• 경영과학
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.45-60
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• 2010

This study evaluates life annuity plans based on two different types of measures : financial benefit and utility on consumption. The financial benefit is measured by Money's Worth (MW) ratio and return on annuity. For the measure of utility, an optimization problem is formulated with the objective of maximizing utility on consumption. To solve the optimization model, we use Dynamic Programming (DP) technique. The both types of measures are applied to cases of Korean pre-retirees at age 40 with different accumulation years of annuity (i.e. level of annuity asset at the age of retirement) and different timings of annuitization. Our results generally indicate that the utility based optimization model is superior to the financial measures in terms of providing a better evaluation of an annuity plan due to its capability to consider an individual's financial situation during his/her retirement period. Also, they suggest that the level of annuity asset is an important factor when an individual determines the optimal annuitization timing.

• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.122-128
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• 2017

Currently, the proportion of diesel vehicles in all automobile has grown significantly over the past few years. Air pollutant also grew up and became a social problem. In particular, the issue of NOx emissions caused by NOx high emission in real driving has become a global issue. Despite the fact that the regulatory and reduction project of the new vehicle is actively carried out, there are no existence regulations of In-use diesel vehicle's NOx emission. Therefore, the emission characteristics of the in-use diesel vehicles were investigated to seek ways to reduce NOx emissions in this study. The test targets were used in 237 close inspection of exhaust gases and model year varied from 1996 to 2011. However, the classification of emissions by emission standards differed considerably from NOx emissions. This means that the selection method for early retirement targets should be converted from model year to amount of emissions. If the current early retirement program was applied to the existing system, pre-Euro 3 was 22.530 g/km and Euro 4 was 21.810 g/km to NOx reduction. However, when the vehicle was changed to high emission target vehicle, NOx reduction increase maximum 84.705 kg/yr. According to the study results, an effective reduction in NOx emissions can be achieved if an earlier target in expanded to Euro 4 vehicles.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.1-4
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• 1988

The current use of leading causes of death is an outmoded, misleading counterproductive measure of importance of disease. The 'new' concept of productive years of life discounted to the future and combined with morbidity, disability, and direct cost measures will give a much more meaningful, useful measure of the magnitude of disease problems in Korea. I am looking forward to seeing refinements and improvements on this technique carried out by some readers of this paper.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.83-93
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• 2017

This research intends to find out the impact of housing wealth of home-owning pre-retirees and older adults consisting of young-old, middle-old and old-old groups on their household consumption. In doing so, this research analyzes 2,350 home-owning households by utilizing the 17th Korean Labour and Income Panel Study (KLIPS). The results show that housing wealth has a statistically significant effect on non-durable consumption of the pre-retirees, and young-old and middle-old groups of older adults, and housing wealth has a much stronger effect on household expenditure than does financial wealth or real estate. It's found that the consumption elasticity is particularly greater for female-headed households living in SMA, residing in apartments, holding a lower debt-to-asset ratio and being a pensioner. The empirical findings imply that the old-old group of older adults is unlikely to actively tap into their housing windfalls since housing asset becomes the last to dispose in the course of an individual's life. As housing wealth effects are especially strong when liquidity constraints faced by older adults are removed, it's of significance to substantially reduce household debt before retirement in order to constantly maintain an adequate level of household consumption or to promptly prepare for future contingencies.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제7권5호
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• pp.85-93
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• 2006

이 연구는 최근 건설 프로젝트의 불확실성이 증가하고, 국내 건설 산업이 다변화되는 상황에서 시작되었다 프로젝트의 Pre-Design 단계와 Construction 단계에서 얻을 수 있는 변수들을 도출해냄으로써 적절한 노무량을 예측할 수 있는 모델을 제시하는 데에 이 연구의 목적이 있다. 표준품셈과 같은 기존의 방법으로는 퇴직공제금과 같은비용을 정확하게 산출하는 데에 어려움이 있기 때문에 본 연구에서는 수도권 지역에서 2000년부터 현재까지 공사가 완료 된 공동주택 38곳의 실적자료를 이용한 통계적 방법을 사용하여, 실제 공사에 투입되고 있는 노무량과 공사의 전체적인 개요와의 상관관계를 분석하고, 회귀모델을 제시하였다. 회귀모델의 검증에서는 몇몇의 현장을 제외하고는 결과값이 통계적으로 비교적 유의한 것으로 확인되었다. 이 회귀모델은 기존의 방법보다 퇴직공제금의 적절한 산정에 도움을 줄 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 농촌지도와개발
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.1-14
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• 1997

This research was carried out to provide the basic informations for the study of the occupational socialization process of rural development workers. Until now in a study of rural development workers, the study about the socialization process, which is to study the whole change during the life, has not been sufficient. The occupational socialization process of rural development workers may be considered both a process from life as a pre-rural development workers to life as a rural development worker and a process of retirement or resigination as a rural development worker. The socialization process of rural development workers in general is presumed as the five steps. Each theme word corresponding to the cultural characters in each step is as following. (1) Expectation toward Uncertainty: Step before Life of Employing (2) Extra-Passion and Trial and Error: Step for Adapting the Working Life (3) Swimming: Step of Dissension and Desperation (4) Sinking or Avoiding Dissension: Step of Stability and Stagnation (5) Emptying a Lonely Mind: Step of Professional Inactivity and Retirement The five steps appear mixedly and irregularly. At each step, rural development workers can feel the sense of fruitage and dignity (a naive compensatory mind) despite appearance intermittent and unclear.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.63-71
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• 2008

The development of modern medicine and economic growth has caused the elderly population to increase rapidly in Korea and the country is becoming an aging society. As the population of elderly has increased the interest in silver towns has also increased. the elderly population is more affluent in the past and more willing to spend their money on themselves. This led to the need of supplying silver towns where they can have comfortable retirement. The research conducted for this study was to understand the silver town market by finding the preference of silver town service according to their life style. The target of this survey was the pre-elderly in the Cheongju area and several analysis techniques like factor analysis, crowding analysis, and conjoint analysis were used to understand the life style of the preelderly and preference factors of silver town services.

• 한국노년학
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.349-368
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• 2017

본 연구는 우리나라 은퇴 베이비부머의 소비패턴을 실증적으로 탐색하고, 소비패턴이 우울에 미치는 영향을 검증하는 데 목적을 두고 있다. 이를 위해 국민노후보장패널 5차 자료를 활용하여 은퇴 베이비부머 420명을 대상으로 잠재프로파일분석과 다중회귀분석을 실시하였다. 은퇴 베이비부머의 소비패턴을 분석한 결과, 기초생활중심형(26.9%), 균형소비생활형(29.3%), 사회생활중심형(18.3%), 여가생활중심형(18.5%), 교육비중심형(7.0%)의 5가지 유형이 실증적으로 구조화되었다. 그리고 우울과 관련된 인구사회적 요인, 건강상태, 가족관계, 사회관계, 경제상태를 통제한 상태에서 소비패턴과 우울의 관계를 분석한 결과, 소비패턴과 우울 사이의 유의미한 상관관계가 증명되었다. 구체적으로 교육비중심형 소비패턴보다 기초생활중심형 소비패턴의 우울수준이 유의하게 낮았다. 또한 교육수준이 높을수록, 배우자가 없는 경우, 주관적 건강상태가 나쁠수록, 신체기능에 제한이 있는 경우, 장애진단을 받은 경우, 자녀의 수가 적을수록, 여가활동에 만족하지 않을수록, 주관적 경제상태가 부정적일수록 우울수준이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구결과는 베이비부머를 표적집단으로 한 사회복지정책과 서비스 기획 실효성을 제고함과 동시에 은퇴 후 바람직한 소비패턴을 유지할 수 있는 은퇴 전 소비교육의 필요성 및 사례관리 현장에서의 노후 소비관리 프로그램의 필요성을 제언한다.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제7권5호
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• pp.201-211
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• 2016

최근의 규제완화 및 금융겸업화 추세로 인한 경쟁의 가속화는 생명보험산업에 큰 영향을 미쳐 생명보험사의 대형화와 인수 합병, 전략적 제휴 등 보험시장구조에 큰 변화를 가져왔다. 본 연구는 이러한 금융환경의 변화가 생명보험산업의 경쟁도에 어떠한 영향을 주었는지를 Panzar-Rosse 모형을 통해 분석한다. 방카슈랑스 시행 이전과 퇴직연금제도 시행 이전의 표본기간을 대상으로 한 분석에서는 H-통계량 값이 음의 값으로 추정되어 국내 생명보험산업이 독점 또는 카르텔로 추정되었으나, 방카슈랑스와 퇴직연금제도 시행 이후의 기간을 대상으로 한 분석에서는 H-통계량 값이 통계적으로 유의하게 양의 값으로 추정되어 생명보험산업이 독점적 경쟁상태로 평가되었다. 분석결과들을 요약하면 방카슈랑스의 시행과 퇴직연금제도의 시행으로 생명보험 회사들의 경영과 서비스의 효율성이 제고 되어 경쟁력 향상이 증진되어서 생명보험산업이 독점적 경쟁상태로 전환되었다고 판단된다.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.47-61
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to develop a life planning program for retired elderly people. This program is not a preparation program for elderly people prior to their retirement but a readjustment and re-planning their life after retirement. This program help retired elderly people to solve the life problem and set up a affirmative ones future image. Also this program pay regard to social, home backgrounds of this generation. The program consists of four session curriculums session 1 is entitled to &Make my future by oneself&, session 2 is &Enjoy healthy life as much as one can&, session 3 is &Have a heart for family& and session 4 is &Set up a mature old age&. A fled study has been conducted with ten retired elderly people who want to participated in the program voluntarily. 4 sessions each of which consists of 2 hours were performed at Korean Association of Retired Persons. Field test for program evaluation is designed to three steps: pre-test, post-test and one month follow-up test to measure the effectiveness of the program. According to evaluation results, the program shows a significantly positive effect on the improvement of elderly people's understanding about elderly life. At the one month follow-up assessment, the effect of program is still remained strongly even though there is a Partial slight increase or reduction which is not statistically significant. Most of the program participants have expressed high level of satisfaction with the program. For further study, we need various contents which are suited to larger group with diverse socio0-demographic backgrounds. At the same time, the program has diverse instruction methods which are pertinent to levels of participants. Also, the program needs to continuous adjustment to the next generation with their social, home backgrounds.