}30mm$, the collection efficiency induced by centrifugal force was represented as about 35% with inlet velocity 15 - 21m/s.

• 유체기계공업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.12a
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• pp.244-249
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• 2005

Flow distribution and pressure drop analysis for an inlet plenum of a Pebble Bed Modular Reactor (PBMR) have been performed using Computational Fluid Dynamics. Three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations have been solved in conjunction with $k-{\epsilon}$ model as a turbulence closure. Non-uniformity in flow distribution is assessed for the reference case and parametric studies have been performed for rising channels diameter, Reynolds number and angle between the inlet ports. Also, two different shapes of the inlet plenum namely, rectangular shape and oval shape, have been analysed. The relative flow mal-distribution parameter shows that the flow distribution in the rising channels for the reference case is strongly non-uniform. As the rising channels diameter decreases, the uniformity in the flow distribution as well as the pressure drop inside the inlet plenum increases. Reynolds number is found to have no effect on the flow distribution in the rising channels for both the shapes of the inlet plenum. The increase in angle between the inlet ports makes the flow distribution in the rising channels more uniform.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Visualization
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.103-108
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• 2020

RBC (red blood cell) deformability is one of factors inducing blood shear thinning effect. Reduction of RBC deformability increases blood viscosity in high shear region. In this study, 3D printed chip with proper distribution of wall shear rate (WSR) was proposed to measure RBC deformability of blood samples. To fabricate 3D printed chip, the design of 3D printed chip determined through numerical simulation was modified based on the resolution of the 3D printer. For the estimation of pressure drop in the 3D printed chip, two bypass outlets with low and high WSR are exposed to atmospheric pressure through the needles. By positioning the outlet of needles in the gravity direction, the formation of droplets at bypass outlets can be captured by smartphone. Through image processing and fast Fourier transform (FFT) analysis, the frequency of droplet formation was analyzed. Since the frequency of droplet formation is related with the pressure at bypass, high pressure drop caused by reduction of RBC deformability can be estimated by monitoring the formation of blood droplets using the smartphone.

• Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.39-44
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• 2022

Using a CFD (computational fluid dynamics) simulation tool, we have offered a design guideline of a slot-die head having a simple T-shaped cavity through an analysis of the fluid dynamics in terms of cavity pressure and outlet velocity, which affect the uniformity of coated thin films. We have visualized the fluid flow with a transparent slot-die head where poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) is injected. We have shown that the fluid dynamics inside the slot-die head depends sensitively on the cavity depth, cavity length, land length, and channel gap (i.e., shim thickness). Of those, the channel gap is the most critical parameter that determines the uniformity of the pressure and velocity distributions. A pressure drop inside the cavity is shown to be reduced with decreasing shim thickness. To quantify it, we have also calculated the coefficient of variation (CV). In accordance with Hagen-Poiseuille's laws and electron-hydraulic analogy, the CV value is decreased with increasing cavity depth, cavity length, and land length.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.47 no.6
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• pp.720-726
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• 2009

Hydrodynamic similarity was investigated in pressurized three-phase slurry bubble columns by selecting the bubble holdup and pressure drop as objective functions, for the effective design and scale-up of it. In addition, effects of operating variables on the bubble holdup with variation of column diameter were also analyzed. Gas velocity($U_G$), viscosity(${\mu}_{SL,eff}$) and surface tension(${\rho}_{SL}$) of slurry phase, density difference between the slurry and gas phases(${\rho}_{SL}-{\rho}_G$) depending on the operating pressure, pressure drop per unit length(${\Delta}P/L$), column diameter(D) and gravitational acceleration(g) were chosen as governing parameters in determining the bubble holdup and pressure drop in the column. From the dimensional analysis, four kinds of dimensionless groups were derived from the 7 parameters and 4 fundamental dimensions. Effects of dimensionless groups such as Reynolds, Froude and Weber numbers on the bubble holdup in the column were discussed. The pressure drop and bubble holdup could be predicted from the correlation of dimensionless groups effectively, which could be used as useful information for the design and scale-up of pressurized slurry bubble columns.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.4 no.2 s.10
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• pp.7-14
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• 2000

LNG (Liquified Natural Gas) carried by LNG ship is unloaded into the LNG storage tanks at the very low temperature (a little lower than the boiling point of LNG). Because LNG is unloaded through the pipeline, two phase flow appears in the pipeline. In this study, we have studied the pressure-drop mechanisms of the two-phase flow in the pipeline, and the calculation method of BOG (Boil-off Gas) amount based on the heat transfer mechanism through the insulation and the surface of the pipeline. We have developed a computer program for thermal-hydraulic analysis on the LNG pipeline system. We have also developed the optimal design program to find the optimal thickness of insulation and the pipeline size. The program searches the optimal design with the minimum capital cost of pipelines and insulation on the operating conditions of maximum allowance pressure-drop and BOG amount, etc.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.633-640
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• 2014

In this research, the surface roughness affecting the pressure drop in a pipe used as the steam generator of a PWR was studied. Based on the CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) technique using a commercial code named ANSYS-FLUENT, a straight pipe was modeled to obtain the Darcy frictional coefficient, changed with a range of various surface roughness ratios as well as Reynolds numbers. The result is validated by the comparison with a Moody chart to set the appropriate size of grids at the wall for the correct consideration of surface roughness. The pressure drop in a full-scale U-shaped pipe is measured with the same code, correlated with the surface roughness ratio. In the next stage, we studied a reduced scale model of a U-shaped heat pipe with experiment and analysis of the investigation into fluid-structure interaction (FSI). The material of the pipe was cut from the real heat pipe of a material named Inconel 690 alloy, now used in steam generators. The accelerations at the fixed stations on the outer surface of the pipe model are measured in the series of time history, and Fourier transformed to the frequency domain. The natural frequency of three leading modes were traced from the FFT data, and compared with the result of a numerical analysis for unsteady, incompressible flow. The corresponding mode shapes and maximum displacement are obtained numerically from the FSI simulation with the coupling of the commercial codes, ANSYS-FLUENT and TRANSIENT_STRUCTURAL. The primary frequencies for the model system consist of three parts: structural vibration, BPF(blade pass frequency) of pump, and fluid-structure interaction.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.20 no.8
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• pp.517-525
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• 2008

In order to study the heat transfer and pressure drop of an internal heat exchanger for $CO_2$ heat pump under cooling condition, the experiment and numerical analysis were performed. Four kinds of internal heat exchangers with a coaxial tube type and a micro-channel tube type were used. The experimental apparatus consisted of a test section, a power supply, a heater, a chiller, a mass flow meter, a pump and a measurement system. The section-by-section method and Hardy-Cross method were used for the numerical analysis. The effects of the internal heat exchanger refrigerant flow rate, the length of the internal heat exchanger, the operating condition of the gas-cooler, the evaporator and the type of the internal heat exchangers were investigated. With increasing of the flow rate, the heat transfer rate increased about 25%. The heat transfer rate of the micro-channel tube type was higher about 100% than that of the coaxial tube type. With increasing of the length of the internal heat exchanger, the heat transfer rate increased about $20{\sim}50%$. The pressure drop of the low-side tube was larger compared with that of the high-side tube.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.115-119
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• 2006

To investigate the effects of independent suspension technology(IST) of hiking boot on the stability and load of foot, eight participants performed medial and lateral drop landing from 33.4cm height and 85cm distance to uneven surface while wearing normal & IST hiking boots. For the stability of foot during the drop landing, the balance angle & suspension angle and rearfoot angle was analyzed using high-speed video analysis. Also kinetic analysis using the force plate and insole pressure measurement was conducted to analyze vertical & breaking ground reaction force and pressure distribution. Not only the balance angle & suspension angle but also rearfoot angle was improved with IST boots for lateral drop landing. These results indicate the IST boots may have the suspension function which keeps the foot to be stable during landing. However the IST boots did not show any effect for medial landing. This might be related to the hardness of medial part of outsole. Therefore the softer outsole of medial part could be recommended. Furthermore the impact force & breaking force and insole pressure were reduced with IST boot. These results means that IST boot has not only cushioning effect but also good grip effect. Therefore the hiking boots applied the independent suspension function may help to reduce fatigue and prevent injury such as ankle sprain in hiking on uneven surface.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.17-26
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• 2005

Both numerical analysis and cold tests for the swirl coaxial type injector were performed to obtain the influence of spray angle, velocity ratio and liquid film thickness for pressure drop and recess. The basic experimental and numerical data obtained in this study can be applicable to the performance design of swirl coaxial type injector. Spray angle was not affected by the applied test pressure drop, but spray angle was affected by tangential velocity ratio and shape factors. Feasibility of numerical analysis for the liquid film thickness and spray angle was confirmed, and the change of liquid film thickness by tangential velocity ratio affected more seriously than pressure drop, and liquid film thickness was decreased with increasing tangential velocity ratio.