• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.41-49
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• 2008

Sensor networks are often deployed in unattended environments, thus leaving these networks vulnerable to false data injection attacks in which an adversary injects forged reports into the network through compromised nodes. Such attacks by compromised sensors can cause not only false alarms but also the depletion of the finite amount of energy in a battery powered network. In order to reduce damage from these attacks, several security solutions have been proposed. Researchers have also proposed some techniques to increase the energy-efficiency of such security solutions. In this paper, we propose a CH(Cluster Header) selection algorithm to choose low power delivery method in sensor networks. The CNP(Contract Net Protocol), which is an approach to solve distribution problems, is applied to choose CHs for event sensing. As a result of employing CNP, the proposed method can prevent dropping of sensing reports with an insufficient number of message authentication codes during the forwarding process, and is efficient in terms of energy saving.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.1065-1094
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• 2014

Civil engineers always face the challenge of uncertainty in planning, building, and maintaining infrastructure. These works rely heavily on a variety of surveying and monitoring techniques. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are an effective approach to obtain information from an additional view, and potentially bring significant benefits to civil engineering. This paper gives an overview of the state of UAV developments and their possible applications in civil engineering. The paper begins with an introduction to UAV hardware, software, and control methodologies. It also reviews the latest developments in technologies related to UAVs, such as control theories, navigation methods, and image processing. Finally, the paper concludes with a summary of the potential applications of UAV to seismic risk assessment, transportation, disaster response, construction management, surveying and mapping, and flood monitoring and assessment.

• Asian Journal for Public Opinion Research
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.161-187
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• 2021

To address threats to the natural environment, the government in Pakistan has banned the use of plastic bags for shopping. The concept of governmentality presented by Michel Foucault explores the techniques of governance and defines law not just as the manifestation of sovereign power but also as a technique of governance involving a range of organized practices designed to shape mentalities to achieve certain desired ends in subjects which claim to be for the welfare of the population. The present study explores the perceptions of the consumers regarding the rationality of the government behind the ban and also highlights the effectiveness of the use of law as a technique of governance. A qualitative approach was used by conducting fifteen interviews with young consumers selected through convenience sampling. The findings suggest that the rationality of the government behind the ban was received well by the consumers and the ban was viewed as a positive and pro-environmental step. The use of law as a technique of governance also proved to be effective in the said case because the people did not perceive the law as coercive despite the radical change it brought to their shopping practices. The present study contributes to the development of the theoretical understanding of governmentality and its sub-concept of the use of law as a technique of governance.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.1028-1035
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• 2005

Traditional Industries were planning the major role for Taiwan's economy. However, we need to face the competition from developing countries. Moving manufacturing department to other low salary countries, such as China, can only temporarily release some limited pressure. The final and complete solutions are to equip on R&D, refine techniques, improve management capabilities, upgrade business, and reform physique. Currently there are some ERP systems on the market; however, they are designed for common purpose and difficult to introduce into industry. The expensive price is another factor to make them be popular. In this research we will Object Oriented, Visual Modeling, ER Model and Windows Environment to develop an Integrated Management System for Sports Requisites Industries (IMSSRI). We will integrate all information from all departments such as development, business, material administration, manufacture, shipping, and financial. When development people construct the all modules, components, cutting molds, materials and accessories, IMSSRI will calculate all needed materials and cost for each product. This cost will be used for quotation to report to our customers. When customers confirm the order, system will transfer all necessary materials into Material Administration System. IMSSRI can generate manufacturing forms and material raw lists for manufacture department. All related information such as stocking, returning goods, material requesting, and material returning can be integrated so we can control all details of the whole enterprise. Through the help of this system, we hope we can save man-power, reduce human mistakes, raise management capabilities for tradition manufacturing industries and create another possibility of eternal operating for Taiwan's Industries.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.453-460
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• 2017

High voltage power transmission lines have been to keep the proper dip for maintenance. Powerline dips at a random point are conventionally measured by the direct or indirect observation but it is not only unsafe but labor-intensive. Therefore in this study we applied the photogrammetric technique to remotely measure the powerline dips. Since it is not easy to extract conjugate points from linear powerlines, we exploited the epipolar lines acrossing the powerlines for 3D mapping of the powerlines and dip measurements. The vertical mapping accuracy estimated at two field-surveyed power line points was 15~16cm that are within 5% of deflection at the points and less than 3% of the powerline dip.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.29-34
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• 2015

As smart grid techniques developed, public attention is concentrating on energy efficiency. So it is necessary to study on new renewable energy in order to manage the energy within micro grid consisting smart grid. Among them, small hydro energy has the advantage of being installable anywhere depending the amount of water used by the users within micro grid. This study examines if the measured value is appropriate for small hydro power generation by measuring generation quantity and operation rate of generator based on the sewage flow used by apartments and multi-unit dwellings where those users live. Some appropriate apartments and multi-unit dwellings generate electricity with small hydro generator using sewage as potential energy. This study intends to suggest more effective management by introducing energy management system and electricity storage device of micro grid.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.631-637
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• 2014

Recently, following the application of modular housing techniques to not only residential sector, but also to business sector, the scope of modular housing market b expanding. In the case of other developed countries, such markets are entering into the maturity stage, though the market in Korea is not fully formed yet. Thus, it is difficult to check its trend to estimated mid- to long-term prospects of the market. In this context, the study predicted demand of the modular housing market by using a non-linear prediction model based on time series analysis. To get the prospects for the modular housing market, the quantity of housing supply was estimated based on the estimated quantity of newly built housings, and assumed that a portion of the supplied quantity would be the demand for modular housings. Based on the assumption of demand for modular housings, several scenarios were analyzed and the prospects of the modular housing market was obtained by utilizing the non-linear prediction model.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
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• 2016.11a
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• pp.172-172
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• 2016

The International Maritime Organization(IMO) adopted the International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships' Ballast Water and Sediments in 2004 to prevent the transfer of aquatic organisms via ballast water. Forty ballast water treatment systems were granted final approval. A variety of techniques have been developed for ballast water treatment including UV treatment, indirect or direct electrolysis, ozone treatment, chemical compounds and plasma-arc method. In particular, using plasma and ozone nano-bubble treatments have been attracted in the fields. However, these treatment systems have a problem such as remained toxic substance, demand for high power source, low efficiency, ets. In this paper, we present our strilization results obtained from membrane type electrolytic-reduction treatment system The core of an electrolysis unit is an electrochemical cell, which is filled with pure water and has two electrodes connected with an external power supply. At a certain voltage, which is called critical voltage, between both electrodes, the electrodes start to produce hydrogen gas at the negatively biased electrode and oxygen gas at the positively biased electrode. The amount of gases produced per unit time is directly related to the current that passes through the electrochemical cell. From the results, we could confirm the sterilization effect of bacteria such as S. aureus, E. Coli and demonstrate the mechanism of sterilization phenomena by electrolytic-reduction treatment system.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.11
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• pp.7541-7548
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• 2015

Wireless Sensor Networks is the technology which is used in explore role for military purposes, as well as various fields such as industrial equipment management, process management, and leverage available technologies by distributing node into various areas. but there are some limitations about energy, processing power, and memory storage capacity in wireless sensor networks environment, because of tiny hardware, so various routing protocols are proposed to overcome it. however existing routing protocols are very vulnerable in the intercommunication, because they focus on energy efficiency, and they can't use existing encryption for it, Because of sensor's limitations such like processing power and memory. Therefore, this paper propose mutual authentication scheme that prevent various security threats by using mutual authentication techniques and, Key generation and updating system as taking into account energy efficiency.

• Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.871-880
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• 2017

Recently, service based on internet is inter-connected and integrated with a variety of connection. This kind of internet of things consist of heterogenous devices such as sensor node, devices and end-to end equipment which used in conventional protocols and services. The representative system is healthcare system. From healthcare appliance used by IoT, patient and doctor can utilize healthcare information with safety and high speed management. It is very convenient management to operate mobility. But it induced security and vulnerability issues because it has small memory capacity, low power supply and low computing power. This made impossible to implement security algorithm with embedded engine based on hardware. Nowdays, we can't realize conventional standard algorithm due to these kinds of reasons. From the critical issues, it occurred security and vulnerability issues. Therefore, we analysed and compared with conventional method and proposed techniques. Finally, we evaluated security issues and requirement for end-to-end point healthcare system based on internet of things.