• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.550-557
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• 2021

This study examined the latent groups regarding the changes and difficulties after becoming a single parent and analyzed the differences in the backgrounds and depressive levels according to each group. The data of 2,500 single parents from the 2018 Single Parent Family Survey were analyzed by Latent Profile Analysis (LPA). LPA indicated four-profile groups: 1) parenting stability group, 2) normal group, 3) economic stability group, and 4) potential-risk group. Its determinants included gender and economic status, including government funding type and employment status rather than academic status. Specifically, female single parents with an unemployed or low-income support household were more likely to be linked to the potential-risk group. In addition, the potential-risk group showed a higher depressive level than the parenting stability group, normal group, and economic stability group. The significance of this study is that distinguished intervention based on the characteristics of each group can promote the effectiveness of single-parent family support policy.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.181-187
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• 2004

Polyvoltine silkworm breeds/hybrids play an important role in tropical sericulture. In the process of synthesizing more potential polyvoltine hybrids(polyvoltine${\times}$bivoltine) of superior quantity and quality, the Andhra Pradesh State Sericulture Research and Development Institute (APSSRDI) has developed 8 promising polyvoltine breeding lines (SDMG2, APM16, APM15, APM14, APM5, RM2, APM3, APM13). In order to study their hybrid vigour and performance, these breeds were crossed with 4 potential bivoltine testers (SDD1, SDD2, SDD3, APS8), and 32 different hybrid combinations were prepared and evaluated for their mid parent heterosis (MPH) and better parent heterosis (BPH) of silk productivity. Since silk is the ultimate product required for commercial purpose, based on silk productivity and its heterosis, three superior polyvoltine hybrid combinations namely RM2${\times}$APS8 (24.3%), APM3${\times}$APS8 (12.4%) and APM15${\times}$SDD2 (10.8%) were adjudicated as potential heterotic hybrid combinations of superior silk yield and hence recommended for further large scale field trails and commercial exploitation.

• Korean Parent-Child Health Journal
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.25-36
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the patterns of internet usage among 5th and 6th grade elementary students, and analyze the correlation between the internet obsessive disorder and parent-child attachment. Method: A total of 303 elementary students in Seoul, Suwon, Ulsan, and Kwangjoo area participated in this study, and responded to self-administrated questionnaires. Results: With regard to the internet addiction, 2.7% of participants were classified as being in a high risk group, and 5.3% were classified as a potential risk group with boys at greater risk than girls, and 6th graders showing higher internet addiction scores than 5th graders. There were significant negative correlations between internet addiction and father-child attachment (r=-.122, p=.040), and mother-child attachment (r=-.154, p=.009). Conclusion: To prevent internet addiction in elementary school students, promoting parent-child interaction needs to be emphasized. More studies for finding affecting variables on internet addiction would be necessary, and different preventive approaches according to gender and grade should be introduced.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.22 no.7
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• pp.981-989
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• 2012

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of electroporation on the cell growth, cholesterol removal, and adherence abilities of L. acidophilus BT 1088 and their subsequent passages. The growth of electroporated parent cells increased (P<0.05) by 4.49-21.25% compared with that of the control. This may be attributed to the alteration of cellular membrane. However, growth of first, second, and third passages of treated cells was comparable with that of the control, which may be attributed to the resealing of transient pores on the cellular membrane. Electroporation also increased (P<0.05) assimilation of cholesterol by treated parent cells (>185.40%) and first passage (>21.72%) compared with that of the control. Meanwhile, incorporation of cholesterol into the cellular membrane was also increased (P<0.05) in the treated parent cells (>108.33%) and first passage (>26.67%), accompanied by increased ratio of cholesterol:phospholipids (C:P) in these passages. Such increased ratio was also supported by increased enrichment of cholesterol in the hydrophilic heads, hydrophobic tails, and the interface regions of the membrane phospholipids of both parent and first passage cells compared with that of the control. However, such traits were not inherited by the subsequent second and third passages. Parent cells also showed decreased intestinal adherence ability (P<0.05; decreased by 1.45%) compared with that of the control, without inheritance by subsequent passages of treated cells. Our data suggest that electoporation could be a potential physical treatment to enhance the cholesterol removal ability of lactobacilli that was inherited by the first passage of treated cells without affecting their intestinal adherence ability.

• Journal of People, Plants, and Environment
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.555-564
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• 2020

Background and objective: This study was conducted to investigate the effect of an agro-healing program on the relationship satisfaction and emotional change between parents and children. Methods: We sent an official letter to D Office of Education with information and recruitment for the agro-healing program. Then D Office of Education has sent the official letter to elementary schools under the jurisdiction to recruit parents who were willing to participate in the programs with their children. The subjects were recruited by order of application, and 27 families participated, but 20 parent-child teams who attended all sessions and fully participated in the program were ultimately selected. From October 12 to November 16, 2019, a total of 6 sessions of the programs were held once a week at a care farm in Gyeongsangbuk-do. In the morning, they participated in a program that utilizes the resources of plants and animals in the care farm, and later participated in an indoor horticultural program in the afternoon. Results: In the parent-child relationship satisfaction test, it was found that communication was significantly increased after participating in the agro-healing program (p = .047). There were no statistically significant changes in the sentence completion tests written by the children, but their potential perception or attitude towards their parents changed more positively than before according to the content of the sentences. Conclusion: The agro-healing program could strengthen the relationship between parent and child by improving the parent-child relationship satisfaction and children's emotional attitude towards their parent.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.174-181
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• 2009

Pterocarpus marsupium, Clitoria ternatea, and Sanseveiria cylindrica are some of the important and endangered medicinal plant species of India. Despite of medicinal properties, antibacterial potential of the plants have not yet been explored. The present study was designed to optimize the in vitro technique for micropropagation and to screen the extracts from leaves and in vitro raised calli for antibacterial properties. Excised leaf-explants from the parent plants were surface sterilized and cultivated on Murashige & Skoog's (MS) medium containing $N^6$-benzyladenine (BA) in concentrations of 1, 2, 5, and $10{\mu}M$. Optimal growth of calli was noticed at a concentration of $5{\mu}M$, therefore the extracts from calli grown at this concentration were further studied for antibacterial activity. Both alcoholic and aqueous extracts from leaves of respective plants, and their in vitro raised calli were tested for antibacterial activity by agar well diffusion method against a range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Aqueous extracts showed antibacterial activity against limited number of bacterial species; notably the extracts of C. ternatea which showed antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pyogenes, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus cereus. Alcoholic extracts of all three plants showed antibacterial activity against a wider range of bacteria. Among the Gram-positive bacteria, extracts from C. ternatea showed strong antibacterial activity against Bacillus spp., whereas the extracts of S. cylindrica showed good antibacterial potential for Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis and S. pyogenes. The extracts from all three plants showed antibacterial activity against Gram-negative bacteria, including, Salmonella spp. and Shigella dysenteriae; organisms causing enteric fever and dysentery. In most of the cases, the extracts from respective calli showed comparable, and in some cases better, result in comparison to the extracts from parent leaves. To the best of our knowledge this is the first preliminary report on antibacterial potential, especially through calli extracts, of these plants; and in vitro cultivation of the explants may be used to obtain phytotherapeutic compounds.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.61-74
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• 1993

The cause of corrosion failure found in structures or various components operating in severe corrosive environment has been attributed to stress corrosion cracking(SCC) which is resulting from the combined effects of corrosive environments and static tensile stress. Cathodic protection is an electrochemical method of corrosion control that is widely used in marine environment and primarily on carbon steel. A number of criteria are used to determine whether or not a structure is cathodically protected. In practice, -0.8V versus Ag/AgCl is the most commonly used for marine structures. This paper showed the combined effects of cathodic potential and slow, monotonic straining on the tensile ductility and fracture morphology of parents and friction welded joints for SM45C, SCM440 and SM20C steels in syntheic sea water(S.S.W.,pH:8.2). For the parent materials in cathodic potentials, the higher tensile strength is, the more susceptible SCC is. And the welded HAZ is more susceptible than the parent materials.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.126-131
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• 2003

While the advantages of multicast delivery over multiple unicast deliveries is undeniable, the deployment of the IP multicast protocol has been limited to network domains under single administrative control. Deployment of inter-domain multicast delivery has been slow due to both technical and administrative reasons. For this reasons overlay multicasting technologies are recently proposed. We propose a End-Host Multicast Tree Protocol (EMTP) that searches two levels of the tree at a time until reaching to a leaf node and can select the nearest node that a new node try to join in the tree. Even if there is no available degree of the desirable node that a new node want to join, selecting the node as a potential parent by EMTP can reduce the number of tree switching with robustness of the tree and bring to ruduce the data delivery time.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.37-47
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• 2011

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to explore the influential factors of family function, parent-child communication, and family satisfaction on Korean adolescents game use. Methods: The participants were 940 adolescents in Seoul. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data. The study variables were family function, parent-child communication, family satisfaction, and game use. Results: Game use was different by gender, age, time to spend in game during weekdays and weekend. Game use had significant negative correlations with family cohesion, family adaptability, communication with father, communication with mother, and family satisfaction. Multiple regression analysis showed that 20.3% of the game use was explained by gender, communication with mother, hours of playing games during weekdays, family adaptability, and hours of playing games during weekend. Conclusions: These results suggest that being male and lack of communication with mother, low family adaptability, game hours during weekdays and weekend can be potential risk factors for excessive game use in the adolescents, which should by considered in developing a prevention program for excessive game use focused on family factors.

• International Journal of Ocean System Engineering
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2013

A design procedure for a ship with minimum resistance had been developed using a numerical optimization method called SQP (Sequential Quadratic Programming) combined with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) technique. The frictional resistance coefficient was estimated by the ITTC 1957 model-ship correlation line formula and the wave-making resistance coefficient was evaluated by the potential-flow panel method with the nonlinear free surface boundary conditions. The geometry of the hull surface was represented and modified by B-spline surface modeling technique during the optimization process. The Series 60 ($C_B$=0.60) hull was selected as a parent hull to obtain an optimized hull that produces minimum resistance. The models of the parent and optimized hull forms were tested at calm water condition in order to demonstrate the validity of the proposed methodolgy.