• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.99-108
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• 1999

With sectional data obtained in September of 1987, 1988 and 1989 by quadrireciprocal ADCP measurement and CTD cast, the current structure, volume transport and vorticity in the Western Channel of the Korea Strait were studied. The characteristics of Tsushima Current water persisted throughout the summer especially in the homogeneous water of temperature $14-16^{\circ}C$ located at the depth of 50-100m below seasonal termocline. Thickness and velocity of the homogeneous layer are about 10-170m and 20-60cm/s. and the relative vorticity for this layer is shown to be nearly constant and it is smaller than the planetary vorticity. Potential vorticity of $2.70-7.10{\times}10^{-6}m^{-1}s^{-1}$ is found to be dependent mainly on planetary rather than on the relative vorticities. The Tsushima Current water represented by the homogeneous layer R14-16^{\circ}C$ may keep the potential vorticity at the area of strong current in the Strait. The ADCP current structure is similar to geostrophic current and the core of the current with the speed of 30-50cm/s is situated in the middle layer over the deep trough. With large tidal fluctuation the volume transport has mean value of 1.17sv which was about 40% larger than that of geostrophic calculation.

• 해양환경안전학회:학술대회논문집
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• 해양환경안전학회 2004년도 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.89-92
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• 2004

포텐셜와도는 해류의 순환을 설명하는데 유용하게 활용된다. 동해에서 포텐셜와도의 분포 특성을 이용하여 쓰시마난류를 포함한 상층부의 해류순환을 설명하였다. 상층부를 표층부분과 쓰시마난류의 분포 층 그리고 수온약층 분포 수층으로 구분하였다. 극전선남쪽은 쓰시마난류가 해류순환의 중심을 형성하며, 포텐셜와도는 쓰시마난류와 극전선의 분포 특성을 잘 나타내어준다. 포텐셜와도의 분포로부터, 극전선 북쪽은 일본 분지와 그 서쪽해역의 순환 세포로 구분된다.

• 한국전산유체공학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.11-21
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• 1998

A vorticity-based method for the numerical solution of the two-dimensional incompressible Navier-Stokes equations is presented. The governing equations for vorticity, velocity and pressure variables are expressed in an integro-differential form. The global coupling between the vorticity and the pressure boundary conditions is fully considered in an iterative procedure when numerical schemes are employed. The finite volume method of the second order TVD scheme is implemented to integrate the vorticity transport equation with the dynamic vorticity boundary condition. The velocity field is obtained by using the Biot-Savart integral. The Green's scalar identity is used to solve the total pressure in an integral approach similar to the surface panel methods which have been well established for potential flow analysis. The present formulation is validated by comparison with data from the literature for the two-dimensional cavity flow driven by shear in a square cavity. We take two types of the cavity now: (ⅰ) driven by non-uniform shear on top lid and body forces for which the exact solution exists, and (ⅱ) driven only by uniform shear (of the classical type).

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산유체공학회 1998년도 춘계 학술대회논문집
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• pp.15-28
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• 1998

As an alternative for solving the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations, we present a vorticity-based integro-differential formulation for vorticity, velocity and pressure variables. One of the most difficult problems encountered in the vorticity-based methods is the introduction of the proper value-value of vorticity or vorticity flux at the solid surface. A practical computational technique toward solving this problem is presented in connection with the coupling between the vorticity and the pressure boundary conditions. Numerical schemes based on an iterative procedure are employed to solve the governing equations with the boundary conditions for the three variables. A finite volume method is implemented to integrate the vorticity transport equation with the dynamic vorticity boundary condition . The velocity field is obtained by using the Biot-Savart integral derived from the mathematical vector identity. Green's scalar identity is used to solve the total pressure in an integral approach similar to the surface panel methods which have been well-established for potential flow analysis. The calculated results with the present mettled for two test problems are compared with data from the literature in order for its validation. The first test problem is one for the two-dimensional square cavity flow driven by shear on the top lid. Two cases are considered here: (i) one driven both by the specified non-uniform shear on the top lid and by the specified body forces acting through the cavity region, for which we find the exact solution, and (ii) one of the classical type (i.e., driven only by uniform shear). Secondly, the present mettled is applied to deal with the early development of the flow around an impulsively started circular cylinder.

• Environmental Sciences Bulletin of The Korean Environmental Sciences Society
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• 제10권S_4호
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• pp.197-206
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• 2001

The long-range transport mechanisms of Asian dust were analyzed based on the synoptic weather system and numerical simulation by using NCEP/NCAR reanalysis and TOMS data during the periods of 1996-2001. We classified the whole weather types of eastern Asia during spring and created the representative weather types during the yellow sand events using cluster analysis and weather charts for the last 6 years(1996~2001). These long-range transport mechanisms were related to various pressure patterns including high and low, trough and ridge, and upper-level fronts. Case studies of the yellow sand events have performed by the simulation of MM5 with meteorological elements such as the horizontal wind of u and v component, potential temperature, potential vorticity, and vertical circulation during the episodic days(2~8 March 2001). In addition, the origin of the long-range transport was examined with the estimation of backward trajectory using HYSPLIT4 Model. In this paper, we concluded that three weather types at 1000 hPa, 850 hPa, 500 hPa, and 300 hPa levels were classified respectively. The dominant features were the extending continental outflow from China to Korea at 1000 hPa and 850 hPa levels, the deep trough passage and cold advection at 500 hPa and 300 hPa levels during the yellow sand events. And also, we confirmed the existence of pola $r_tropical jets in the upper-level, the behavior of potential vorticity over Korea, the estimation of potential vorticity through vertical cross section, and the transport of yellow sand through backward trajectories.es.

• 천문학회보
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.37.2-37.2
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• 2014

Gas in disk galaxies interacts nonlinearly with a underlying stellar spiral potential to form galactic spiral shocks. Numerical simulations typically show that these shocks are unstable to the wiggle instability, forming non-axisymmetric structures with high vorticity. While previous studies suggested that the wiggle instability may arise from the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability or orbit crowding of gas elements near the shock, its physical nature remains uncertain. It was even argued that the wiggle instability is of numerical origin, caused by the inability of a numerical code to resolve a shock that is inclined to numerical grids. In this work, we perform a normal-mode linear stability analysis of galactic spiral shocks as a boundary-value problem. We find that the wiggle instability originates physically from the potential vorticity generation at a distorted shock front. As the gas follows galaxy rotation, it periodically passes through multiple shocks, successively increasing its potential vorticity. This sets up a normal-mode that grows exponentially, with a growth rate comparable to the orbital angular frequency. We show that the results of our linear stability analysis are in good agreement with the those of local hydrodynamic simulations of the wiggle instability.

• Journal of the korean society of oceanography
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.146-156
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• 1998

Hydrographic data retrieved in the southwestern part of the East Sea in 1992-1993 were analyzed to investigate the probability of southward intrusion of the East Sea Intermediate Water (ESIW) into the Ulleung Basin. The ESIW showed the ranges of 1 to 4$^{\circ}$C in potential temperature, 33.80-34.06 psu in salinity, and 26.9-27.3 kg/m$^3$ in potential density (${\sigma}$$_{\theta}$). The mean depth occupied by the ESIW was 170 m, where the characteristic values of the above three were 2.64$^{\circ}$C , 34.02 psu, and 27.13 kg/m$^3$, respectively. One of the most prominent features of the ESIW was that its salinity changed not only seasonally but also interannually. It was low in summer and high in winter. The salinity within the isopycnal layer of 26.9-27.3 kg/m$^3$ was closely related with the potential vorticity (${\rho}$$_{\theta}^{-1}$ f ${\varrho}$${\rho}_{\theta}$/${\varrho}$z), being in direct proportion to the salinity. This implies that the low-salinity water was thicker than the high-salinity water. The flow path of the ESIW was investigated by tracking the low-salinity or the low-potential vorticity water and by referring to acceleration potential. Careful analysis of the flow path proves that the ESIW intrudes from the north between the Korean coast and Ulleung Island into the Ulleung Basin in summer. Existence of the high-potential vorticity water in the Ulleung Basin is associated with the interruption of the inflow of low-salinity water.

• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제34권7호
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• pp.645-661
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• 2013

본 연구에서는 2010년 12월 27일부터 28일까지 서울을 포함한 수도권 지역에 많은 강설을 일으킨 사례의 종관적, 열역학적 및 역학적 특징을 조사하였다. 이 사례는 극저기압으로 분류할 수 있는 특성을 지녔다. 분석에 사용된 자료는 지상 및 상층 일기도, 강설량, 해수면온도, 위성사진, 연직프로파일 및 미국 국립환경예측센터의 전구 $1^{\circ}{\times}1^{\circ}$ 재분석자료 등이다. 극저기압은 대기 하층에서 양의 경압성이 강하게 나타나며 925 hPa에 온난이류가, 700 hPa에 한랭이류가 있어 조건부 불안정층이 뚜렷하게 보이는 곳에서 형성되는 것으로 사료된다. 극저기압의 발달기구는 대류권계면 접힘에 의한 성층권 공기의 유입과 그에 따른 위치 소용돌이도의 증가로 하층에 수렴과 저기압성 순환의 유발에 기인한다. 이는 눈구름의 발달로 이어져 서울 지역에는 10 cm, 남부지방에는 최고 20 cm까지 적설을 보였다. 강설의 발달기간동안 상층 500 hPa에는 $-45^{\circ}C$의 한랭핵이 존재하였고 단파골과 지상 기압골간의 위상차도 $3-5^{\circ}$를 이루어 극저기압이 온난역의 저기압성 소용돌이도 이류 지역에서 발달할 수 있었다. 발달의 최성기에는 역학적 대류권계면이 700 hpa까지 하강하였고 위치소용돌이도의 증가로 상승기류도 강화되었다. 전반적으로 강설의 발생과 대류권계면의 파상운동과는 깊은 관련을 보였다. 극저기압이 한반도를 통과하는 동안 대류권계면이 하강하는 지점의 동쪽에 소용돌이도와 상승기류가 강화되었고 동시에 많은 습기가 이류되는 곳에서 강설량도 최대로 나타났다.

• 해양환경안전학회:학술대회논문집
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• 해양환경안전학회 2004년도 추계학술발표회
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• pp.117-122
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• 2004

외양대류에 의한 심층수 형성과정의 초기단계 즉 침니 현상의 전 단계에 나타나는 현상을 포텐셜 와도, 지형류, 수온, 염분, 용존산소의 분포로부터 확인하였다. 포텐셜 와도의 분포에서 나타난 와동류는 Vladivostok 연안과 subpolar front 사이에 위치하며, 와동류의 분포 위치는 겨울철 심층수 형성 가능성이 높은 해역과 잘 일치한다. 대륙의 지형적인 특성으로 인한 바람장의 변화는 본 연구에서 나타난 시계반대방향의 와동류가 형성될 수 있음을 보여주며, 그 결과로 나타나는 dome구조의 밀도 분포는 외양대류의 초기단계에서 나타나는 현상을 잘 보여준다.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.77-82
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• 2005

동해의 심층수 형성은 크게 대륙주변부 대류와 외양대류에 의한 것으로 알려져 있다. Vladivostok 연안과 subpolar front사이에서 겨울철에 발생하는 심층수의 형성은 외양대류에 의한 가능성이 높은 것으로 설명되고 있으며, 침니 현상이 이러한 결과를 됫받침 하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 외양대류에 의한 심층수 형성과정의 초기단계 즉 침니 현상의 전 단계에 나타나는 현상을 포텐셜 와도, 지형류, 수온, 염분, 용존산소의 분포로부터 확인하였다. 포텐셜와도의 분포에서 나타난 와동류는 Vladivostok 연안과 subpolar front 사이에 위치하며, 와동류의 분포 위치는 겨울철 심층수 형성 가능성이 높은 해역과 잘 일치한다. 특히 대륙의 지형적인 특성으로 인한 바람장의 변화는 본 연구에서 나타난 시계반대방향의 와동류가 형성될 수 있음을 보여주며, 그 결과로 나타나는 dome 구조의 밀도 분포는 외양대류의 초기 단계에서 나타나는 현상을 잘 보여준다.