• 전자공학회논문지 IE
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.22-33
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• 2010

The main purpose of this study was to develope a reflective journal and examine its effects on student's academic achievement and self-regulated learning strategies. For this study, 'a structured reflective journal' was designed through the steps of systems approach with the purpose of enhancing student's academic achievement and self-regulated learning strategies, especially meta-cognition and critical thinking. The reflective journal used in this study contained the constructive elements of (1) self-evaluation with 5 likert scale, (2) learning essay, (3) dialogue with peers, and (4) dialogue with professor. A total of 94 freshmen enrolled in one of two sections of the engineering courses(theory-based class and experiment and practice-based class) participated in the study for 8 weeks. A pre-test-post-test design was used to examine the effects of the application of reflective journal on student's achievement and self-regulated learning strategies. For the result, analysis of covariance was conducted to determine whether there were any academic achievement differences and self-regulated learning strategy differences. The results suggested that students were taking advantages of the reflective journal, and there were statistically significant differences in academic achievement in the experiment and practice-based class and self-regulated learning strategies in both classes.

• International Journal of Railway
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.124-126
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• 2009

Energy savings can be achieved with optimum energy consumptions, brake energy regeneration, efficient energy storage (onboard, line side), and primarily with light weight vehicles. Over the last few years, the rolling stock industry has experienced a marked increase in eco-awareness and needs for lower life cycle energy consumption costs. For rolling stock vehicle designers and engineers, weight has always been a critical design parameter. It is often specified directly or indirectly as contractual requirements. These requirements are usually expressed in terms of specified axle load limits, braking deceleration levels and/or demands for optimum energy consumptions. The contractual requirements for lower weights are becoming increasingly more stringent. Light weight vehicles with optimized strength to weight ratios are achievable through proven design processes. The primary driving processes consist of: $\bullet$ material selection to best contribute to the intended functionality and performance $\bullet$ design and design optimization to secure the intended functionality and performance $\bullet$ weight control processes to deliver the intended functionality and performance Aluminium has become the material of choice for modern light weight bodyshells. Steel sub-structures and in particular high strength steels are also used where high strength - high elongation characteristics out way the use of aluminium. With the improved characteristics and responses of composites against tire and smoke, small and large composite materials made components are also found in greater quantities in today's railway vehicles. Full scale hybrid composite rolling stock vehicles are being developed and tested. While an "overdesigned" bodyshell may be deemed as acceptable from a structural point of view, it can, in reality, be a weight saving missed opportunity. The conventional pass/fail structural criteria and existing passenger payload definitions promote conservative designs but they do not necessarily imply optimum lightweight designs. The weight to strength design optimization should be a fundamental design driving factor rather than a feeble post design activity. It should be more than a belated attempt to mitigate against contractual weight penalties. The weight control process must be rigorous, responsible, with achievable goals and above all must be integral to the design process. It should not be a mere tabulation of weights for the sole-purpose of predicting the axle loads and wheel balances compliance. The present paper explores and discusses the topics quoted above with a view to strengthen the recommendations and needs for the weight optimization by design approach as a pro-active design activity for the rolling stock industry at large.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.111-125
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• 2010

For a shift to a new paradigm that allows restoring solidarity among class, gender, and race, it is necessary to closely investigate the differences between Marxist view and poststructuralist view which provide theoretical basis for labor movement and for feminist movement, respectively. However, little effort has been devoted to this task. This paper critically compares two best wellknown geographers; Harvey's class-centered theory and Gibson-Graham's post-structuralist feminist approach by focusing on their understandings of "difference". David Harvey argues that racial/gender discrimination is another form of class-exploitation and puts priority on the solidarity based on the commonality of labor. On the contrary Gibson-Graham argues that the privileging of class above all else marginalizes other political dimension, and proposes the deconstruction of hegemonic discourse of capitalism and the construction of "community economies", Based on the critical survey of both theories, I propose that understanding the role that spatiality plays in capital accumulation process is the key to compromise two different approaches.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.17-34
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• 2001

This paper is to analyze how firms in a large firm-led industrial city have carried out the restructuring in the face of radical shifts, with focus on the strategy and the restructuring of firms in Ulsan, a typical industrial district in Korea that is specialized in heavy & chemical industry. It has been well known that the local economy has been led by a small number of large firms, including affiliates of chaebol, and its industrial structure has also been characterised as a clear dichotomy between large firms as a customer and small and medium-size firms as a supplier, which can be called not horizontal but vertical relations. It can identify some tendencies, however, that local companies have been rather dynamically changing in response to increasingly turbulent environment since the Asian crisis. Some are radical, but some incremental. These can be summarized in four distinctive but interlinked ways. First, more than half of local companies surveyed have attempted to change their production systems, mainly from the fordist mass production towards the flexible mass production, seeking both economies of scale and scope. Second, local firms have vigorously continued to reorganize the boundary of the production and the organization, by specializing products and focusing on the core competence in order to save costs and cope with radically changing customer demands in a flexible way. Third, there have been various strategies for the organizational innovation such as the introduction of team organization, the boundary blurring between the managerial and production workers and the intra-firm spin-offs, so as to improve managerial efficiency and competence in the use of internal labour market. Finally, they have tried to be more sensitive to the market and customers. These tendencies seem to be increasingly critical to sustain their competitiveness. To do so, they tend to focus increasingly not only on the competing via the product quality rather than through price, but also to seek to diversify the market and customer firms beyond national boundary.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.197-202
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• 2006

Sex steroids are generally considered as natural sex inducers in fish, and aromatase (cytochrome P450 aromatase) that catalyzes androgens into estrogens in the steroidogenic pathway is also known to be involved in sex differentiation. The timing of aromatase action is, thus, of central importance in the study of fish sex differentiation. We treated sexually undifferentiated tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) larvae with $Fadrozole^{TM}$, a non-steroidal aromatase inhibitor (AI), by immersing the fish in a solution containing AI during the sex differentiation period to narrow down the critical period of aromatase action. Fish were treated once at 11 or 13 days post fertilization (dpf), or twice at 11 and 13 dpf. The concentrations of AI at each time of the treatment were 0 mg/L (control), 50 mg/L or 100 mg/L. Survival rate was not statistically associated with AI immersion treatment (p>0.25). However, sex ratio was significantly altered by the treatment, with higher concentration and double immersion being more effective in masculinizing genetic females (p<0.05). These results suggest that aromatase action for sex differentiation in this fish species would begin at least from 11 dpf which is much earlier than previously expected, and that only 3 hours of brief immersion in AI solution is powerful enough to alter genetically programed sex.

• FLOWER RESEARCH JOURNAL
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.87-92
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• 2010

This research was aimed to extend the vase life, improve the cut flower quality and promote flowering rate of bulbous cut Iris 'Blue Magic'. Three different concentrations of 1-MCP ranging from 250 to $750nL{\cdot}L^{-1}$ were treated on cut Iris flowers for the vase life elongation. Several effects of 1-MCP treatment has shown such as early flowering as one day but vase life showed no significant differences comparing to the untreated control. Flowering rate was 75% or more in the treated ones as compare to 64.2% in untreated control. Especially, in a treatment with $250nL{\cdot}L^{-1}$ 1-MCP for 12 hours it showed all flowering. In many post-harvest experiments of cut flowers, ethylene production from flower organ has considered as most critical factor on vase life. Ethylene production from flower organ was measured by gas chromatography (GC) and it showed that there is no direct relation between flower longevity and emission of the ethylene gas in cut Iris. In comparison with the untreated control, ethylene generation rather seems to be increased as 1-MCP treatment increased. There was a synergy effect when 1-MCP and BA applied simultaneously in which flowering and vase life were fastened and also extended, respectively. Therefore, treatment of 1-MCP for cut Iris at flower early harvest is able to improve the flower quality both by diminishing non-flowering rate and by extended flower longevity.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.25
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• pp.233-278
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• 2010

An interest in various description of history was increased, resolutely breaking away from the existing frame also in a historical science world, under the influence of post-modernism arisen from the mid 20th century, and for this, oral history archives and oral history methodology began to attract the attention in various academia including archival science as a method for a new writing of history. Also, under the circumstance of korea having a difficulty in performing a whole reconstruction of modern age history and a liquidation of past affairs due to an absolute lack of archives, the tendency is toward more active management of oral history archives and establishing oral history archives in the context of an excavation of new archives and a reinterpretation of history, owing to the necessity in a particular situation. This article started with a critical mind regarding an absence of a collecting policy which can help an effective development of collection from a point of view of archival science, with regard to oral history archives that recently shows a rapid increase of an interest. For this, this article intended to present an new element of a collecting policy besides the study on a collecting policy performed meanwhile by an archival science world by noticing a characteristic and a collecting method of oral history archives, this can be examined largely through 'a statement of mission and collection purpose', 'a policy of collection at large', 'a definition of maintenance and use of the holdings', and 'a guide for a development of collection', and add a proposal regarding a plan to embody the parr which should be actually applied to collection of oral history archives among the existing constituents.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.391-400
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• 2019

In the case of fire, a structure loses its original stiffness due to the temperature rise, and the load bearing capacity decreases. The loss of structural strength increases with increasing fire time of the structure. To prevent the collapse of buildings, it is very important to understand whether or not the members are damaged. On the other hand, there is insufficient data to be a guideline for diagnosing and evaluating the residual strength of the members in Korea. Therefore, this study examined the resistance performance by Finite-Element-Analysis of composite beams, which are composite structures among structural members. Composite beam modeling was carried out based on the model used in the Electrical Penetration Room (EPR) in cooperation with KEPCO. The heat transfer analysis and structural analysis of the critical phase were performed using ANSYS, a finite element analysis program. ANSYS was used to perform heat transfer analysis and structural analysis at the static analysis. To analyze the residual performance, the temperature distribution of the composite beam and the maximum displacement result of the heat-affected structure analysis were derived and the experimental data and the structural analysis result data were compared and analyzed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.645-652
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• 2019

Phosphor with phosphorus doped with rare earth ions was investigated by searching Sr and Eu phosphors suitable for substitution of Eu ions with similar ionic radius to polyphosphate host. The $NaSr(PO_3)_3$ phosphor was synthesized by the solid state method and the $NaSr(PO_3)_3:Eu^{2+}$ phosphor was prepared by the carbon thermal reduction method. Both of the phosphors were identified by X - ray diffraction. The excitation and emission spectra of $NaSr(PO_3)_3:Eu^{3+}$ increased fluorescence intensity and intensity quenching with increasing $Eu^{3+}$ concentration. The higher the $Eu^{3+}$ concentration in the emission spectrum, the higher the local symmetry of $Eu^{3+}$ environment. The mechanism of concentration quenching, in which fluorescence decreases due to the energy transfer between $Eu^{2+}$ ions with the closest critical distance between $Eu^{2+}$ ions with increasing $Eu^{2+}$ ion concentration, was confirmed in the emission spectrum of $NaSr(PO_3)_3:Eu^{2+}$ concentration. It is possible to change the fluorescent region through the post-processing of single rare earth ion added phosphors, and it is possible to change the fluorescence by applying the energy transfer and concentration quenching mechanism according to the local symmetry of $Eu^{3+}$ will be used for high phosphor development.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.39
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• pp.229-280
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• 2014

This essay focused on the critical review of Korean National Archives System(KNAS) since 1999. We think that KNAS could establish the backbone with basic records law on 1999. It's right. But it is not enough for explaining the full historical growth. there are some factors below the growth. This essay tried to the basic three factors below. That means the the demonstration discourse, archival system practices, and archiving technologies in the contexts of the unique standard by the basic records law. These three factors have been the powerful engine for the take-off of KNAS since 1999. However, the powerful history has shadows of growth. This essay narrated the shadows by the frame of 'counter-destiny'. The most dangerous shadow is the loss of archival cultures because the KNAS has been composed of efficiency mentality. That means that KNAS has no unique archival culture for citizenship. So, this essay tried to talk about 'Post1999' to Archives Community.