• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.51-60
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• 2012

Weight-controlling can be supported by a proper prescription of energy intake. The individual energy requirement is usually determined through resting energy expenditure (REE) and physical activity. Because REE contributes to 60-70% of daily energy expenditure, the assessment of REE is very important. REE is often predicted using various equations, which are usually based on the body weight, height, age, gender, and so on. The aim of this study is to validate the published predictive equations for resting energy expenditure in 76 normal weight and 52 obese Korean children and adolescents in the 7-18 years old age group. The open-circuit indirect calorimetry using a ventilated hood system was used to measure REE. Sixteen REE predictive equations were included, which were based on weight and/or height of children and adolescents, or which were commonly used in clinical settings despite its use based on adults. The accuracy of the equations was evaluated on bias, RMSPE, and percentage of accurate prediction. The means of age and height were not significantly different among the groups. Weight and BMI were significantly higher in obese group (64.0 kg, $25.9kg/m^2$) than in the non-obese group (44.8 kg, $19.0kg/m^2$). For the obese group, the Molnar, Mifflin, Liu, and Harris-Benedict equations provided the accurate predictions of > 70% (87%, 79% 77%, and 73%, respectively). On the other hand, for non-obese group, only the Molnar equation had a high level of accuracy (bias of 0.6%, RMSPE of 90.4 kcal/d, and accurate prediction of 72%). The accurate prediction of the Schofield (W/WH), WHO (W/WH), and Henry (W/WH) equations was less than 60% for all groups. Our results showed that the Molnar equation appears to be the most accurate and precise for both the non-obese and the obese groups. This equation might be useful for clinical professionals when calculating energy needs in Korean children and adolescents.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.66 no.11
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• pp.1628-1633
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to identify the difference and correlation in elbow joint maximal flexion strength according to measurement methods and characteristics of muscular contraction, and to develop the predictive equation of elbow joint maximal flexion strength for the optimal exercise intensity setting and accurate measurement. Subjects were 30 male university students. Elbow joint maximal flexion strength of isokinetic contraction, isometric contraction at $75^{\circ}$ elbow joint flexion position, isotonic concentric 1RM, manual muscle strength (MMT) were measured with isokinetic dynamometer, dumbbell, and manual muscle tester. Pearson's r, linear regression equation, and multiple regression equation between variables were calculated. As a result, the highest value was isometric contraction. The second highest value was MMT. The third highest value was isokinetic contraction. 1RM was the lowest. Predictive equations of elbow joint maximal flexion strength between isometric and isokinetic contraction, between isometric contraction and 1RM, among isometric contraction, 1RM, and body weight were developed. In conclusion, 1RM and isokinetic elbow joint maximal flexion strength could be seemed to underestimate the practical elbow joint maximal flexion strength. And it is suggested that the developed predictive equations in this study should be useful in criteria- and goal-setting for resistant exercise and sports rehabilitation after elbow joint injury.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.57-65
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• 1999

A modified gas tracer method was used to obtain reaeration coefficient from an artificial channel and a reach of Bokha stream, Ichon city. Propane was used as the tracer gas and Rhodamine-B dye as a dispersion and dulution tracer. Concentrations of propane in water sample were measured using a gas chromatograph and concentrationsof dye using UV-Spectrophotometer. To compare measured values with predicted values,commonly used 14 equations were selected . Results of this study suggested that the modified gas tracer method is a potentially useful procedure for th edetermination of reaeration cofficients. However, estimated reaeration coefficients from predictive equations were significantly different from that of this study. Therefore, when using predictive equations, careful selection of equation with consideration for hydraulic characteristics such as flow depth and average velocity, or use of newly derived predictive equation which is adequate for questioned stream would be needed.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.104-115
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• 1993

The objectives of this paper were to develop predictive equations for reservoir deposits and watershed sediment yields based on sediment survey data for irrigation reservoirs. Hundred reservoirs of various sizes, which have the surveyed data for sediment deposits, were chosen and fourteen watershed physiological and hydrological parameters were investigated. Correlationships between watershed parameters and sediment deposits were investigated and a best fit regression equation was derived, which may be applied for estimating reservoir sediment deposits. The sediment deposits were converted to the watershed sediment yields by applying the trap efficiencies and specific weights. The resulting sediment yields were related to watershed parameters and an empirical predictive equation was also proposed that may be used for rough estimations of watershed sediment yields.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.199-203
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• 2016

An enzyme-free optical method is proposed for estimating high concentrations of glucose in a glucose-lactose mixture, based on a predictive equation that takes advantage of the reflective optical power observed at two discrete wavelengths. Compared to the conventional absorption spectroscopy method based on Beer's Law, which is mainly valid for concentrations below hundreds of mg/dL, the proposed scheme, which relies on reflection signals, can be applied to measure higher glucose concentrations, of even several g/dL in a glucose-lactose mixture. Two probe wavelengths of 1160 and 1300 nm were selected to provide a linear relationship between the reflective power and pure glucose/lactose concentration, where the relevant linear coefficients were derived to complete the predictive equation. Glucose concentrations from 2 to 7 g/dL in a glucose-lactose mixture were efficiently estimated, using the established predictive equation based on monitored reflective powers. The standard error of prediction was 1.17 g/dL.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.69 no.2
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• pp.108-114
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• 2010

Background: The aim was to estimate the differences between pulmonary disability grades according to the spirometry reference equations (the Korean equation and the Morris equation). Methods: Spirometry was performed on 16,916 male and 1,353 female special examination for pneumoconiosis, in the period of 2007~2009. Changes in predictive values for forced expiratory volume in one second ($FEV_1$), forced vital capacity (FVC) and $FEV_1$/FVC and in disability grade were evaluated using both equations. Results: Mean FVCs for men and women were 4,218.7 mL and 2,801.5 mL in predictive values after the application of the Korean equation, and 3,763.9 mL and 2,395.6 mL after the Morris equation, respectively. Compared with the Morris equation, the Korean equation showed 10.8% and 14.5% of excesses for men and women (p<0.001). Mean $FEV_1s$ for men and women were 3,102.5 mL and 2,107.1 mL in the Korean equation, and 2,667.8 mL and 1,699.6 mL in the Morris equation, respectively. Compared with the Morris equation, the Korean equation showed 14.0% and 19.3% of excesses for men and women (p<0.001). Men and women who showed the changes of disability grades using the Korean equation in place of the Morris equation were 23.9% (4,052/16,916) and 22.9% (311/1,353) on FVC, and 23.1% (3,913/16,916) and 10.7% (145/1,353) on $FEV_1$. Conclusion: Applying different reference equations for spirometry has resulted in changes for disability grades in special examination for pneumoconiosis.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.10-14
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• 2004

We present a predictive control algorithm combined with the robust robot control that is constructed on the Lyapunov min-max approach. Since the control design of a real manipulator system may often be made on the basis of the imperfect knowledge about the model, it is an important trend to design a robust control law that guarantees the desired properties of the manipulator under uncertain elements. In the preceding robust control work, we need to tune several control parameters in the admissible set where the desired stability can be achieved. By introducing an optimal predictive control technique in robust control we can find out much more deterministic controller for both the stability and the performance of manipulators. A new class of robust control combined with an optimal predictive control is constructed. We apply it to a simple type of 2-link robot manipulator and show that a desired performance can be achieved through the computer simulation.

• Journal of the Korean Geophysical Society
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.171-179
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• 2006

Predictive equations of ground motions are one of the most important factors in the seismic hazard analysis. Unfortunately, studies on predictive equations of ground motions in Korea had been hampered due to the lack of seismic data. To overcome the lack of data, seismologists adopted the stochastic method based on the seismological model. Korean predictive equations developed by the stochastic method show large differences in their predictions. It was turned out through the analysis of the existing studies that the main sources of the differences are the uncertainties in the (Brune) stress drop and spectral decay rate . Therefore, it is necessary to focus the future research on the reduction of the uncertainties in the two parameters.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.695-700
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• 2001

The objective of this study is to evaluate the flexure strength of steel fiber reinforced concrete beams and the effect of the adding steel fiber to flexural strength, and is to compare the proposed equation with the previous equation for predicting the flexural strength of fiber reinforced concrete beams. Based on earlier published studies and tests, predictive equation is proposed for evaluating the flexural strength of steel fiber reinforced concrete beams. The proposed equation gave good prediction for the flexural strength of the tested beams.

• 한국도로학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.183-188
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• 2005