• 대한약리학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.47-52
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• 1965

There are several methods used for screening and evaluating anti -inflammatory agents. Among these, 'Granuloma pouch' technic introduced by Hans Selye is considered as a simple and reliable method. The procedure of 'Granuloma pouch' technic is as follows: Rats were used as experimental animals. An air pocket was produced in the subcutaneous tissue of the mid-dorsal portion between the shoulders by the injection of 25ml of the air which was immediately followed by injection of 1 ml of 1% croton oil as irritant. Inflammatory exudate accumulated in the pouch during the succeeding 14 days. After sacrificing the rats on the last day of the experiment, the amount of the exudate in the pouch and the weight of the granuloma tissue was measured. The author observed and compared the anti-inflammatory activities of the several steroid compounds when they are given by different methods. 1. In the control rats, the amount of inflammatory fluid and the weight of the granuloma tissue after 14 days were 9ml and 3gm respectively. 2. Injection of hydrocortisone 1.5mg subcutanenusly, 24 hours prior to pouch formation into the area where the pouch is to be formed, successfully prevented the inflammatory processes. 3. Injection of hydrocortisone 1.5mg in the air pocket formed 24 hours prior to croton oil injection was ineffective. 4. Injection of hydrocortisone into the pouch at a distance of 5mm apart from the pouch formation did not prevent the development of inflammation. 5. Anti-inflammatory activities of hydrocortisone administered systematically(injected intramuscularly into the area which is not related to the area of pouch formation) for 10 days were proportional to the doses of hydrocortisone administered. 6. DOCA, testosterone, and progesterone did not show the anti-inflammatory activity.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.541-546
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• 1996

This study was attempted to evaluate quality of retort-pouched conuiment food by adding garlic, ginger, redpepper in cooking soybean paste pot stew. Cooked and storaged retort-pouch soybean paste pot stew with four different levels of garlic, ginger, red-pepper (T$_1$garlic 2%, T$_2$: ginger l％, T$_3$: red-pepper 2%,T$_4$: garlic 2%+ginger 1 ％) was tested for sensory evaluation, pH, TBA value, and microbiological number changes. 1) No systematic increase of total bacteria counts was detected during the storage periods for bowl or retort pouch soybean-paste samples. The inclusions of ginger extract did not pose any microbiological safty problem. 2) Sensory evaluation conducted by fifteen university students as panelists showed that there were significant differences among five samples in color, flavour, and appearance and a notable preference for T$_1$ sample. 3) There was a slowly increase of TBA value during the first 5-7 days of storage in retort-pouch and bowl. The inclusion of ginger extract at 1.0％ level tended to lower TBA values.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제24권9호
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• pp.1203-1210
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• 2021

In this paper, we developed the inspection system of electric vehicle pouch battery using image processing. Line scan cameras are used for acquiring the all parts of the pouch battery, and several steps of image processing for extracting significant dimensions(User Required Position) of the battery. In image processing, edge lines, node points, dimension lines, etc. were extracted using Preprocessor, Square Edge Detection, and Size Detection algorithms. This is used to measure the dimensions of the location requested by the user on the pouch battery. For verification of the inspection system, the dimensions of three pouch batteries produced in the same process were measured, and the mean and standard deviation were obtained to confirm the precision.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.23-36
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• 2022

Pharyngeal pouches, a series of outgrowths of the pharyngeal endoderm, are a key epithelial structure governing facial skeleton development in vertebrates. Pouch formation is achieved through collective cell migration and rearrangement of pouch-forming cells controlled by actin cytoskeleton dynamics. While essential transcription factors and signaling molecules have been identified in pouch formation, regulators of actin cytoskeleton dynamics have not been reported yet in any vertebrates. Cofilin1-like (Cfl1l) is a fish-specific member of the Actin-depolymerizing factor (ADF)/Cofilin family, a critical regulator of actin cytoskeleton dynamics in eukaryotic cells. Here, we report the expression and function of cfl1l in pouch development in zebrafish. We first showed that fish cfl1l might be an ortholog of vertebrate adf, based on phylogenetic analysis of vertebrate adf and cfl genes. During pouch formation, cfl1l was expressed sequentially in the developing pouches but not in the posterior cell mass in which future pouch-forming cells are present. However, pouches, as well as facial cartilages whose development is dependent upon pouch formation, were unaffected by loss-of-function mutations in cfl1l. Although it could not be completely ruled out a possibility of a genetic redundancy of Cfl1l with other Cfls, our results suggest that the cfl1l expression in the developing pouches might be dispensable for regulating actin cytoskeleton dynamics in pouch-forming cells.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.694-697
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• 2005

The objectives of this study were to compare the quality changes of cheese slices individually packed in four kinds of edible pouches in order to select the most suitable variety for individual packaging. The edible Z2 pouch (zein with oleic acid) was selected as maintaining the best cheese qualities based on the physical and microbiological changes undergone by the samples over 4-week storage at $5^{\circ}C$. The cheese sample individually packed in Z2 inner edible pouch and repacked in a plastic (OPP/LLDPE) outer pouch was not significantly different in physical and microbiological changes from that individually packed in a plastic (OPP/LLDPE) inner pouch and repacked in a plastic (OPP/LLDPE) outer pouch. Therefore, it may be concluded on the basis of the physical and microbiological evidence that the Z2 edible pouch can be used as an inner package for cheese slices when it is inside a plastic outer pouch.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.137-147
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• 2023

Pharyngeal pouches are an important epithelial structure controlling facial skeletal development in vertebrates. A series of pouches arise sequentially in the pharyngeal endoderm through collective cell migration followed by rearrangement of pouch-forming cells. While crucial transcription factors and signaling molecules have been identified in pouch formation, a role for Neuropilins (Nrps) in pouch development has not yet been analyzed in any vertebrates. Nrps are cell surface receptors essential for angiogenesis and axon guidance. In all vertebrates, the two Nrp family members, Nrp1 and Nrp2, are conserved in the genome, with two paralogs for Nrp1 (Nrp1a and Nrp1b) and Nrp2 (Nrp2a and Nrp2b) being identified in zebrafish. Here, I report a potential requirement of Nrp signaling in pouch development in zebrafish. nrp1a and nrp2b were expressed in the developing pouches, with sema3d, a ligand for Nrps, being expressed in the pouches. Knocking down Nrps signaling in the pharyngeal endoderm led to severe defects in pouches and facial cartilages. In addition, blocking Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activities, a downstream effector of Nrp signaling, in the pharyngeal endoderm caused similar defects in pouches and facial skeleton to those by knocking down Nrps signaling. My results suggest that Nrp signaling acts for pouch formation through MAPK.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.27-31
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• 1989

Studies were conducted on the preparation methods of strawberry jam. Strawberry was homogenized and centrifuged to serum-pulp portion. Concentration of strawberry serum was carried out at 55~58$^{\circ}C$ under pressure of 30~60mmHg. Strawberry jam bases were mixed throughly and stuffed in retortable pouch, The pouch was sterilized to make a new strawberry jam. The characteristics of new type ism was analyzed gas chromatographic profile, and sensory evaluations.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.173-178
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• 1999

배추의 V/H ratio는 PE film으로 포장한 배추가 포장하지 않은 control에 비해 더 높게 유지되고 있으며, 속잎이 겉잎에 비해 V/H ratio가 더 높게 유지되었다. Pouch내의 $CO_2$의 농도는 처리구 모두 15일 정도까지는 $CO_2$량이 급격히 증가하고 그 이후부터는 거의 일정한 경향을 보였다. pouch내의 $O_2$ 농도는 저장기간이 길어짐에 따라 15일까지 급격히 감소하다가 그 후에는 변화량이 적었다. $O_2$의 농도는 $CO_2$와 반대로 film의 두께가 얇을수록 pouch 내의 $O_2$ 농도가 높았으며, 0.1mm film의 경우 $O_2$의 농도가 5% 미만으로 상당히 적었다. 무처리의 경우 수분이 빠져나가 많이 시들었지만 조직은 PE film포장 시료에 비해 많이 부패하지 않았기 때문에 ethanol 생성량도 많지 않았으며, 0.03mm film의 경우도 다른 film 포장 처리구에 비해서 ethanol 축적량이 많지 않았다. 그러나 0.06mm와 0.1mm film으로 포장한 배추는 저장 30일 이후부터 ethanol 생성량이 급격히 증가하였다. 저온에서 저장한 배추의 유리당 함량을 HPLC로 분석한 결과, 저장 0일에서 15일 사이에 당이 급격히 감소하고 그 이후에는 변화가 적었다. 배추의 유기산 함량은 control의 경우 전체적으로 유기산의 감소량이 가장 적었으며, film별로는 두께가 두꺼울수록 감소량이 많았다. Lactic acid와 acetic acid는 매우 소량 존재하였으며, lactic acid의 경우에는 저장 0일째 보다 저장기간이 길어질수록 약간 증가하였다.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.11-15
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• 2001

This study was carried out to evaluate the irritant potential of A mouthwash in hamster cheek pouch. The test substances were applied twice daily to right pouches of hamsters for 14 consecutive days. Animals were administered with A mouthwash, Listerine, saline and control solution, respectively. In order to evaluate the irritant potential in mucosa of hamster cheek pouch, we observed clinical signs, mortality, body weight changes and gross and histopathological findings for 14 days. In all groups, there were neither dead animals nor significant changes of body weights. In addition, there were no differences between saline and A mouthwash treated group in gross and histopathological findings. Therefore, these results suggest that there was no irritant potential of A mouthwash in hamster cheek pouch.

• Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry
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• 제67권
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• pp.266-275
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• 2018

Herein, a novel operating life (OL) test method was evaluated with 200 mAh pouch-type lithium-ion batteries. By combining the calendar life (CL) test with intermediate pulse power cycling, more realistic life prediction was possible, which encompassed real operation of batteries accompanying with thermal acceleration. Larger capacity decrease and resistance increase of pouch cell were observed in the OL test, which was well explained using the SEI film growth model. After dissemble of pouch cell, capacity loss and resistance increase mostly occurred within anode, reflecting that SEI film growth on anode surface was highly attributable to cell degradation.