• 동서간호학연구지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.70-77
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• 2021

Purpose: The purposes of this study are to examine the relationship between sexual knowledge and sexual attitudes and identify factors that influence sexual attitudes among Mongolian university students. Methods: A cross-sectional study was used. Participants include 200 students from 23 universities in U city in Mongolia. Data were collected from 1 December to 30 December of 2019. A self-report questionnaire through Google survey was used. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple regression analyse with SPSS 26.0 for Window Program. Results: We found the differences between sexual knowledge and sexual attitudes according to participants' general characteristics, sex education, and sexual knowledge (t=5.43, p<.001) and sexual attitudes (t=2.21, p=.028), sexual experience and sexual knowledge. There was no correlation with marriage thought among sexual knowledge, sexual health and pregnancy and childbirth, and sexual attitudes. The correlations between the remaining variables were high. Sexual knowledge was the most influential factor on sexual attitudes followed by the sexual act (β=.30, p<.001), reproductive organs (β=.29, p<.001), solving sexual desire (β=-.25, p<.001), sexual experience (β=-.16, p=.021), and sex education (β=-.16, p=.028) with an explanatory power of 20.0%. Conclusion: The findings of this study may provide a basic data and help to understanding of sexual attitudes among Mongolia university students.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.61-75
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• 2022

The first purpose of this study is to evaluate the usefulness of pork traceability data, which is monthly time-series data, and to draw implications with regard to its usefulness. The second purpose is to construct a dynamic ecological equation model (DEEM) that reflects the biological characteristics at each growth stage, such as pregnancy, birth and growth, and the slaughter of pigs, using traceability data. With the monthly pig model devised in this study, it is expected that the number of slaughtered animals (supply) that can be shipped in the future is predictable and that policy simulations are possible. However, this study was limited to traceability data and focused only on building a supply-side model. As a result of verifying the traceability data, it was found that approximately 6% of farms produce by mixing great grand parent (GGP), grand parent (GP), parent stock (PS), and artificial insemination (AI), meaning that it is necessary to separate them by business type. However, the analysis also showed that the coefficient values estimated by constructing an equation for each growth stage were consistent with the pig growth outcomes. Also, the model predictive power test was excellent. For this reason, it is judged that the model design and traceability data constructed with the cohort and the dynamic ecological equation model system considering biological growth and shipment times are excellent. Finally, the model constructed in this study is expected to be used as basic data to inform producers in their decision-making activities and to help with governmental policy directions with regard to supply and demand. Research on the demand side is left for future researchers.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.31-38
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• 2015

$^{18}F-FDG$ PET/CT는 당대사로 인한 암세포의 비정상적인 섭취를 통해 암을 진단하는 유용한 검사이다. 일반적으로 FDG는 암세포와 염증성 질환에 높은 섭취를 보이나, 환자의 생리적 특성에 따라 정상세포에도 비정상적인 섭취를 나타내기도 한다. 특히 여성 월경 주기에 따른 유방의 비정상적인 섭취는 미세한 유방 병변의 정확한 진단을 저해하는 요인이 될 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 월경 주기에 따른 유방의 FDG 섭취 변화를 비교 평가하고자 한다. 평가 대상은 부인과 병력이 없고 6개월 이상 규칙적인 월경 주기를 가진 160명의 여성($34{\pm}3.5$세)을 대상으로 하였다. 환자 문진과 Pregnancy Calculator 0.14.를 이용하여 월경기, 증식기, 배란기, 분비기로 나누어 각각 40명씩 정보를 수집하였으며, PET/CT 장비는 Discovery STe(GE Healthcare, Milwaukee, Mi, USA)를 이용하였다. 분석 방법으로는 월경 주기 별 유방의 SUV 변화를 비교 분석하였으며, 핵의학 전문의 3명을 통해 Blind Test로 육안적 평가를 시행하였다. 유방의 SUV는 월경기($1.64{\pm}0.25$), 증식기($0.93{\pm}0.28$), 배란기($1.66{\pm}0.26$), 분비기($1.77{\pm}0.28$)로 나타났으며 분비기가 가장 높고 월경기와 배란기에서도 높은 섭취를 나타냈다(p<0.05). 또한 육안적 분석에서는 간과 폐의 집적에 대하여 유방의 집적 정도를 단계별로 나누어 폐와 유사한 섭취를 보인 경우(Grade I), 폐와 간 중간 정도의 섭취를 보인 경우(Grade II), 간과 같거나 높은 섭취를 보인 경우(Grade III)로 구분하였으며, 육안적 평가에서도 분비기와 월경기에서 높은 섭취를 보였다(p<0.05). 가임기 여성은 월경 주기에 따라 유방의 18F-FDG 섭취 정도가 변화되며, 특히 미세한 유방 병변을 진단하는데 월경 주기의 정보를 유용하게 활용할 수 있다. 따라서 검사 전 문진을 통하여 가임기 여성의 정확한 월경 주기를 확인하고 적정한 시기를 유도하여 검사를 시행함으로써 유방 질환에 대한 위음성 결과를 감소시킬 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.137-155
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of sex education on knowledge and attitude related to sex. The subjects were taken from by 199 students in 3 classes from 1st grade in H girl's junior high school as the study group, and 2 classes from 1st grade in S girl's junior high school as control group. During the survey period(September 21, 1998 to September 30, 1998), 6 times in terms of one-hour class for sex education were taught to the study group. A pre-test was executed on September 19, 1998 and the post-test on September 30. The findings were as follows. 1. According to the research, 20.1％ of the subjects have experienced sex education from parents and 89.9％ from teacher. They have mostly obtained the sex-related information from teachers(59.8％), following movie, radio, TV, or video tape(40.7％), friends(35.2％), reading materials such as books, cartoons, news papers and magazines(31.7％), parents(15.6％), siblings(7.0％), PC(1.5％) and telephone service(1.5％). 2. 27.1％ of the subjects reported that they had sex-related worry concerning from friendship with the opposite sex, following physiological phenomenon(31.5％), sex violence(11.1％), physical characteristics(7.4％), VD and contraception(5.6％), sexual impulse(5.6％), pregnancy and delivery(5.5％), and sexual behaviour(3.7％). The research showed that the adolescents usually solved their problems through the consultation with theifriends(44.4％). However, 16.7％ of the subjects were turned out not to request any solution. The other minor routes to settle their problems were written materials such as books, magazines(13.0％), parents(13.0％), movie, radio, TV, or video tape(5.5％), acquainted female elders(3.7％) and teachers(3.7％). 3. The most interesting part regarding sex was the friendship with the opposite sex(61.8％), following adolescent's emotion(55.8％), physiological differences between two genders(52.8％), AIDS(48.7％), VD(46.7％), pregnancy(45.2％), contraception(45.2％), abortion(41.7％), intercourse(41.7％), masturbation(41.2％), sex violence(41.2％) and genital structure and secondary sexual characteristics(28.6％). 4. In regard to characteristics of the subjects influencing sex-related knowledge, the higher educational career of mother, living with at least either parent and the experience of sex education by teachers were statistically significant factors(p〈0.05). 5. In regard to characteristics of the subjects influencing attitudes toward sex, the experience of sex education by parents or teachers was a statistically significant factor(p〈0.05). 6. The analysis of knowledge score comparing results before and after sex education showed that control group's score decreased from 12.5 to 12.44 while the study group's score increased from 12.33 to 21.31, which was statistically significant(p〈0.001). 7. The analysis of the attitude scores before and after sex education showed that the control group's score slightly increased from 55.57 to 56.36, while the study group's score increased from 54.79 to 61.95, which was statistically significant(p〈0.001). 8. The level of sex-related concerns of the study group after sex education marked both the increase in some items and the decrease in others. 9. Most instructive session among the sex education was the third “to be a good friend to the opposite sex”(27.0％).

• 핵의학기술
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.39-44
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• 2011

$^{18}F$-FDG PET/CT는 당대사로 인한 암세포의 비정상적인 섭취를 통해 암을 진단하는 유용한 검사이다. 일반적으로 FDG는 암세포와 염증성 질환에 높은 섭취를 보이나, 환자의 생리적 특성에 따라 정상세포에도 비정상적인 섭취를 나타내기도 한다. 특히 여성 월경 주기에 따른 유방의 비정상적인 섭취는 미세한 유방 병변의 정확한 진단을 저해하는 요인이 될 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 월경 주기에 따른 유방의 FDG 섭취 변화를 비교 평가하고자 한다. 2009년 3월부터 2010년 2월까지 부인과 병력이 없고 6개월 이상 규칙적인 월경 주기를 가진 160명의 여성($34{\pm}3.5$세)을 대상으로 하였다. 환자 문진과 Pregnancy Calculator (Ver. 0.14)를 이용하여 월경기, 증식기, 배란기, 분비기로 나누어 각각 40명씩 정보를 수집하였으며, PET/CT 장비는 Discovery STe(GE Healthcare, Milwaukee, Mi, USA)를 이용하였다. 분석 방법으로는 월경 주기 별 유방의 SUV 변화를 비교 분석하였으며, 핵의학 전문의 3명을 통해 Blind Test로 육안적 평가를 시행하였다. 유방의 SUV는 월경기($1.64{\pm}0.25$), 증식기($0.93{\pm}0.28$), 배란기 ($1.66{\pm}0.26$), 분비기($1.77{\pm}0.28$)로 나타났으며 분비기가 가장 높고 월경기와 배란기에서도 높은 섭취를 나타냈다(p<0.05). 또한 육안적 분석에서는 간과 폐의 집적에 대하여 유방의 집적 정도를 단계별로 나누어 폐와 유사한 섭취를 보인 경우(grade I), 폐와 간 중간 정도의 섭취를 보인 경우(grade II), 간과 같거나 높은 섭취를 보인 경우(grade III)로 구분하였으며, 육안적 평가에서도 분비기와 월경기에서 높은 섭취를 보였다(p<0.05). 가임기 여성은 월경 주기에 따라 유방의 $^{18}F$-FDG 섭취 정도가 변화되며, 특히 미세한 유방 병변을 진단하는데 월경 주기의 정보를 유용하게 활용할 수 있다. 따라서 검사 전 문진을 통하여 가임기 여성의 정확한 월경 주기를 확인하고 적정한 시기를 유도하여 검사를 시행함으로써 유방 질환에 대한 위음성 결과를 감소시킬 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.73-77
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• 2012

Purpose: Fragile X carrier detection before or at early pregnancy through a wide screening program may not only confer a risk of having offspring with Fragile X syndrome (FXS), but may also confer a risk for Fragile X-associated primary ovarian insufficiency and Fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome. However, prior to the implementation of such a program, the carrier prevalence in a population and the availability of effective screening test should be evaluated. The aim of our study was to determine the prevalence of premutation carriers and to evaluate the feasibility of screening test. Materials and Methods: The blood samples were obtained from 8,641 pregnant women with no family history of mental retardation. We performed a three-primer CGG repeat primed (RP) PCR using the AmplideX$^{TM}$ FMR1 PCR kit (Asuragen, Inc. Austin, TX, USA). Samples showing full mutation alleles were reflexed to Southern blot analysis for methylation status and sizing. Results: Among the 8,641 women, we found 8 premutation carriers (1:1,090, 0.09%) and 46 women with an intermediate allele (1:190, 0.53%). No woman was found to carry the fully mutated allele. All the detected alleles were within the CGG repeat range of 8-117. Among the 8,641 samples, 29 and 30 CGG repeats represent 66.6% of all cases. The CGG RP PCR method provides robust detection of expanded alleles and resolves allele zygosity, thus minimizing the number of samples that require Southern blot analysis. Conclusion: This is the first study that has focused on the prevalence of FXS premutation carriers and FMR1 allele distribution in normal pregnant women. These data have important implications for population-based fragile X carrier screening in Korea.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제13권11호
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• pp.197-204
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• 2015

본 연구는 119구급대원을 대상으로 심정지 임신부에 시행하는 $30^{\circ}$ 왼쪽 기울기 자세에서 가슴압박 질과 신장 및 체중이 가슴압박 질에 영향을 미치는지 알아보고자 시행하였다. J도 M, N, S, Y시, G광역시에서 근무하는 119구급대원 62명을 대상으로 2015년 6월 15-16일간 실험 전 참여 동의를 받았다. Resusci Anne$^{(R)}$ 마네킨 2대를 사용하여 Laerdal PC SkillReporting System$^{(R)}$으로 가슴압박 시행 결과를 기록하였다. 연구결과, $30^{\circ}$ 왼쪽 기울기 자세에서 바로 누운 자세보다 가슴압박 적절한 깊이 횟수(회), 가슴압박 깊이(mm)는 매우 저조하였고, 또한 170 cm 이하, 65 kg 이하에서 가슴압박 적절한 깊이 횟수(회), 가슴압박 깊이(mm)는 저조하였다. 따라서 신장 및 체중에 따른 가슴압박질을 향상시킬 수 있는 도구의 개발과 실습 교육이 필요하겠다.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.215-219
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• 2016

Value of excellent breeding animals is important in livestock industry, but their economic life time is limited. And, many countries have been trying procuration of genetic resource in good animals. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine embryo production and to test efficiency of embryo transfer via non-surgical artificial insemination (AI) in different breed of superior sows. A total of 17 sows were used in this experiment (Duroc, n=10; Landrace, n=4; Yorkshire, n=3). The sows were artificially inseminated by semen of same breed boars. After 4 or 5 days following the AI, the embryos were obtained from the sows and then transferred to Landrace and Yorkshire recipients (n=3, respectively) by non-surgical method. The corpora lutea tended to be increased in Yorkshire and Landrace than Duroc(28 and 26 vs. 17, respectively). The recovery of embryo was 78.8% in Landrace, 65.4% in Duroc and 51.4% in Yorkshire. Duroc showed lower morulaes and early blastocyst embryos than 2, 4, 8 and 16 cell. The morula in Yorkshire was higher (P<0.05) than that of Duroc (4.7 vs. 3.4). Similarly, the morulaes and early blastocyst embryos presented greater (P<0.05) in Landrace compared with other breed sows. The recipient sows were pregnant in a Landrace only. This reason may be due to little embryos inserted in the recipients. In addition, pregnancy results were limited because of the little sows. In conclusion, ovulated ovum in sows can be affected by different breed. Also, further study needed pregnant test by using the many embryo in each breed.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.227-238
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• 1999

The goal of this study is to discover the effect of sex education on sex-related knowledge and attitudes of middle school girls. Non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design was used. The number of experimental group students was 134 and the number of control group students was 134. A total of 268 second grade middle school girls were selected for a convenience sampling method. This study was carried out in a middle school located in Taegu City, Korea, from February 5 to February 18, 1998. To des cover the needs of sex education, the researcher sent a predesigned questionnaire to 1464 girls in 19 different middle schools. The sex education curriculum was designed on the basis of this survey's results. 'The Sex Education Teaching Plan' (published by the Research Institution of Korean School Health Education) and 'Sex and Happiness' (published by the Seoul City Education Ministry) were used to redesign the sex education curriculum and content. Fifty minute long sex education classes were taught to the experimental group every other day and the total number of classes was five. The contents of the teaching -learning plan for sex education were: 'The Characteristics of Adolescence', 'Pregnancy and Contraception', 'Friendship with the Opposite Sex and Prevention of Sexual Violence', 'Prevention of Venereal Disease', and 'Sex and Society'. To measure the degree of sex knowledge of the subjects, the researcher used the modified sex knowledge tools of Kim(l995) and Han(1997). The reliability values of these sex knowledge tools range from 0.71 to 0.74, using Cronbach's alpha. To measure the degree of sex attitude in the subjects, the researcher used the modified sex attitudes tools of Han(l997). The reliability values of these sex attitude tools range from 0.73 to 0.78 using Cronbach's alpha. The PC-SAS package program was used to analyse the data along with Frequency, Percentage, XLtest, t -test, and a paired t -test The results of this study were as follows; 1. The first hypothesis was accepted. The experimental group showed more change in sex - related knowledge than the control group(t =22. 76, p=0.0001). 2. The second hypothesis was accepted. The experimental group showed more change in sex-related attitudes than the control group (t=11.91, p=0.0001). In conclusion, the level of sex-related knowledge and sex-related attitudes of middle school girls who received sex education was higher than that of the girls who did not receive sex education. According to this research, planned sex education was effective in forming accurate knowlege and appropriate attitudes related to sex. Clearly, we must carry out a well-designed step by step sex education program that is well-suited to the sex education needs and the developmental level of the students.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.71-82
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• 1997

The purpose of the survey was to Identify the degree and the relationship of sexual knowledge, sexual attitude. This information will provide useful data for a more systematic, desirable, and practical sex education. The data was collected from 187 first grade schoolchildren(95 boys and 92 girls) of two Junior high school in Chun-nam area. The data was gathered by questionnaire from Oct. 1 to 15, 1996. The questionnaire was modified by authors using the questionnaire developed by You-Jeong, Han (1996). Data was analyzed by using the statistical computer package, SAS to manipulate the data along with percentages, means, standard deviation, t-test, χ²-test, GLM, and Pearson correlation coeffiency. The results in this study were summarized as follows: 1. Sex related knowledges.-The mean score of sex related knowledges showed significant differences between boys and girls (boys : 22.3, girls .21.0, p<0.025), and in the area of pregnancy & delivary(boys : 9.4, girls : 7.9, P<0.000) showed significant difference between boys and girls, but in the area of physical differeces of the other sex(boys : 12.9, girls ; 13.1, p<0.551) showed no significant difference between boys and girls. 2. Sex related attitudes.-The mean score of sex related altitudes showed significant difference between boys and girls (boys : 56.7, girls : 60.5, p<0.002) and in the area of psychological difference the other sex(boys 28.9, girls : 32.5, p