• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• 제26권
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• pp.31-43
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• 2008

Introduction of construction cost estimating system is necessary to promote appropriate reflection of construction cost and simplified and efficient amount work. The results of this study are as follows. In the results of considering the basic concept and composition of a construction type estimating system, an example orders are concentrated on an apartment house in the country. The building appurtenant work of extension work is high(1.52) as compared with others. In regression analysis for a construction cost, the models are as follows. In a new construction work, (construction cost)=$12,004.8+4.09{\times}$(building area), and in extension work, (construction cost)=$-121.9+4.50{\times}$(building area). Accordingly, this study wishes to compare and analyzes main contents of original cost method and results cost method, and propose predetermined amount estimation device through existent literature study investigation for accumulation of the construction cost.

• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.227-232
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• 2003

Recently, support vector learning attracts an enormous amount of interest in the areas of function approximation, pattern classification, and novelty detection. One of the main reasons for the success of the support vector machines(SVMs) seems to be the availability of global and sparse solutions. Among the approaches sharing the same reasons for success and exhibiting a similarly good performance, we have KFD(kernel Fisher discriminant) approach. In this paper, we consider the problem of function approximation utilizing both predetermined basis functions and the KFD approach for regression. After reviewing support vector regression, semi-parametric approach for including predetermined basis functions, and the KFD regression, this paper presents an extension of the conventional KFD approach for regression toward the direction that can utilize predetermined basis functions. The applicability of the presented method is illustrated via a regression example.

• 산업공학
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.127-133
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• 2012

This paper considers the preventive maintenance scheduling problem of the cluster tool which is one of the most important manufacturing equipments in the next-generation semiconductor production environment. We define a random process that expresses the successive amount of chemicals accumulating inside the tool. Based on the renewal theory, we find the expected value and probability distribution of the time that the amount of accumulated chemicals exceeds a predetermined level. For a given probability that the accumulated chemicals exceeds the predetermined level we present a method to obtain the number of chamber operations to perform the preventive maintenance of that chamber. In addition, a method to get the preventive maintenance schedule for the whole cluster tool is presented. A numerical example is provided to illustrate our method.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2023년도 가을학술발표대회논문집
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• pp.133-134
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• 2023

Free-form buildings have a curved shape and are composed of geometric shapes, which require high precision. Therefore, this study proposed a new extrusion method, a piston method, that improves the precision of FCP by automatically extruding a predetermined amount of concrete by improving the aforementioned limitations. The technology to extrude a predetermined amount of concrete by applying pistons is expected to shorten construction period and increase economic efficiency by improving the precision and productivity of free-form panels.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.44-52
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• 2012

합리적인 방법에 의해 결정된 건설 공사비를 포함하여 계약을 체결하는 것은 공공 건설공사의 사업비 관리 측면에서 매우 중요하다. 국내에서는 건설 공사비를 산정하는 기준으로 표준품셈이 사용되고 있지만, 표준품셈에서 제시하는 품의 적정성에 대해서 문제가 제기되고 있으며, 현장의 자원 투입량과 품셈에서 제시하는 자원 투입량의 차이로 합리적이고 효율적인 공사비를 산정하는데 어려움이 있다. 본 연구에서는 건설 공사비를 합리적으로 산정하기 위하여, 공동주택 거푸집 공사의 생산성 분석을 통한 작업조 기반의 Cost Data Prototype을 제시하였다. 특히, CYCLONE 모델은 민감도 분석을 통해 최적의 작업인원을 제시하는 모델이므로, 거푸집 공사의 다양한 작업공간과 작업인원을 대상으로 생산성을 분석할 수 있는 도구로 활용이 가능하다. 그리고 개발된 회귀식은 거푸집 공사의 작업인원을 독립변수로 하여, 필요한 작업량을 종속변수로 예측하는데 활용이 가능할 것이다.

• 토지주택연구
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.415-427
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• 2011

본 연구는 LH의 다가구임대주택 철거 신축사업에 대비하여 노후주택에 대한 해체공사비를 합리적 근거에 의하여 예측하는 것을 목표로 한다. 이를 위하여 소형주택 해체공사 수행 현황과 작업 프로세스를 조사하고 공사비 견적전문가 면담을 통해 해체공사비 산정실태를 파악하였다. 아울러 공공건설공사의 '예정가격 산정기준'과 '건설폐기물 처리비 산정기준', 선행연구 및 문헌을 고찰하였다. 연구 결과의 하나로 표준품셈에 기초한 해체공사 원가계산체계와 내역체계 및 관련 일위대가를 제안하고, 이를 활용하여 지상 2~3층 규모의 다가구임대주택에 대한 해체공사 예정가격을 산출하였다. 산출 결과, 1개 동당 해체공사비는 18,331천원, 바닥면적($m^2$) 기준 104천원으로 예측되었는데, 세부적으로는 직접 철거비가 14,339천원/동, 폐기물 위탁처리비는 3,992천원/동 소요될 것으로 나타났다. 연구 결과는 노후 다가구임대주택 철거 신축사업의 예산수립 단계에서 사업비 추정을 위한 기본 자료로 활용될 뿐 아니라, 연구 제안한 해체공사 원가계산체계 및 내역체계는 공공 건설공사의 발주업무에 유용하게 활용되리라 기대한다.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2000년도 하계학술대회 논문집 A
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• pp.289-291
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• 2000

In a competitive electricity power market, the price of electricity changes instantly, that of conventional market is predetermined and hardly changes. In such a new environment, customers' behaviors change instantly according to the changing electricity prices. If we develop a electricity load model that well describes the behavior of electricity consumers, we can utilize that model in forecasting the amount of future load, solving the load flow problem and finding the weak point of the system. In this paper new electricity model that considers the price of electricity and power factor of the load is presented. While conventional load model, which is demand function of electricity, uses the price of real and reactive power as the independent variable of the demand function. this new load model uses price of real power and penalty factor according to the power factor for the calculation of amount of electricity demand.

• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.203-209
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• 2017

The International maritime organization(IMO), in an effort to slow down the global warming, proposes reduction in ship's speed as a way to lower the rate emissions from ships. In addition, since ship's fuel cost have been increased, the shipping volumes, fuel-saving technology are being required urgently. Therefore, in this present study, a method of reducing the fuel cost that can improve the performance of the diesel engine was tried by introducing a predetermined amount (0.1~0.3% of the mass amount of fuel used) of hydrogen fuel additive. The experimental conditions of the test engine were 1500rpm and torque BMEP-10b ar. The engine performances (power output, fuel consumption rate, p-max, exhaust temperature) were compared before and after addition of hydrogen fuel additives. This experimental study confirmed reducing at least 2% fuel consumption and 2.19% NOx emission.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.328-332
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• 2006

Baikseolgi was made with Kugija powder with the intention to take advantage of its functional properties. Appropriate amount of Kugija powder (0$\sim$8%) was mixed with rice flour, sugar, salt, and water and then, steamed for predetermined time and their physicochemical and sensory properties were measured. pH decreased significantly while titratable acidity increased significantly with the addition of Kugija (p<0.05). The addition of Kugija powder did not significantly affect the moisture content (p>0.05) although it appeared to decrease with the higher amount of Kugija. Lightness (L-value) decreased significantly with the addition of Kugija (p<0.05), indicating that the color of Baikseolgi became dark as also indicated by the visual observation. Redness (a-value) and yellowness (b-value), on the other hand, increased significantly as the amount of Kugija increased in the sample (p<0.05). Both hardness and firmness decreased significantly with the addition of Kugija (p<0.05). Eight percentage Kugija Baikseolgi was significantly stronger in Kugija flavor (7.9), chewiness (6.1), sweetness (5.0), and yellowness (8.2) attributes than other samples, whereas control was significantly higher in mouthfeel (6.0) and hardness (6.0) attributes than others (p<0.05). Finally, consumer test indicated that 4% Kugija sample received the highest score in appearance (8.13) and overall acceptability (8.07) attributes.

• 한국항해학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.1-16
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• 1984

The economical property of a shipping enterprise, as well as other transportation industries, is determined by the difference between the freight earned and expense paid. This study can be regarded as a division of optimizing ship allocation to routes under the integrated port transport system. Fleet planning and scheduling require complicated allocations of cargoes to ships and ships to routes in order to optimize the given criterion function for a given forecast period. This paper deals with the optimum ship allocation problem minimizing the operating cost of ships in a shipping company. Optimum fleet operating for a shipping enterprise is very important, since the marine transportation is a form of large quantity transport requiring long-term period, and there is a strong possibility to bring about large amount of loss in operation resulting from a faulty ship allocation. Where there are more than one loading and discharging ports, and a variety of ship's ability in speed, capacity, operating cost etc., and when the amount of commodities to be transported between the ports has been determined, then the ship's schedule minimizing the operating cost while satisfying the transport demand within the predetermined period will be made up. First of all a formula of ship allocation problems will be established and then will be constructed to solve an example by the Integer Programming application after consideration of the ship's ability, supply and demand of commodity, amount of commodity to be transported, operating costs of each ship etc. This study will give good information on deciding intention for a ship oprator or owner to meet the computerization current with shiping management.