• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.47-54
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• 1995

Safflower is natural red dye largely used for dyeing on cotton. It contains yellowish safflower yellow and reddish carthamin, whose constitution is known. Safflower yellow is water-soluble dye and carthamin is solved in alkaline condition. Carthamon obtained by adding acidic solution to a carthamin shows the original hue of safflower. In present study, the dyeing behavior of natural dye known as safflower are examined in an aqueous acidic medium by use of the different dyeing methods such as traditional, modern and purifide-powder method. The relationship between the dye-uptake of cotton fabric investigated by the three methods and the various dyeing conditions is discussed.

• Advances in nano research
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.111-121
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• 2015

$CoFe_2O_4$ nanotubes and porous nanorods were prepared via a simple one-pot template-free hydrothermal method and were used as an adsorbent for the removal of dye contaminants from water. The properties of the synthesized nanotubes and porous nanorods were characterized by electron diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and x-ray powder diffraction. The Adsorption characteristics of the $CoFe_2O_4$ were examined using polar red dye and the factors affecting adsorption, such as, initial dye concentration, pH and contact time were evaluated. The overall trend followed an increase of the sorption capacity reaching a maximum of 95% dye removal at low pHs of 2-4. An enhancement in the removal efficiency was also noticed upon increasing the contact time between dye molecules and $CoFe_2O_4$ nanoparticles. The final results indicated that the $CoFe_2O_4$ nanotubes and porous nanorods can be considered as an efficient low cost and recyclable adsorbent for dye removal with efficiency 94% for Cobalt ferrite nanotubes and for Cobalt ferrite porous nanorods equals 95%.

• 한국분말야금학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국분말야금학회 2006년도 춘계학술강연 및 발표대회강연 및 발표논문 초록집
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• pp.71-72
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• 2006

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.18-26
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• 2012

In this work, colorants extraction process from gromwell was studied for making powder form of colorants by solving the high viscosity problem of gromwell extracts. In order to do that, sugar extracted together with colorants must be pre-extracted. For sugar decomposition, gromwell roots were pretreated with various enzyme solutions. The total sugar content of pre-extract with enzyme solution was measured. Accordingly, the effects of enzyme type and pretreatment condition on sugar decomposition were investigated to find appropriate enzyme(amylase, hemicellulase, pectinase) and enzyme activity (100~1000unit), pre-extracted time(3~24hr). Color characteristics and dye uptake of dyed fabrics were evaluated. Gromwell colorants were assessed for their potential antimicrobial activities, which possibly expand their end use as functional pigments. The efficiency of removing sugar was increased in the order of hemicellulase, pectinase, amylase, $H_2O$. Gromwell colorants powder yield was in the range of 4.4% to 9.8% depending on pretreatment enzyme. Gromwell colorants produced RP color on the silk and wool fabrics with good dye uptake. Antimicrobial activity of gromwell colorants will greatly increase its potentiality for applying as functional natural colorants in the future.

• 마이크로전자및패키징학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.57-62
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• 2011

염료 감응 태양 전지(Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells: DSSCs)의 에너지 변환효율은 $TiO_2$ 전극의 입자 크기, 구조 및 표면 형태에 의존한다. 높은 비표면적을 갖는 나노 크기의 아나타제 $TiO_2$는 많은 염료를 흡착할 수 있어 변환효율을 증가 시킨다. 또한 전극 내부에서 태양광의 산란을 증가 시키면, 염료가 태양광을 흡수하는 양이 증가하여 효율이 증가할 수 있다. 수열 합성법으로 합성한 $TiO_2$ 분말의 크기는 15-25 nm이고, 결정상은 구형의 anatase 상이다. 0.4 ${\mu}m$의 $TiO_2$ 산란입자를 합성한 나노 크기의 $TiO_2$ 분말에 혼합하여 전극을 제조하고, DSSCs를 제작한 후 변환효율을 측정하였다. 10% 의 산란 입자가 포함된 DSSCs는 단락전류 3.51 mA, 개방전압 0.79 V, 곡선인자 0.619로 6.86%의 변환 효율을 나타 내었다. 산란 입자의 영향으로 단락전류밀도는 11% 증가하였고, 효율은 0.77% 증가하였다. 산란 입자가 포함되지 않은 DSSCs 보다 산란 입자가 전극으로 들어온 태양광을 산란시켜 전자-홀 쌍의 생성을 증가 시키고, 전자가 전극을 따라 이동하는 경로가 감소하여 효율이 증가하였다. 10% 이상의 산란 입자는 전극 내부에 입자 크기의 큰 기공을 증가 시켜 효율이 감소하였다.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.342-359
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• 2018

This research investigated the relationship between the amount of fixed pigment and the color of silk dyed with three types of fermented indigo powder dye under different temperatures and pH, by reduction or nonreduction method. Amount of fixed pigment was analyzed using the Ultimate 3000 HPLC-DAD instrument and the color of dyed silk was measured using the X-rite spectrocolorimeter. All silk samples dyed by reduction method showed PB color. The amount of indigotin fixation was dependent on the dyeing temperature and pH regardless of the indigotin composition in the dye. Indirubin was less dependent upon the dyeing condition in the reduction dyeing and its fixation was minimum level. Dyeing conditions which can maximize the indigotin fixation were $50^{\circ}C/pH$ 11 and $70^{\circ}C/pH$ 7 conditions in reduction dyeing. Color of silk showed more redness ($a^*$) thus higher PB color when the indigotin fixation was low and indirubin fixation was relatively high. Indirubin fixation was very low with slightly better fixation by nonreduction method. More reddish color was obtained by nonreduction dyeing, and by more alkaline dyebath.

• 한국분말재료학회지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.305-309
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• 2009

The effect of light scattering layers (400 nm, TiO$_2$ particle) of 4 $\mu$m thickness on the dye-sensitized solar cell has been investigated with a 12 $\mu$m thickness of photo-anode (20 nm, TiO$_2$ particle). Two different structures of scattering layers (separated and back) were applied to investigate the light transmitting behaviors and solar cell properties. The light transmittance and cell efficiency significantly improved with inserting scattering layers. The back scattering layer structure had more effective transmitting behavior, but separated scattering layer (center: 2 $\mu$m, back: 2 $\mu$m) structure (9.83% of efficiency) showing higher efficiency (0.6%), short circuit current density (0.26 mA/cm$^2$) and fill factor (0.02). The inserting separating two scattering layers improved the light harvesting, and relatively thin back scattering layer (2 $\mu$m of thickness) minimized interruption of ion diffusion in liquid electrolyte.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제17권9호
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• pp.988-993
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• 2004

Luminescence characteristics of Ag-doped ZnO as the quantum dot materials to increasing the efficiency on dye-sensitized solar cells (DSC) have been studied. Ag doped ZnO powder was produced by the self-sustaining combustion process using ultrasonic spraying heating method. Luminescence wavelength region of the ZnO by Ag doping was shifted to longer wavelength. Tn the case of the Ag doped ZnO powder, broad luminescence spectrum centered on 600nm was observed. On the other hand, we compared PL data of RTA treated ZnO:Ag film at various temperatures because the front electrode of solar cell was in need of the sintering process. In XRD and PL data for RTA treated film at the 500$^{\circ}C$ showed good property. And, it was found that the grain size wasn't growing but only optical property was changed. According to the result of XRD, PL, absorption, emission spectrum and DV-X${\alpha}$ used in theoretical calculation, it is considered to be possible to use Ag doped ZnO as quantum dot material for improving DSC efficiency.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2011년도 제40회 동계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.381-381
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• 2011

In this study, a TiO2 colloidal sol was synthesized by sol-gel process, which was used as a "glue" agent to enhance interconnection of TiO2 particles in low temperature process for plastic dye sensitized solar cell. The crystalline phase of this TiO2 glue is pure anatase with average particles size of 5 nm, which was characterized by powder X-ray diffraction and high revolution-TEM. The viscous alcoholic paste without any organic binder was prepared from the mixture of commercial P25 powder and glue. Paste composition and sintering process parameters were optimized for high photovoltaic performance based on low temperature process. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and photocurrent-photovoltage transient spectroscopy were also employed to investigate the mechanism of electron transport in this binder free TiO2 film system.

• 한국분말재료학회지
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.449-455
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• 2010

The hybrid structured photo-electrode for dye-sensitized solar cells was fabricated based on the composites of $TiO_2$ nanoparticles and nanowires. Three samples with different hybrid structures were prepared with 17 vol%, 43 vol%, and 100 vol% nanowires. The energy conversion efficiency was enhanced from 5.54% for pure nanoparticle cells to 6.01% for the hybrid structure with 17 vol% nanowires. For the hybrid structured layers with high nanowires concentration (43 vol% and 100 vol%), the efficiency decreased with the nanowire concentration, because of the decrease of specific surface area, and of thus decreased current density. The random orientations of $TiO_2$ nanowires can be preserved by the doctor blade process, resulted in the enhanced efficiency. The hybrid structured $TiO_2$ layer can possess the advantages of the high surface area of nanoparticles and the rapid electron transport rate and the light scattering effect of nanowires.