• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.161-170
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• 2020

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify the influences of the attitudes of pregnant women and their husbands towards sex during pregnancy on sexual function. Additional purpose was to compare the frequency of sexual dysfunction according to gender and gestational trimester and to describe the changes in sexual behavior according to the gestational trimester. Methods: In this study, 231 pregnant couples completed self-report questionnaires during their visits to women's hospitals or community health centers. The questionnaires assessed general characteristics, maternal/paternal sexual attitudes towards sex during pregnancy (Maternal Sex during Pregnancy Scale, MSP/Paternal Sex during Pregnancy Scale, PSP), and sexual function (using the Female Sexual Function Index and International Index of Erectile Function, respectively). Multiple regression analysis was done to test the research model using SPSS version 23.0. Results: In this study, 74.9% of pregnant women and 38.5% of their husbands reported sexual dysfunction. Sexual dysfunction was prevalent in pregnant women in the first trimester and prevalent in husbands in the third trimester. MSP (β=.44, p<.001) in pregnant women and PSP (β=.39, p<.001) and being in the first trimester (β=.17, p=.012) in husbands influenced sexual function during pregnancy. In the first trimester, the scores for attitudes towards sex during pregnancy were the lowest in pregnant women, while they were the highest in their husbands. Conclusion: Positive attitudes about sex during pregnancy are important for sexual function in pregnant couples. Because the difference in attitudes towards sex during pregnancy between pregnant women and their husbands was greatest in the first trimester, sexual health interventions need to be provided in early pregnancy.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.221-225
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• 1995

A prospective study was undertaken to test whether immunosuppression improves implantation, pregnancy rates and their outcomes in an in-vitro fertilization-embryo transfer( IVF-ET) cycles in patients with tubal factor infertility. The implantation and pregnancy rates was not significantly higher in patients recieving prednisolone than in control patients in routine IVF-ET cycles and unstimulated IVF-ET cycles. It can be concluded that prednisolone dose not support implantation and pregnancy outcomes of in routine IVF-ET cycles at least.

• Journal of health informatics and statistics
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.336-343
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• 2018

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to test and validate a model to predict antenatal depression. Methods: Data were collected from a self-administered questionnaire of 251 pregnant women in D metropolitan city. Exogenous variables were self-esteem, social support, and high risk pregnancy. Endogenous variables consisted of pregnancy stress, pregnancy coping, and antenatal depression. Data were analyzed by SPSS 23.0 and AMOS 21.0. Results: Model fit indices for the hypotheoretical model fitted to the recommended levels. Out of 12 paths, 6 were statistically significant. Variables accounted for 72.6% of antenatal depression. Predictors of antenatal depression were pregnancy stress (t = 7.64), self-esteem (t = -2.03), and social support (t = -2.06). Conclusions: Results indicate that an intervention program which increases self-esteem would be useful for pregnant women to decrease antenatal depression level. Antenatal program are needed to be applied to spouse and family members as well. To decrease pregnancy stress in pregnant women contributes to antenatal depression.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.120-123
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• 2013

Leukemia in pregnancy was first reported by Virchow in 1845, and acute Leukemia that occurs with pregnancy is extremely rare. About 350 pregnancies with leukemia have been reported in literature. The incident of acute leukemia during pregnancy has been reported in one case per 100,000 pregnancies case. A 40-year-old patient with 30 weeks of pregnancy, (by promyelocyte which is contained granules and auer rods in the bone marrow and biopsy) was diagnosed with acute promyelocyte leukemia WITH t (15;17) (q22;q12); PML-RARA. (M3) in peripheral blood and bone marrow examination, and gave a birth to the fetus normally, January 24, 2013, after receiving the complete remission decision from the bone marrow, complete blood cell count, PML-RARA PCR test, showed normal findings until March 2013. The treatment of acute leukemia during pregnancy should be considered as treatment of a pregnant mother and the impact on the fetus. Decisions about when and how birth takes place is difficult and has to consider both mother and fetus. It is preferable to start immediate treatment without delay so that the treatment time to achieve complete remission or full recovery of the pregnant mother is longer.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.9
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• pp.357-365
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• 2019

This study aimed to identify the effects of the attitude toward terminating pregnancy among women college students in nursing. Data were collected by 181 nursing students using a self-questionnaire from April 17 to 30, 2017. The data were analyzed using an independent t-test, ANOVA, pearson correlation coefficients, and hierarchical multiple regression. There were significant positive correlations among attitude toward terminating pregnancy and the other variables. The significant predictors of the attitude toward terminating pregnancy were catholic among religion (${\beta}=0.22$, p=.029), the most of family income(${\beta}=0.48$, p=.005) and sexual attitude (${\beta}=-0.17$, p=.014). This study showed that religion, family income and sexual attitude were factors women college students in nursing' attitude toward terminating pregnancy.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.8-12
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• 1999

The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) test could be applied well in clinic of men, horses or dogs. But the ESR test was not applied to clinic ruminants except for buffaloes since it was too low measure. To overcome this problem angled tube method was developed. This method was found to be useful for making diagnosis and prognosis. The results were summarized as follows. 1. In the early pregnancy condition, corrected ESR did not changed when compared with normal valures. 2. In the middle pregnancy condition, corrected ESR was increased when compeared with normal valures. 3. In the latter pregnancy condition, corrected ESR was increased when compeared with normal valures. 4. After parturition condition, corrected ESR did not changed when compeared with normal valures.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.223-229
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to present the reference values for cardiac size and cardiothoracic ratio change, normal range and diagnosis of cardiovascular disease in pregnancy and non pregnancy of normal Korean women using chest X-ray. The subjects of this study were 58 women, who were read as normal by chest radiologist, had chest radiography taken on both last month of pregnancy, pre-pregnancy and within 2 years following delivery. In this study, we defined the last month of pregnancy as pregnancy and before or post pregnancy as non-pregnancy. CS and CTR were measured by two radiological technologist who had clinical experience more ten years with Danzer's method. Statistical methods were paired t-test and one-way ANOVA. Significance level ${\alpha}$ was 0.05 and p-value 0.05 or less was statistically significant. For pregnancy, the mean of left and right cardiac size was $40.11{\pm}8.73mm$ and $89.51{\pm}11.9mm$, CS was $128.60{\pm}13.15mm$, CTR was $44.51{\pm}4.21%$. In non pregnancy, $36.50{\pm}8.18mm$ and $77.68{\pm}13.1mm$. CS and CTR were $114.18{\pm}14.28mm$ and $42.03{\pm}4.04%$. Both pregnancy and non pregnancy, the difference of the mean value in left and right cardiac size, CS and CTR were statistically significant (p<0.01). but comparing mean on age, height and weight, the difference of the mean value between groups was not (p>0.05). In the result of this study, the mean size of CS increased by 12.6% in pregnancy($128.60{\pm}13.15mm$) compared to the non pregnancy($114.18{\pm}14.28mm$), and increased by 9.8% in the right side of the heart and 15.2% in the left side. The mean size of CTR increased about 5.9% in pregnancy ($44.5{\pm}4.21%$) compared to non pregnancy($42.03{\pm}4.04%$).

• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.149-156
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• 1989

These experiment was carried out to improve the precision of early pregnancy diagnosis in dairy cattle. Changes in progesterone concentration of milk were measured by Enzyme Immunoassay(EIA) in 73 cows up to 21 days after insemination. The average concentraton of progesterone in milk was 1.9ng/ml at eatrus ; it increased to 17.8ng/ml on day 14, and thereafter it declined to 4.3ng/ml on day 21 in nonpregnant cows. Whereas in pregnant animals, it was maintained and elevated further to 22.2ng/ml on day 21. The accuracy of the pregnancy diagnosis for animals classified as positive (pregnant ; over 10ng/ml and decreasing rate<1.5) and negative (non-pregnant ; under 7ng/ml and decreasing rate>1.5) were 95% and 100% respectively. The samples ranging between 7ng/ml and 10ng/ml were classified as positive (decreasing rate<1.5) and negative(>1.5), which accuracy was 54.5% and 100% respectively. However this range appears to be of the most interest for the veterinary practitioner since cows in proestrus or early interestrus tend to have milk progesterone levels within this value. Causes for the insufficient precision of false pregnancy diagnosis are discussed.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.115-120
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• 2000

This study was undertaken to test the hypothesis the hypothesis that treatment with hCG (5,000 IU) at the time of embryo transfer would enhance pregnancy rates in recipients, and the concentration of plasma urea nitrogen(PUN) in recipients was related to the effect of hCG on the reproductive performance. Blood samples were taken according to experimental condition for the assessment of the endogenous plasma progesterone concentration and plasma urea nitrogen. Concentrations of progesterone in plasma were higher in cows treated with hCG on day 7(estrus=day 0) than in those untreated during 7∼43 days after insemination. The pregnancy rates were 65.5 and 54.6% for the hCG treated and untreated groups, respectively. In recipient group categorized with PUN concentration of <12 mg/이, the pregnancy rates were 68.8 and 46.7% for the hCG treated and untreated groups, respectively. The results suggest that hCG treatment at 7 days after insemination could be used to increase the pregnancy rate of embryo transfer, and transfer, and only the recipients with PUN concentration of <12 mg/dl were influenced by treatment with hCG.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.731-740
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• 2000

A study was done to identify the differences of women's perception of fatigue according to the period of pregnancy. Questionnaires were collected from 510 normal pregnant women in 3 University Hospitals in Korea from April to November of 1999. The questionnaires used to measure pregnant women's fatigue were the "Subjective Symptoms of Fatigue Test" designed by the Research Committee of Industrial Fatigue in Hygienic Association of Japanese Industry. The collected data was analyzed by SPSS-Win. The results revealed that there was a significant difference according to the periods of pregnancy: The degree of fatigue was the highest in the first trimester and then third and second trimester in decreasing order (F=89.53, p=0.000). The degree of fatigue was also compared with the respect to the general characteristics of women: There were statistically significant differences according to number of pregnancy (t=6.41, p=0.000), expectation of pregnancy (t=-291, p=0.004) and weight change (F=8.07, p=0.000). Therefore, variable nursing intervention should be provided to alleviate the fatigue according to the each trimester of pregnant period. Especially the nursing intervention program to alleviate the physical fatigue in the first trimester is necessary.