• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제15권12호
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• pp.1691-1698
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• 2001

In recent years, significant progress has been made in modeling turbulence behavior in plasma and its effect on transport. It has also been made in diagnostics for turbulence measurement; however, there is still a large gap between theoretical model and experimental measurements. Visualization of turbulence can improve the connection to theory and validation of the theoretical model. One method to visualize the flow structures in plasma is a laser Schlieren imaging technique. We have recently applied this technique and investigated the characteristics of a highly underexpanded pulsed plasma jet originating from an electrothermal capillary source. Measurements include temporally resolved laser Schlieren imaging of a precursor blast wave. Analysis on the trajectory of the precursor blast wave shows that it does not follow the scaling expected for a strong shock resulting from the instantaneous deposition of energy at a point. However, the shock velocity does scale as the square root of the deposited energy, in accordance with the point deposition approximation.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제19권10호
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• pp.1053-1061
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• 2009

The goal of this paper is to investigate the generation characteristics of the main impulsive noise sources generated by the supersonic flow discharging from a muzzle. For this, this paper investigates two fundamental mechanisms to sound generation in shocked flows: shock motion and shock deformation. Shock motion is modeled numerically by examining the interaction of a sound wave with a shock. The numerical approach is validated by comparison with results obtained by linear theory for a small disturbance case. Shock deformations are modeled numerically by examining the interaction of a vortex ring with a blast wave. A numerical approach of a dispersion-relation-preserving(DRP) scheme is used to investigate the sound generation and propagation by their interactions in near-field.

• 한국진공학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.51-58
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• 1998

Traveling wave reactor atomic layer epitaxy(ALE) 방법으로 ZnS와 ZnS:Tb박막을 성장하고 성장 조건에 따른 박막 특성을 연구하였다. ZnS박막의 precursor로는 ZnCl2와 H2S를 이용하였으며, 기판 온도 400-$500^{\circ}C$범위에서 성장하였다. 본 연구 논문에서는 성장온 도에 따른 ZnS박막의 결정성의 변화와 precursor에 의한 Cl유입량의 변화를 살펴보고 투과 전자현미경과 주사형 전자현미경으로 ZnS박막의 표면 형상과 미세구조를 관찰하였다. 연구 결과에 의하면 ALE에 의하여 매우 균일하고 hexagonal 2H구조의 결정성이 향상되었다. 성 장온도 $400^{\circ}C$에서 약 9at.%, $500^{\circ}C$에서 약 1at.%의 Cl이 유입되었으며, 박막 내에 유입된 Cl 은 표면으로의 segregation현상을 나타내었다. 또한 electroluminescent 소자의 녹색 형광재 료인 ZnS:Tb을 Tb precursor로 tris(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl 3,5-heptandionato)terbium을 이용하 여 성장하고 박막 결정성과 박막 내 불순물이 유입되는 경향 등을 연구하였다. Auger electron spectroscopy분석 결과에 의하면 0.5at.%의 Tb이 표함된 AnS:Tb박막은 C은 거의 포함하고 있지 않았으나 O은 약 1at.%정도 포함되어 있었다. ZnS:Tb박막은 Tb과 소량의 O 을 함유하고 있음에도 불구하고 결정성은 우수한 hexagonal구조를 유지하고 있었다.

• 한국결정성장학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.218-222
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• 2012

FeNi alloy nanofibers have been prepared by an electrospinning process followed by air-calcination and H2 reduction to develop electromagnetic (EM) wave absorbers in the giga-hertz (GHz) frequency range. The thermal behavior and phase and morphology evolution in the synthetic processes were systematically investigated. Through the heat treatments of calcination and H2 reduction, as-spun PVP/FeNi precursor nanofiber has been stepwise transformed into nickel iron oxide and FeNi phases but the fibrous shape was maintained perfectly. The FeNi alloy nanofiber had the high aspect ratio and the average diameter of approximately 190 nm and primarily composed of FeNi nanocrystals with an average diameter of ~60 nm. The FeNi alloy nanofibers could be used for excellent EM wave absorbing materials in the GHz frequency range because the power loss of the FeNi nanofibers increased up to 20 GHz without a degradation and exhibited the superior EM wave absorption properties compared to commercial FeNi nanoparticles.

• Carbon letters
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.198-201
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• 2009

Among other filters such as light filter, wave filter, air filter, ultra filter and filter paper, a novel adsorption filter from thermostable polyester nonwoven fabrics immobilized with functional super activated carbon by means of quinoline soluble, activateable isotropic pitch binder were developed in this study. The activated carbon precursor is available in the market branded as coconut shell based activated carbon(CCS-AC) produced by Dongyang Carbon Co. Ltd. BET-surface area of this precursor was $1,355\;m^2/g$, after KOH-activation it increased over $2,970\;m^2/g$ and was named as super activated carbon. In the preliminary research, this precursor was impregnated with $PdCl_2$(0.188 wt%) $KMnO_4$(3 wt%) and redox-agent(CuCl2, 0.577 wt%) in order to promote TOF up to 100/h and Selectivity up 99% and patented as a functional AC for the ethylene adsorption. The enhancement of the isotropic pitch binder to the AC-immobilized adsorption filter was BET-surface area upgraded by $266\;m^2/g$ and promoted the Iodine- and MB-adsorption by 1.4 times, respectively and also micro pore wide ranges < $5{\AA}{\sim}30\;{\AA}$ >.

• 한국분말재료학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.91-94
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• 2016

High-quality colloidal CdSe/ZnS (core/shell) is synthesized using a continuous microreactor. The particle size of the synthesized quantum dots (QDs) is a function of the precursor flow rate; as the precursor flow rate increases, the size of the QDs decreases and the band gap energy increases. The photoluminescence properties are found to depend strongly on the flow rate of the CdSe precursor owing to the change in the core size. In addition, a gradual shift in the maximum luminescent wave (${\lambda}_{max}$) to shorter wavelengths (blue shift) is found owing to the decrease in the QD size in accordance with the quantum confinement effect. The ZnS shell decreases the surface defect concentration of CdSe. It also lowers the thermal energy dissipation by increasing the concentration of recombination. Thus, a relatively high emission and quantum yield occur because of an increase in the optical energy emitted at equal concentration. In addition, the maximum quantum yield is derived for process conditions of 0.35 ml/min and is related to the optimum thickness of the shell material.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2007년도 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.1494-1498
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• 2007

Impulsive shooting noise is basically complex phenomenon which contains the linear and non-linear characteristics. For those reasons, numerical analysis of impulsive shooting noise has the difficulties in control of the numerical stability and accuracy on the simulation. In this research, Wave-number Extended Finite Volume Scheme (WEFVS) is applied to the numerical analysis of impulsive shooting noise. In the muzzle blast flow simulation, the generation of the precursor wave and the induced vortex ring are observed. Consequently, blast wave. vortex ring interaction and vortex ring. bow shock wave interaction are evaluated on the shooting process using the accurate and stable scheme. The sound generation in the interactions can be explained by the vorticity transport theorem. The shear layer is evolved behind the projectiles due to the jet flow. In these computations, the impulsive shooting noise is generated by the complex interaction with shooting process and is propagated to the far-field boundary. The impulsive shooting noise generation can be observed by the applications of WEFVS and analyzed by the physical phenomena.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제78권3호
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• pp.281-296
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• 2021

This article analyzed the modulus degradation of concrete subjected to multi-level compressive cyclic loading. The evolution of secant elastic modulus is investigated based on measurements from top loading platen and LVDT in the middle part of concrete. The difference value of the two secant elastic moduli is reduced when close to failure and could be used as a fatigue failure precursor. The fatigue hardening is observed for concrete during cyclic loading. When the maximum stress is smaller the fatigue hardening is more obvious. The slight increase of maximum stress will lead to the "periodic hardening". The tangent elastic modulus shows a specific "bowknot" shape during cyclic loading, which can characterize the hysteresis of stress-strain and is influenced by the cyclic loading stresses. The deterioration of secant elastic modulus acts a similar role with respect to the P-wave speed during cyclic loading, can both characterize the degradation of the concrete properties.

• 천문학회지
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• 제45권5호
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• pp.127-138
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• 2012

We explore how wave-particle interactions affect diffusive shock acceleration (DSA) at astrophysical shocks by performing time-dependent kinetic simulations, in which phenomenological models for magnetic field amplification (MFA), Alfv$\acute{e}$nic drift, thermal leakage injection, Bohm-like diffusion, and a free escape boundary are implemented. If the injection fraction of cosmic-ray (CR) particles is ${\xi}$ > $2{\times}10^{-4}$, for the shock parameters relevant for young supernova remnants, DSA is efficient enough to develop a significant shock precursor due to CR feedback, and magnetic field can be amplified up to a factor of 20 via CR streaming instability in the upstream region. If scattering centers drift with Alfv$\acute{e}$n speed in the amplified magnetic field, the CR energy spectrum can be steepened significantly and the acceleration efficiency is reduced. Nonlinear DSA with self-consistent MFA and Alfv$\acute{e}$nic drift predicts that the postshock CR pressure saturates roughly at ~10 % of the shock ram pressure for strong shocks with a sonic Mach number ranging $20{\leq}M_s{\leq}100$. Since the amplified magnetic field follows the flow modification in the precursor, the low energy end of the particle spectrum is softened much more than the high energy end. As a result, the concave curvature in the energy spectra does not disappear entirely even with the help of Alfv$\acute{e}$nic drift. For shocks with a moderate Alfv$\acute{e}$n Mach number ($M_A$ < 10), the accelerated CR spectrum can become as steep as $E^{-2.1}$ - $E^{-2.3}$, which is more consistent with the observed CR spectrum and gamma-ray photon spectrum of several young supernova remnants.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.154-163
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• 2018

우리나라뿐만 아니라 전 지구적으로 호우발생 빈도의 증가, 태풍이나 허리케인 세기의 강화 등에 따라 대규모 자연재해의 발생횟수와 피해액은 지속적으로 증가하는 추세이다. 태풍, 홍수, 호우, 강풍, 풍랑, 해일, 조수, 대설, 가뭄, 지진, 황사 등과 같은 자연재해는 발생지점과 규모를 예측하기 어려우며, 전조현상이 명확하게 나타나지 않아 대응에 많은 어려움이 존재한다. 그러나 자연재해의 피해규모를 예측할 수 있다면, 조기대응을 통해 피해를 저감할 수 있을 것이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 국민안전처에서 발간하는 재해연보('91년~'15년)를 기반으로 서해연안지역의 풍랑피해함수를 개발하였다. 풍랑피해함수는 지역별, 시설별로 구분하여 개발하였으며, NRMSE는 1.94%~26.07%로 분석되었다. 개발된 식을 통해 피해규모를 예측하고, 그에 대한 적절한 대응이 이루어진다면, 피해를 저감할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.