• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.45-51
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• 2011

Wild ginseng has been used as a traditional medicine for thousands of years and for increase physical strength in Korea, China and Japan. This study reports that cultivated wild ginseng (CWG) inhibits adipocyte differentiation of 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes in a concentration-dependent manner. Inhibition of adipocyte differentiation is one possible anti-obesity strategy. CWG inhibits the expression of the adipocyte differentiation regulator peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor (PPAR)${\gamma}$ and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein ${\alpha}$mRNA. It also inhibited the expression of PPAR${\gamma}$ and adiponectin at the protein level during the differentiation of pre-adipocytes into adipocytes. Additionally, CWG blocked the cell cycle at the sub-$G_1$ phase transition, causing cells to remain in the pre-adipocyte state. These results indicate that CWG inhibits adipocyte differentiation and adipogenesis through pre-adipocyte cell cycle arrest in cultured 3T3-L1 cells.

• 한국환경교육학회지:환경교육
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.77-88
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to analyze characteristics of environmental awareness and environmental worldviews on environmental UCCs which made by 27 pre-service biology teachers, and relationship between environmental awareness and environmental worldviews of them. Environmental worldviews were divided into planetary management worldview, stewardship worldview and environmental wisdom worldview. As for theme fo environmental UCCs, most of pre-service teachers chose themes such as environmental destruction, environmental protection, environmental conservation and coexistence with human and environment. Themes of environmental UCCs were somewhat different between females and males. Female pre-service teachers preferred UCC themes related to human's daily life as a consumer but males preferred to environmental protection. Many pre-service teachers referred that major cause of environmental problem was development of environment. Most of them had envionmental wisdom worldview, and tried to use fear appeal to express ways of solving of environmental problems and envieonmnetal worldviews. After making environmental UCCs, more pre-service teachers had envionmental wisdom worldview. This result implies that it is necessary to develop pre-service educational programs realted to environmental worldview formation.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.121-132
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• 2009

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to review the prevention of pre- or syncope by acupuncture of "Geum Chim Mae Hwa Si Cho" Methods : 1. The authors reviewed "Geum Chim Mae Hwa Si Cho" and several literatures related with pre- or syncope by acupuncture. 2. We investigated the causes and signs of pre- or syncope by acupuncture, and the mechanism and clinical usefulness of the prevention of pre- or syncope by acupuncture. Results and Conclusions : 1. Pre- or syncope by acupuncture is a kind of Myung Hyun phenomenon resulted from patients' failure of reception of acupuncture treatment. 2. "Geum Chim Mae Hwa Si Cho" said not to be confused by pre- or syncope, and suggested 8 items for prevention of pre- or syncope by acupuncture. 3. "Geum Chim Mae Hwa Si Cho" especially argued to give doctor's whole mind to patients, and relax the mental tension of patients. 4. Yang Myoung meridian occupies the biggest part in acupoints used for the first aid.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제45권6호
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• pp.528-533
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• 2007

In a previous study we generated an anti-Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) preS1 humanized antibody (HzKR127) that showed in vivo HBV-neutralizing activity in chimpanzees. However, the antigen-binding affinity of the humanized antibody may not be sufficient for clinical use and thus affinity maturation is required for better therapeutic efficacy. In this study, phage display technique was employed to increase the affinity of HzKR127. All six amino acid residues (Glu95-Tyr96-Asp97-Glu98-Ala99-Tyr100) in the heavy (H) chain complementary-determining region 3 (HCDR3) of HzKR127 were randomized and phage-displayed single chain Fv (scFv) library was constructed. After three rounds of panning, 12 different clones exhibiting higher antigen-binding activity than the wild type ScFv were selected and their antigen-binding specificity for the preS1 confirmed. Subsequently, five ScFv clones were converted to whole IgG and subjected to affinity determination. The results showed that two clones (B3 and A19) exhibited an approximately 6 fold higher affinities than that of HzKR127. The affinity-matured humanized antibodies may be useful in anti-HBV immunotherapy.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제28권8호
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• pp.1376-1383
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• 2018

The hepatitis B virus (HBV) envelope contains small (S), middle (M), and large (L) proteins. PreS1 of the L protein contains a receptor-binding motif crucial for HBV infection. This motif is highly conserved among 10 HBV genotypes (A-J), making it a potential target for the prevention of HBV infection. In this study, we successfully generated a neutralizing human monoclonal antibody (mAb), 1A8 (IgG1), that recognizes the receptor-binding motif of preS1 using a phage-displayed human synthetic Fab library. Analysis of the antigen-binding activity of 1A8 for different genotypes indicated that it can specifically bind to the preS1 of major HBV genotypes (A-D). Based on Bio-Layer interferometry, the affinity ($K_D$) of 1A8 for the preS1 of genotype C was 3.55 nM. 1A8 immunoprecipitated the hepatitis B virions of genotypes C and D. In an in vitro neutralization assay using HepG2 cells overexpressing the cellular receptor sodium taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide, 1A8 effectively neutralized HBV infection with genotype D. Taken together, the results suggest that 1A8 may neutralize the four HBV genotypes. Considering that genotypes A-D are most prevalent, 1A8 may be a neutralizing human mAb with promising potential in the prevention and treatment of HBV infection.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2008년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.487-490
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• 2008

Temperature programmed oxidation (TPO) is used to characterize coke species deposited on commercial nickel catalyst, C11-PR during propane pre-reforming. Propane pre-reforming performed under various condition, S/C from 1.5 to 2.5 and temperature from $350^{\circ}C$ to $450^{\circ}C$. There are three kinds of coke species detected by TPO: (i) reactive coke, (ii) coke deposited on metal site and (iii) coke deposited on acid support. Coke deposited on metal and support are minimized although reactive coke is generated at temperature of $400^{\circ}C$ and S/C of 2.0. Reactive coke is expected to remove easily below temperature of $200^{\circ}C$. Therefore, optimized pre-reforming condition for propane is $400^{\circ}C$ and S/C of 2.0.

• 한국문헌정보학회지
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.279-296
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• 2015

본 연구의 목적은 예비사서들이 도서관 견학프로그램을 통해 다양한 도서관의 사서직무들을 직접 보고 들어봄으로써 사서 핵심능력 중요도 인식에 어떠한 변화가 있는지를 밝혀 사서양성기관, 도서관의 견학담당 사서, 그리고 예비사서들에게 도서관 견학이 갖는 교육적 의의를 제시하기 위함이다. 도서관 견학프로그램에 참여한 예비사서 29명을 대상으로 도서관 견학프로그램을 적용하기 사전 사후 사서 핵심능력 중요도 인식에 관한 설문조사 분석 결과, 도서관 견학이 예비사서들의 사서 핵심능력에 대한 중요도 인식에 통계적으로 유의미한 차이가 있었다. 예비사서의 도서관 견학프로그램이 향후 사서 직무수행을 위한 사서 핵심능력 중요도 인식에 영향을 주어 예비사서의 자기주도적 학습에 동기유발이 될 수 있으며 사서양성기관에서는 현장기반의 사서 양성 교육과정 개발과 실행에 필요한 기초자료로 활용될 수 있다는 점에서 연구의 의의가 있다.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.649-659
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• 2022

The most important factor in pre-school children's psychological perception is ease of learning, and the closest measure is "natural" interaction. This study aims to explore the potential of tangible user interfaces (TUI) for AR collaboration for children's cognitive development. The conceptual model is constructed by analyzing physical interaction, spatial perception and social collaboration on the usability of TUI, to explore the role of TUI in pre-school children's cognition. In the empirical study, children aged 3-6 were taken as research objects. The experimental tool is "Plugo" education application. Parents answered questionnaires after observing their children's use. Research shows that physical interaction are the most critical factor in TUI. TUI is beneficial to the cultivation of spatial ability. The results are as follows: 1. Cronbach's Alpha and KMO were 0.921 and 0.965, which were significant and passed the reliability and validity test. 2. Through confirmatory factor analysis (model fit index, combinatorial validity), we found that physical interaction were closely related to usability. 3. The path analysis of the relationship proves that usability has a significant impact on the cultivation of pre-school children's spatial ability.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.566-568
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• 1998

Partial nucleotide sequence (nt 1-1842) of chloramphenicol resistance plasmid pKH7 has been reported previously and residual nucleotide sequence (nt 1843-4118) of pKH7 was determined and then the complete nucleotide sequence of pKH7 was obtained. pKH7 consists of 4118 bp and has three ORFs. Besides Rep and CAT proteins described in previous paper, Pre protein which mediates site-specific recombination in Staphylococcus aureus was found to be on pKH7. R $S_{A}$, a site-specific recombination site of Pre protein, and palA, a specific lagging-strand conversion signal, was also found in pKH7. Amino acid sequence of Pre protein of pKH7 was compared with those of other antibiotic resistant Staphylococcus aureus plasmids.s.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2021

This study investigated pre-service elementary teachers' understanding of the planetary revolution movement of Mars and their explanatory models to show how the Sun-Earth-Mars system worked. An assessment item set using five celestial maps drawn from the Stellarium was designed to probe pre-service teachers' understanding of the prograde-retrograde motion of Mars. Among 23 participants, only four showed scientifically accurate understanding of Mars movement and drawing correct explanatory models for the planetary movement. Even the pre-service teachers who construed correctly prograde and retrograde motions of Mars showed a clockwise movement model due to their intuitive perceptions of Mars movement data from the celestial maps. Pre-service teachers with poor understanding of planetary movement also showed weak explanatory models due to their limited observation or lower spatial thinking. Although the planetary motion is not an easy topic for pre-service elementary teachers, it can be argued if the alternative approach, such as using appropriate observational data of a planet and changing the frames of reference between Earth-based view and Space-based view, is employed effectively in teaching planetary motion, pre-service teachers can reach the upper level of leaning planetary motion in terms of the planet's revolution.