• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.74-83
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a child health care protocol for teachers in child day care centers. Methods: The ADDIE model with 10 Kid Keys was applied to develop this child health care protocol. All contents were developed through content validity test by 7 professionals and need assessment and evaluation by child day care center teachers. Results: This protocol consisted of 10 keys, as follows: "Health Examination/Growth & Development", "Practice of Health Life", "Management of Communicable Disease", "Negligent Accident", "Coping with Emergency and Transference", "Child Abuse", "Nutrition/Obesity", "Quality Assurance of Staff", "Parent Education", "Guidance & Supervision of Child Day Care Centers". The contents contained goals, objectives, teaching content, suggested activities for children, writing forms related to each subject, and self-evaluation sheet. Conclusion: This protocol can be practical and effective for child health care in child day care centers and it is hoped that it will be utilized in more child day care centers.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 2007.04a
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• pp.795-800
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• 2007

In the previous study, a simple but effective analysis procedure, named as an Improved Modal Pushover Analysis (IMPA) was proposed to estimates the seismic capacities of multi-span continuous bridge structures, on the basis of the modal pushover analysis which considers all the dynamic modes of a structure. Differently from other previous studies, IMPA maintains the simplicity of the capacity-demand curve method and also gives a better estimation of the maximum dynamic response of a structure. Nevertheless, its applicability has never been approved for multi-span continuous bridges with large differences in the length of their adjacent piers. This paper, accordingly, concentrates on a parametric study to verify the efficiency and limitation in application of IMPA through a correlation study between various analytical models including the Equivalent Single Degree Of Freedom (ESDOF) and Modal Pushover Analysis (MPA) usually used in the seismic design of structures. Based on the obtained numerical results, this paper introduces a practical guidance and/or limitation for using IMPA to predict the seismic response of a bridge effectively.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.139-146
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• 2009

Forest parks are regarded as one of the scientific ways to keep the forest sustainably developed, meanwhile deliver the benefits to the general public. The development of forest parks in China has experienced simply more than 20 years and both the exploitation and management institutions haven't been set up systematically, which, in reality, reflects as inadequate legislative and policy framework. Without the regulatory guidance and collaborating assistance of environment relating governmental sectors at both national and local levels, it's inevitable that the development of forest parks in the country would face constant problems and conflicts. Therefore, it might be helpful to sort out this conflicts and problems and further more to work out how to solve the barriers. The research in this report started with introducing the IUCN Protected Areas Categories, the overall current situations in China and compared the definition of forest parks in the country and that in international experience. It is to aim to find out the real usufruct rights conflicts during the exploitation and management of forest parks and the method used in this report is field visit, previous investigation, collecting secondary materials, interview, analysis and comparison. The research result in this report couldn't cover all the conflict situations during the forest parks' exploitation and management in China but will provide the analysis of this problem from the legal perspective. Practical application and concerning suggestion will be fully discussed in Part 5 in terms of legislative, social and environmental effects.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.40 no.7
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• pp.69-82
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• 2002

The objective of this study was to develop a Web based learning environment for Home Economics Education(HEE) using ICT (Information & Communication Technology). For the study, the following procedures were performed: 1) the review of literature, 2) development of teaming environment and questionnaires based on Web for HEE using ICT. The Web based learning environment was investigated and designed, and evaluated by the users. The problems indicated through the evaluation were revised and complemented. In addition, 13 sets of Learning questionnaires, which were verified using the same procedure as above, were developed to provide problem solving ability through the Web based learning environment. Learning environment based on the Web entitled "Together with the classroom of HEE" has a main menu, which is composed of rooms for HEE, students, teachers, various topics, recommendation sites, chatting, and e-mail. A room for HEE, in which teaming activity mainly occurs by following the sequences of learning procedures, includes other sub-rooms for the guidance of Loaming, discussion, directories for reference, question and answer, submission of homework, evaluation, and an encyclopedia. Therefore, this study implicates: 1) achievement of teaming environment using the ICT mainly made by students who solve problems closely related to daily life, 2) development of practical learning questionnaires fitted in the present state, 3) preparation for the curriculum. Finally, from this study, I suggested that further studies are needed to develop models for learning, interaction between students and teachers, and the learning materials under the Web based loaming environment.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.7
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• pp.123-129
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• 2018

This study aims m-learning based on UTAUT and learners' satisfaction For empirical analysis, a survey was conducted on 289 university students and SPSS 22.0, AMOS 21.0 were used. The result of structual equation modeling analysis are as follows: First, performance expectancy was influenced by security, diversity, economics. Second, performance expectancy, effort expectancy affect learners' satisfaction. This research provide practical guidance in m-learning based on UTAUT amd the limltation of this research and future study are discussed. In the future, variables of m-learning based on UTAUT including the general public besides university students will be complement to analyze.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.107-112
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• 2003

Recently, as use of chatting system is generalized, chatting system was utilized as an education tool that study English. Chatting system that do general chatting system and Hangul limitation chatting system is used for present English chatting. This chatting system is problem to use together with English and Hangul, or do not respond because done not know contents of word and so on. This Paper proposed EPUE chatting system that can heighten education effect of leading and writting in english supporting various function that do suitable control and guidance to English chatting user, that improve performance to use together with C/S and P2P.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.98-110
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to identify pre-service elementary school teachers' difficulties and needs in the science class utilizing smart technologies. The participants were nine pre-service elementary teachers who had practical training at an elementary school and took classes related to technology, pedagogy, and science knowledge. The data was collected through semi-constructed and in-depth interviews. The documents such as participants' guidance plans, daily records produced in teaching practice was collected and analyzed. The results of the research are as follow: Pre-service teachers have usually used the technology as a secondary transfer media to convey the knowledge. We found that the pre-service elementary teachers had 15 difficulties in the science class utilizing smart technologies. In addition, they needed a class to focus more on teaching them by integrating technology knowledge, pedagogy knowledge, and science knowledge, and by sharing a real case of science class utilizing smart technologies.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.367-383
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to develop a practical model for enhancing cooperative virtual reference services of public libraries in the nation. The research methods include an examination of model cases from Europe and the V.S. and also an electronic questionnaire survey of 375 public librarians (73% response rate). The study results suggest the need for 'a collaborative virtual reference room' which consists of the collaborative reference database, virtual reference desk, guidance and instruction designed by age groups and/or subjects.

• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.266-275
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• 2012

The rise of crowdsourcing and web 2.0 opens plenty of opportunities for companies who want to exploit external sources of ideas for internal innovation. Utilization of crowdsourcing for product design and development has been attracting the attention of both enterprises and researchers. Many cases of implementation of crowdsourcing for product design and development such as: Threadless, FIAT Mio, Lego online Factory, etc., have made crowdsourcing a promising alternative source of innovative power. Although crowdsourcing gained access due to improved Internet access and web 2.0, it is little understood how the crowd, with respect to participation, behaves for any crowdsourcing project. To investigate this, we conducted an experiment on a real crowd of engineering related individuals to figure out the crowd participation pattern for various product design and development phases of a new product development project. The experiment results give a quantitative view of the participation of the crowd (i.e., crowd participation pattern) in various phases of a product design and development process that utilizes crowdsourcing, provide a practical guidance for companies to harness the power of the crowd sensibly, and provide experimental data for further research in this field.

• Proceedings of the KOR-KST Conference
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• 2000.02a
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• pp.25-47
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• 2000

In route guidance systems fastest-path routing has typically been adopted because of its simplicity. However, empirical studies on route choice behavior have shown that drivers use numerous criteria in choosing a route. The objective of this study is to develop computationally efficient algorithms for identifying a manageable subset of the nondominated (i.e. Pareto optimal) paths for real-time vehicle routing which reflect the drivers' preferences and route choice behaviors. We propose two pruning algorithms that reduce the search area based on a context-dependent linear utility function and thus reduce the computation time. The basic notion of the proposed approach is that ⅰ) enumerating all nondominated paths is computationally too expensive, ⅱ) obtaining a stable mathematical representation of the drivers' utility function is theoretically difficult and impractical, and ⅲ) obtaining optimal path given a nonlinear utility function is a NP-hard problem. Consequently, a heuristic two-stage strategy which identifies multiple routes and then select the near-optimal path may be effective and practical. As the first stage, we utilize the relaxation based pruning technique based on an entropy model to recognize and discard most of the nondominated paths that do not reflect the drivers' preference and/or the context-dependency of the preference. In addition, to make sure that paths identified are dissimilar in terms of links used, the number of shared links between routes is limited. We test the proposed algorithms in a large real-life traffic network and show that the algorithms reduce CPU time significantly compared with conventional multi-criteria shortest path algorithms while the attributes of the routes identified reflect drivers' preferences and generic route choice behaviors well.