• 대한두경부종양학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.21-29
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• 2017

Methylation of CpG islands in the promoter region of genes acts as a significant mechanism of epigenetic gene silencing in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). DNA methylation markers are particularly advantageous because DNA methylation is an early event in tumorigenesis, and the epigenetic modification, 5-methylcytosine, is a stable mark. In the present study, we assessed the genome-wide preliminary screening and were to identify novel methylation biomarker candidate in HNSCC. Genome-wide methylation analysis was performed on 10 HNSCC tumors using the Methylated DNA Isolation Assay (MeDIA) CpG island microarray. Validation was done using immunohistochemistry using tissue microarray of 135 independent HNSCC tumors. In addition, in vitro proliferation, migration/invasion assays, RT-PCR and immunoblotting were performed to elucidate molecular regulating mechanisms. Our preliminary validation using CpG microarray data set, immunohisto-chemistry for HNSCC tumor tissues and in vitro functional assays revealed that methylation of the Homeobox B5 (HOXB5) and H6 Family Homeobox 2 (HMX2) could be possible novel methylation biomarkers in HNSCC.

• 재활간호학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.117-125
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop and validate of a knowledge scale for lymphedema in patients with breast cancer. Methods: 34 preliminary items were made according to literature review, then verified content validity, construct validity, and reliability of the scale. 28 items among them were confirmed through content analysis by 4 experts. After a preliminary test, a survey for 156 breast cancer patients was performed for confirming construct validity and reliability. The data were analyzed using factor analysis, independent t-test, and KR-20. Results: This scale had 28 items consisting of 2 categories: prevention and self-care of lymphedema. Construct validity was confirmed by known-group technique because there were some categories consisted of just one or two items, and some mismatches between categories and items in factor analysis. Women who were educated about lymphedema scored significantly higher than women who had not (t=-3.92, p<.001). Reliability was appropriate (KR-20=.81). A percentage of correct answers was 74.6%, but it was from 31.8% to 96.1%. Conclusion: The study shows that this scale is reliable and valid to measure the knowledge of lymphedema. This scale can be effective to assess and educate the patients with breast cancer.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.211-223
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• 2017

Purpose: This study was designed to develop and test the Hope Scale for Korean cancer patients. Methods: The process for the development of the Hope Test was a selection of initial items drawn from a literature review and in-depth interviews. The selected items were assessed for content validity by experts. The Hope Scale was comprised of five factors and 30 preliminary items. The preliminary Hope Scale for Korean Cancer Patients (HS_KCP) was administered to 259 cancer patients from one university hospital and one cancer hospital in Busan. Data were analyzed using item analysis, factor analysis, Pearson correlation coefficients, and Cronbach's ${\alpha}$. Results: Eighteen items were selected for the final scale. Five factors (inner sense of control, trust and expectation for recovery of disease, interconnection, spirituality, emotional despair) evolved from the factor analysis, which explained 63.3% of the total variance. The convergent & discriminent validity was r=.83 (p<.001), r=-73 (p<.001). The internal consistency, Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ was .88 and reliability of the subscales ranged from .54 to .85. Conclusion: The Hope Scale for Korean cancer patients demonstrated acceptable validity and reliability. It can be used to assess the hope of cancer patients and is feasible within a clinical setting.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.379-388
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a tool to evaluate patient safety culture in nursing homes and to test its validity and reliability. Methods: A preliminary tool was developed through interviews with focus group, content validity tests, and a pilot study. A nationwide survey was conducted from February to April, 2011, using self-report questionnaires. Participants were 982 employees in nursing homes. Data were analyzed using Cronbach's alpha, item analysis, factor analysis, and multitrait/multi-Item analysis. Results: From the results of the analysis, 27 final items were selected from 49 items on the preliminary tool. Items with low correlation with total scale were excluded. The 4 factors sorted by factor analysis contributed 63.4% of the variance in the total scale. The factors were labeled as leadership, organizational system, working attitude, management practice. Cronbach's alpha for internal consistency was .95 and the range for the 4 factors was from .86 to .93. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that the Korean Patient Safety Culture Scale has reliability and validity and is suitable for evaluation of patient safety culture in Korean nursing homes.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.319-331
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a scale to evaluate posttraumatic growth in patients with cancer and to examine the validity and reliability of the scale. Methods: A literature review, semi-structured patient interviews and an expert panel consultation produced a 27 preliminary item questionnaire. Participants were 150 cancer patients recruited to test the reliability and validity of the preliminary scale. Data were analyzed using item analysis, exploratory factor analysis, convergent validity and internal consistency. Results: Item reduction and exploratory factor analysis led to 23 items, grouped into five subscales which were labelled new possibilities (6 items), coping skills (5 items), preciousness of life (5 items), relating to others (4 items), and personal strength (3 items). Convergent validity was evaluated by total correlation with the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General (r=.45, p<.001). The final scale demonstrated satisfactory internal consistency (Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ =.94). Conclusion: Findings from this study indicate that the Cancer-Specific Posttraumatic Growth Inventory has validity and reliability and is considered to be appropriate for assessing posttraumatic growth in patients with cancer.

• 한국우주과학회:학술대회논문집(한국우주과학회보)
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• 한국우주과학회 2010년도 한국우주과학회보 제19권1호
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• pp.36.2-36.2
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• 2010

Followed the System Design Review (PDR) of a mobile SLR (Satellite Laser Ranging) system, a successful preliminary design review was finished in 2009. With the completion of this mobile SLR system, KASI (Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute) can perform a series of test observation and calibration/validation procedures. After the operation performance of the whole system reaches the nominal design, a regular scheduled observation will be executed. However, the project has been disturbed by the frequent change of working staff, budget profile, and plan as well as the inexperienced man power. In this study, the contents and the issues of PDR are briefly reviewed and several items of SLR system are suggested. This mobile SLR system will push Korea's Space Geodetic study further and will make us jump to another step to the Space Science in Korea.

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.79-89
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• 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to develop a standardized protocol of systematic and explicit roles and procedures for paramedics for the maternal and newborn management during prehospital emergency delivery situations. Methods: This study is a methodological study with detailed step-by-step items proposed by an expert group based on evidence from a literature review. The content validity of the proposed preliminary prehospital emergency delivery protocol was verified before the final protocol was confirmed. Results: All 23 detailed items of the preliminary protocol met the reference cut-off (CVI value of 0.8 or higher). After considering, revising, and supplementing expert opinions for each of the 23 items 23 detailed in the proposed protocols, four steps were confirmed. The steps included five items for the management of the imminent mother, 10 items for delivery progress, five items for newborn management, and three items for postpartum management of the mother. Conclusion: This study's findings may serve as reference for developing future specialized training programs for paramedics, to ensure enhanced competence in prehospital emergency delivery situations. The protocol should be reviewed and revised periodically to ensure currency.

• 임상간호연구
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.75-84
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• 2023

Purpose: This study developed a protocol for nursing care after death for adult patients in hospitals. Methods: This was a methodological study to develop a care after death protocol. The preliminary protocol was developed based on a literature review, guidelines, and practice recommendations from groups of experts and clinical nurses. Content validity was evaluated by a group of experts (n=6) and nurses (n=30) in two hospitals. Results: The preliminary protocol recommendations were modified by validation and the open-question analysis results. The final protocol comprised three general recommendations and 43 recommendations in five steps that are verification and notification of a death, personal care of the body, viewing the patient, patient transfer, and documentation and self-care. Conclusion: This study result provides nurses with a consensus information on patient care after death and family support in a hospital setting. This nursing protocol is expected to improve the quality of care after death for adult patients and their families, and can be used for developing educational and emotional support for nurses to accomplish their important role.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제20권12호
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• pp.393-405
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• 2020

본 연구의 목적은 성폭력 상담자 대리외상 척도의 개발과 타당화이다. 이를 위해 성폭력 상담자들의 개별 면담 내용과 선행이론 분석을 통해 성폭력 상담자 대리외상의 구성 개념과 예비 문항을 선정하였다. 그리고 전문가 내용 타당도 평정을 거쳐 예비 척도를 개발하였다. 다음으로 성폭력 내담자를 상담한 경험이 있는 성폭력 상담자 349명을 대상으로 예비 척도에 대한 확인적 요인분석 결과, 5요인 구조의 적합도가 양호하다는 것을 확인하였다. 수렴 및 변별 타당도 분석 결과, 개발된 척도가 이차적 외상스트레스 척도, 상담자 소진 척도, 역전이 행동 척도와 적절한 상관을 나타내어 성폭력 상담자 대리외상을 측정하는 타당한 도구임을 확인하였다. 또한 전문직 정체성, 정당한 세상에 대한 믿음과 상관분석을 한 결과 높은 부적 상관을 나타내어 척도의 예측 타당도를 갖추고 있음을 확인하였다. 더불어 성폭력 상담자 대리외상 척도와 경력 변인과의 관련성을 분석하였다. 마지막으로 본 연구 결과를 토대로 연구의 의의, 제한점 및 향후 연구 방향을 논의하였다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.505-516
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 65세 이상의 한국노인을 대상으로 노후 개념의 원형적 요인들은 무엇인지 알아보고, 그 원형의 개념 추출을 위해 511명을 대상으로 무선 표집하여 90문항의 2차 예비척도 문항 개발하였고, 2차552명을 대상으로 구성요인 확인, 3차 399명을 대상으로 구성타당도, 그리고 공인타당도, 성공적 노후척도와 성별, 연령, 학력에 따른 차이 검증을 실시하였다. 그 결과 '한국노인의 성공적 노후 척도'는 총 47문항으로 '일상적 삶의 순조로움', '자녀성공', '경제적 안정', '심리적 지지', '적극적 활동', '부부관계만족', '가족지지'와 같은 7개의 요인으로 구성됨을 확인하였다. 그리고 한국노인의 성공적 노후의 신뢰도는 .932로 높은 내적 일치도를 보였고, 탐색적 요인분석을 통해 요인과 문항 간의 관계가 통계적으로 유의미함을 확인하여 요인구조에 대한 타당도를 확인하였다.