• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.63-72
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• 2008

Objectives We aimed to explore obesity pattern among overweight and obese Korean adult women using oriental obesity pattern identification questionnaire. Methods This survey was performed using data of 83 overweight and obese women aged from 20 to 55 yrs (BMI ${\geq}\;23\;kg/m^2$ : n=18, BMI ${\geq}\;25\;kg/m^2$ :ｎ=65) in Seoul, from 2007 to 2008. Subjects were given written consent and this study was performed under the permission of institutional review board of Kyung-Hee East-west Neo Medical Center. Results 1. The distribution of oriental obesity pattern identification did not show any differences between obese and overweight group(p>0.05). 2. The ratio of significantly-scored oriental pattern identification was ordered by Stagnation of the liver Qi(肝欝, 21.7%) > Indigestion(食積, 18.1%) > Spleen deficiency(脾虚, 16.9%) > Yang deficiency(陽虚, 14.5%) (n=83). 3. The frequency of top-scored oriental obesity pattern was ordered by Stagnation of the liver Qi(肝欝, 36.1%) > Indigestion(食積, 24.1%) > Yang deficiency (陽虚, 15.7%) (n=83). 4. The frequency of oriental obesity pattern identification was ordered by Stagnation of the liver Qi(肝欝, 41.7%) > Indigestion(食積, 29.2%) > Yang deficiency(陽虚, 12.5%) > Stagnation of the liver Qi and Yang deficiency(肝欝兼陽虚, 8.3%) (n=24). Conclusions In Korean adult overweight and obese women, Stagnation of the liver Qi(肝欝), Indigestion(食積), and Yang deficiency (陽虚) were found to be the main pathology based on oriental obesity pattern identification questionnaire. It suggests that not only physical status but also general condition and emotional problem should be concerned in treatment of obesity. This study could play a role as a preliminary data of oriental obesity pattern identification.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.66-80
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• 2009

The main purpose of this research is to investigate the present circumstances of internal marketing in domestic apparel-import company and study if the internal marketing activities in import apparel company have a significant effect on salespersons' job satisfaction. As a preliminary investigation, the interviews with 6 expert salespersons of imported apparel company were taken to develop a practical measuring tool. As a result, 21 categories which effect on internal marketing and 6 factors which influence on job satisfaction were extracted. Next, a survey with the salespersons who work in apparel-import company was taken, and 186 collected data were used in this study. To analyze the data, factor analysis, frequency analysis, and multiple regression analysis are executed by a statistics package, SPSS v12.0. The results are as follows. First, five factors which effect on internal marketing activities in have been identified as welfare, incentives, employment & training, communication, empowerment. Among them, four factors of welfare, incentives, employment & training, and communication have been come out as statistically significant factors which influenced on salesperson's job satisfaction. Second, the internal marketing activities of import apparel company according to salesperson's demographic factors - payment, working periods, and marriage have been demonstrated significant difference on salespersons' job satisfaction. When the marriage is examined, the job satisfaction of the single mostly depends on incentives while that of the married does on welfare. On the consideration of working periods, the less does the group have working experience, the more does it have a dependence on incentives. On the other hand, the group which has much payment and experience mostly relies on welfare. The middle class show to be dependent on communication and employment&training as well as welfare and incentives.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.57
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• pp.199-219
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• 2013

The objective of this study is to find out whether Korean main banks may have efficiency against Indian major banks. For this purpose, DEA analysis is used for checking relative efficiency levels. The study proposes, as a result, Shinhan bank, Woori bank and Kookmin bank in Korea may consider entering into Indian banking industry because these three banks have relative efficiency against main Indian banks like Yes bank, ICICI bank. The results of the study comply with actual facts since Shinhan bank already came to Indian banking market at first. Shinhan bank have three branches like Mumbai, NewDelhi etc. Wooribank also entered into India in 2012 as second case among Korean banks. But Kookmin bank did not come to India yet so they should consider coming to India. As a preliminary measures, they can send one person as a expatriate to survey the Indian banking industry like KDB in Korea. If they can utilize their core competence in real estate field at India, they may positively think about entering into India as quickly as possible. Although many Korean firms have penetrated into Indian market recently, they almost belong to manufacturing sectors so Korean service firms like banks should consider more coming to India because the most hot sector for FDI in India remain service sector and many foreign service firms already rush to Indian market. If Korean service firms like banks delay FDI further, good market opportunities would not be there any more. DEA analysis can be one of tools to check investment feasibilities. Since India becomes a compulsory subject for most of Korean firms, to increase possibilities of success in India, such Korean banks may consider applying fast-mover investment strategies to the Indian business fields.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.193-203
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• 2002

This study examined changes of elementary school students' knowledge and attitudes toward AIDS after AIDS health educational programs were conducted. The experiment was executed from November the 28th, 2001 to February the 6th, 2002. Study examinees were 156 fifth year students of 2 elementary schools located at S City. A preliminary inspection was implemented. The post-examination was conducted by a questionnaire survey 2 weeks and 9 weeks after the program was finished. The measurement instrument was the questionnaire developed by Yun, Hyun Sik(1997) and modified by this researcher. Collected data were analyzed with SPSS program package, $x^2$-test and t-test, Repeated Measure ANOVA. Findings of study are as follows; 1. Hypothesis 1 ; the hypothesis 1 is "The points of AIDS knowledge are different at each moment, before conducting the educational program, 2 weeks after conducting the educational program, and 9 weeks after conducting the educational program". After the above hypothesis was examined, interactive actions were shown among different periods in both groups (F=267.241, p=.000), so that this hypothesis 1 was approved. 2. Hypothesis 2 ; the hypothesis 2 is "The points of attitudes toward AIDS are different at each moment, before conducting the educational program, 2 weeks after conducting the educational program, and 9 weeks after conducting the educational program". It was closely examined, and the findings are that significant differences between two groups were found, whereas any interactions were not shown between two groups(F=3.753, p=.055), after controlling the attitude scores that showed differences before the education by covariable, and examining the results. so that this hypothesis 2 was rejected. The above study tells that the AIDS health education for elementary school students made their knowledge and attitudes change significantly, but the education was not effective for changing students' attitudes. Elementary school students need more systematic and continual AIDS health education.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.302-311
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to provide preliminary data for better safety control over children's preference foods sold in school stores. The survey was conducted from June to July 2009, to collect 749 types of children's preference foods sold in 150 middle and high school stores nation-wide excluding Jeju Island and general and nutrition information were analyzed. Out of 749 types of snack food items, 689 and 602 snacks were sold at high school and middle school stores respectively. Among children's preference foods, cookies, bread, and ice-cream were the main items. Among them, 98% of snacks were domestic products and the price range of each individual snacks were mostly between 600 and 900 won. 27.8% of children's preference foods sold were found to be in the high calorie/low nutrition food group. Even though the proportion of candy and fruit/vegetable beverages sold were not high, their proportion in high calorie/low nutrition snack group were higher than 68.1%. Among the children's preference foods sold in middle and high school stores, carbonated drinks and ramen were continuously sold in certain middle and high schools, even though sales were prohibited. This study concludes that government, corporations and retailers should work together in developing healthier children's snack distribution environment. In addition, dairy products, which take up 15% of children's preference food, should be diversified to meet their nutrient requirements.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.7
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• pp.330-337
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• 2018

Recently, there has been a growing interest in user-centered smart city services. In this study, user behavior analysis was performed as a preliminary study for user - centered smart city service planning. In particular, we will use GIS based location analysis data and video ethonography methodology to derive smart city service direction and needs. In this study, the area of Daejeon Design District selected as the Smart City Test bed was selected as the survey area and the location analysis data of the traffic accident analysis system of the road traffic corporation and the fixed camera We observed user's behavior type and change with image data extracted through the technique. Location analysis data is classified according to the type of accident, and image data is classified into 11 subdivided types of user activities. The problems and specificities observed were analyzed. The user behavior characteristics investigated through this study are meaningful to provide a basis for suggesting user - centered smart city services in the future.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.2472-2478
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• 2012

This research is aiming to develop Semiconductor equipment maintenance certification course to train qualified maintenance experts more effectively requested in related semiconductor industry. In the course of research, we adopted diverse research technique such as interview, on-spot investigation, documentary references to analyze current status of related training facilities, and forecast the population of test applicants. We analyzed similar certification course(Craftsman SMT, Industrial Engineer SMT, Craftsman Mechatronics, Industrial Enginee Mechatronics, et) as reference to set up job objectives and curriculum of semiconductor equipment maintenance certification. We conducted survey on expectations on newly created certificate, presented evaluation standard and objective of test, and preliminary writing test and demonstration test. Based on the result of various research, we were able to present training program for semiconductor equipment maintenance certification and set the assessment standard of qualification exam.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.265-284
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• 2001

The aim of this study was to discover the correlation between users cognitive style and their attitude towards evaluating the system. Postgraduate students cognitive styles were defined as Verbaliser/Imager and Wholist/Analytic, and the functionality and ease of learning features of a Web-based OPAC(Online Public Access Catalogue) system were evaluated using a combined evaluation methods: interviews for the preliminary survey, a questionnaire far the central data collection, and a psychometric approach for the judgement of students cognitive style using Ridings CSA(Cognitive Style Assessment) tool. Forty-four postgraduate student volunteers responded and data was analysed using SPSS(Statistical Package for Social Science) for Windows. The statistical analysis of each feature of the evaluation, the correlation between the variables, and the features were explored using Pearsons correlation coefficients(r). In exploring the effects of the cognitive styles of individuals, this study has failed to reveal a significant (P < 0.05) correlations in the interactive Web-based OPACs evaluation. It could be said that the contribution of cognitive styles to evaluating Web-based OPACs is likely to be weaker than that of non-cognitive (or demographic) variables.

• International Journal of Contents
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.61-68
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• 2018

Unlike in the past, where the expression of the form was given a priority, with the widening of the scopes of the designs, the proportion of design education institution curricula targeting user experience and the application of technology is continually and gradually increasing. Open source microcontroller boards such as Arduino have initiated attracting attention as a countermeasure against these changes. These prototyping tools have many advantages for the diversification of expression and design verification in the design field and therefore have a high likelihood of being introduced into many design education institutes; however, the tools act as high entry barriers for design students who lack engineering knowledge. Although various educational content and tools have been developed to address the issue of barrier, existing solutions remain insufficient as alternatives for the purpose of activation. In this study, we investigated the present state of related education content and conducted a pilot workshop using a prototype microcontroller board with simplified coding. We intend to use the results of this investigation to develop study material for design education. We started by conducting a survey regarding the pre-university education situation. It was observed that engineering education opportunities are insufficient and the problem of mutual application between educations due to course-based education was not realized. We also analyzed the characteristics of simplified training tools using the microcontroller to establish a direction for educational design and conducted a pilot workshop using the microcontroller toolkit with a simplified coding process based on this content. Students who lack a basic knowledge of engineering technology received instruction, and after completing minimum preliminary training, they proceeded to practical exercises that involved utilizing the toolkit. Through this process, we identified the need for a simple-type microcontroller board with low-complexity for use in educating students majoring in design. We also identified some obstacles that serve as barriers to entry of utilizing microcontroller board. Based on these results, we propose several functional requirements and teaching guidelines for prototyping toolkits for design education.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.123-134
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• 2015

PURPOSES : The key point of a multimodal LOS (level-of-service) evaluation system is that all of the modes are mutually associated to determine each mode's LOS. For example, the LOS of the bicycle mode is measured based on not only bicycle volumes, but also automobile volumes. However, the Korea Highway Capacity Manual (KHCM) still focuses on the automobile mode in evaluating the LOS of the roads. Additionally, the KHCM's LOS of the other modes, except for the automobile, is not consistent with actual road conditions. The KHCM, therefore, needs to develop and introduce a multimodal LOS system in order to evaluate the service conditions more accurately. METHODS: As a preliminary step to the introduction of multimodal LOS research, in this study the current problem of the KHCM's LOS system through a close review and comparison with other HCMs (highway capacity manuals) was identified. Secondly, a field survey and investigation of the urban streets to apply the HCM's multimodal LOS system was conducted. Finally, a comparison analysis of the results of the HCM and KHCM LOS was performed. RESULTS: In the study, it was found that the results of the LOS for the automobile mode did not show a significant difference between the HCM and KHCM. However, the LOS of the bicycle and pedestrian mode tended to be worse in the multimodal LOS system, which results from considering the effects of the automobile mode. Moreover, it was found that many cases have the potential to improve the overall LOS conditions, while reducing the automobile capacity. CONCLUSIONS: With the introduction of the multimodal LOS system, road diet and complete streets can be easily applied to ans actual road improvement project. Ultimately, the multimodal LOS system should be introduced into the KHCM, which can then be applied to traffic impact studies and other road improvement projects for more accurate evaluations.