• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1996년도 하계학술대회 논문집 B
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• pp.1152-1154
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• 1996

In power transformers, vibration occurs at winding, core and case due to current, voltage, temperature changing and winding reformation. Winding deformation and change of vibration signals are occurred due to electromagnetic force induced by fault current. In this paper, in normal and fault states, the trends of fundamental waves and higher harmonics are considered. To inspect the factors that affect the fundamental waves and higher harmonics, the trends are considered with varying voltage and load. Determination functions are generated and applied to signals so that normal and fault state are determined by determination functions.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.391-397
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• 2006

We present investigations of a hybrid type superconducting fault current limiter (SFCL), which consists of transformers and resistive superconducting elements. The secondary windings of the transformer were separated into several electrically isolated circuits and linked inductively with each other by mutual flux, each of which has a superconducting current limiting element of $YBa_2Cu_3O_7$ (YBCO) stripes as a current limiting element. Simple connection in series of the SFCL elements tends to produce ill-timed quenching because of power dissipation unbalance between SFCL elements. Both electrical isolation and mutual flux linkage of the elements provides a solution to power dissipation unbalance, inducing simultaneous quench and current redistribution of the YBCO films. This design enables to increase the voltage rating of SFCL with given YBCO stripes.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2000년도 하계학술대회 논문집 C
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• pp.1903-1905
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• 2000

Power transformers have a tendency of ultra-high voltage capacity as power demand increases day after day KEPCO also will have plan to supply transmission power from 345KV to 765KV in the early of 2000. Therefore, the fault by insulation destruction gives rise to large area of power failure in huge capacity transformers. On-line predictive diagnostics is very important in power transformers because of economic loss and its spreading effect. This study presents the algorithm for transformer oil analysis used KEPCO code, IEC code, gas pattern method and Dornenburg & Roger Ratio method. We also describe the MMI display of expert system programmed by Element Expert Tool(Neuron Data Inc.).

• 대한전기학회논문지:전력기술부문A
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• 제49권2호
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• pp.50-55
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• 2000

This paper presents the feature extraction of fault currents related to the multi-shot reclosing scheme in the power distribution system. In order to get the fault current waveform, we have measured the fault currents by the fault recorders which have been installed at the secondary side of 154/22.9[kV] substation transformer. These waveforms are classified into temporary and permanent fault. For the classified waveforms, Fourier transform is used to extract the feature of the fault current waveforms. After the waveforms are analyzed by using Fourier transform, the magnitude spectrum and the relative variation of THD (Total Harmonic Distortion) are calculated. And then the relative variation of THD is great in the temporary faults, and is small in the permanent faults.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제26권7호
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• pp.70-76
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• 2012

In general, the unidirectional power flow is normal in distribution feeders before activation of distributed power source such as PV. However, the interactive power flow is likely to occur in case of the power system under distributed generation. This interactive power flow can cause an unexpected effect on convectional protection coordination systems designed based only on the unidirectional power flow system. When the power line system encounters a problem, the interactive power flow can be a contributed current source and this makes the fault current bigger or smaller compared to the unidirectional case. The effect of interactive power flow is varied depending on the location of the point to ground fault, relative location of the PV, and connection method. Therefore it is important to analyse characteristics of fault current and interactive flow for various transformer connection and location of the PV. This paper proposes a method of improved protection coordination which can be adopted in the protective device for customers in distribution feeders interconnected with the PV. The proposed method is simulated and analysed using PSCAD/EMTDC under various conditions.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전력기술부문A
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.226-233
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• 1999

Protective relay for transformer operates in general by comparing with the differential current and the restraint current. These kinds of currents are changed on magnitude and phasor during the fault according to winding type and vector group. This paper presents the differential and restraint currents and operational principle of differential protective relay for two-winding and three-winding transformer with graphical mode. It is developed using MATLAB for and educational purpose on engineer related in power system and protection in university and power utility including large factory.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.486-491
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• 2010

In this paper, it is identified that high-level vibration of the single phase main power transformers shut down due to the mechanical fault. vibration sources of the SPR in the transformer's are identified and the SPR vibrations are reduced by structural modification. For vibration characteristic identification, vibration signals were measured with an accelerometer when the transformer is driving. These signals are presented in a FFT analysis in order to find the dependency of frequency components on the transformer. From finite element analyses and some experiments, it is also found that resonances occur because the natural frequencies of the SPR exist in usual driving range. To shift the natural frequencies outside the driving range, the SPR is modified by increasing stiffness. It is verified that considerable amounts of vibration are reduced by the structural modification.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제60권6호
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• pp.1268-1273
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• 2011

The study on power capacity increase of superconducting fault current limiter (SFCL) is one of the most important researches to apply a SFCL in the power system. To achieve this, we thought that the unbalanced quenching problem generated in series connection of superconducting units should be solved. In this paper, we investigated the quenching characteristics of superconducting units in the transformer-type SFCL with or without the neutral line between secondary windings and superconducting units. In case of transformer-type SFCL without neutral line, the connection structure of superconducting units is identical to that of the resistive-type SFCL connected in series. Therefore, the unbalanced quenching was occurred by difference of critical current between superconducting units. However, in case of transformer-type SFCL with neutral line, the superconducting units with different critical current were simultaneously quenched. It was because the currents induced by secondary winding were separately flowed through the superconducting units. By these results, we confirmed that the resistances and consumption powers of the superconducting units were equally generated.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.2256-2261
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• 2015

In the power plant using high temperature fuel cells such as Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell(MCFC), and Solid Oxide Fuel Cell(SOFC), the generated electric power per area of power generation facilities is much higher than any other renewable energy sources. - High temperature fuel cell systems are capable of operating at MW rated power output. - It also has a feature that is short for length of the line for connecting the interior of the generation facilities. In normal condition, these points are advantages for voltage drops or power losses. However, in abnormal condition such as fault occurrence in electrical system, the fault currents are increased, because of the small impedance of the short length of power cable. Commonly, to minimize the thermal-mechanical stresses on the stack and increase the systems reliability, we divided the power plant configuration to several banks for parallel operation. However, when a fault occurs in the parallel operation system of power main transformer, the fault currents might exceed the interruption capacity of protective devices. In fact, although the internal voltage level of the fuel cell power plant is the voltage level of distribution systems, we should install the circuit breakers for transmission systems due to fault current. To resolve these problems, the SFCL has been studied as one of the noticeable devices. Therefore, we analyzed the effect of application of the SFCL on bus tie in a fuel cell power plants system using PSCAD/EMTDC.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제23권11호
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• pp.52-60
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• 2009

High reliability is essential for power transformers, and their fault causes are reportedly more related to mechanical causes than electrical ones. The transformer soundness judgment currently depends only on the electrical insulation characteristic and the chemical test of the insulation oil, so that there are few fundamental measures against the frequent mechanical damages and failures in transformers. The mechanical soundness judgment techniques are conducted through processes that include structural analysis and vibration resistance treatment during the manufacturing process of each manufacturer, but the vibration is not tested during the design, manufacturing, and operating processes since there are no detailed technical standards and procedures on the vibration problem, which are important in terms of maintenance. Therefore, in this study, vibration phenomena were measured from the 32 power transformers in operation in the substations under the Daejeon Power Transmission District Office of the Korean Electric Power Corporation (KEPCO). The vibration was measured at 24 sections ($6{\times}4$) on one side, and only the maximum values were selected from the measured vibration values. This was because the maximum vibration values more significantly affect the soundness of the transformer than the average vibration values. The vibration classes were given considering the maximum vibration based on ISO 10016-1 (2001).