• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제17권11호
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• pp.256-270
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• 2016

본 논문은 '가족 중심축의 수평화 2단계 모형'이란 분석틀을 통해 사회경제적 발전에 따라 출산율이 하락하는 단계와 출산율이 상승하는 단계가 있음을 제시하는데 목적이 있다. 사회경제적 발전이 진행되면서 가족의 중심축이 부자(父子)의 수직축에서 부부(夫婦)의 수평축으로 이동하며, 그 과정은 결혼 이혼 등 가족의 형성 측면에서 남녀 개인의 평등을 이루는 산업화 단계와, 자녀양육 가사노동 등 가족의 유지 측면에서 부부 평등을 이루는 후기 산업화 단계로 나뉜다. 본 논문은 전세계 136개국을 대상으로 OECD 가입국 33개국을 후기산업화단계의 선진국으로, 나머지 103개국을 산업화단계의 개발도상국으로 구분하여 분석했다. 연구방법은 종속변수 출산율에 대해 출생성비, 평균 출산연령, 여성의 경제활동참가율을 통제변수로, 1인당 국민소득, 여성의 교육수준, 성격차지수를 설명변수로 하고, 산업화단계 국가들과 후기산업화 단계 국가 별로 출산율에 대한 위계적 회귀분석을 실시했다. 연구결과 산업화 단계의 개도국에는 여성의 교육수준과 1인당 국민소득이 통계적으로 유의한 변수였으나, 성격차지수는 유의하지 않았던 반면에 후기산업화 단계의 선진국에서는 성격차지수와 1인당 국민소득, 여성의 교육기대연한이 통계적으로 유의했다. 결론적으로 산업화단계에서는 여성의 교육수준이, 후기산업화단계에서는 성평등수준이 출산율에 가장 영향을 미치는 결정요인인 것으로 파악되었다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.952-958
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• 2011

산업화는 근대화 및 근대건축의 탄생에 중요한 역할을 담당하였다. 산업화에 의한 변화와 그 결과물에 대한 믿음은 건축에 대한 사고와 과정도 산업화와 연관 지으려는 시도로 나타나게 된다. 건축을 산업화 과정에 편입시키기 위해서는 건축을 더 이상 과거의 역사주의적 전통이 아니라 실질적인 과학기술과 직접적으로 접목시켜 이해하는 것이 필요하게 되었다. 20세기 초 건축을 산업생산물의 일종으로 파악하려는 것은 두가지 의미로서 하나는 건축의 결과물에 대한 인식이며 또하나는 건축의 과정도 산업 생산의 과정으로 이끌어가고자 하는 생각이다. 본 연구에서는 산업혁명 이후 근대 초기 까지 이러한 산업화에 의한 건축의 변화 과정을 살펴보고 그 의의와 영향을 살펴보는데 그 목적이 있다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.258-263
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• 2004

Ripe fruit of pepper (Capsicum annuum) showed resistance to Colletotrichum gloeoporioides, but unripe fruit was susceptible. We previously isolated the PepTLP gene that induced in both unripe and ripe fruit by fungal infection and wound, and only in ripe fruit by jasmonic acid (JA) treatment. To examine further regulation of PepTLP, the action of specific agonist and antagonists of known signaling effector on the .PepTLP expression by fungal infection, wound, and JA was investigated. A similar dephosphorylation event negatively activated all the PepTLP expression in the ripe fruit by fungal infection, wound, and JA. The induction of PepTLP expression by wound is differentially regulated via phosphorylation and dephosphorylation step during pre- and post-ripening, respectively. In addition, the induction of PepTLP expression in the ripe fruit by wound and JA is differentially regulated via dephosphorylation and phosphorylation step, respectively. Only both wound and JA treatment has synergistic effect on the PepTLP expression in the unripe fruit. Both SA and JA treatments on the unripe fruit, and both wound or JA and SA on the ripe fruit could not do any effect on the expression of PepTLP. These results suggest that the induction of PepTLP expression is differentially regulated via complex regulatory system against fungal infection, wound, and JA treatment during pre- and post-ripening of pepper fruit.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제59권2호
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• pp.149-153
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• 2016

Objective : The aim of the present study is to estimate the incidence trend of head injury and the mortality based on traffic accident statistics and to investigate the impacts of rapid industrialization and economic growth on epidemiology of head injury in Korea over the period 1970-2012 including both pre-industrialized and post-industrialized stages. Methods : We collected data of head injury estimated from traffic accident statistics and seven hospital based reports to see incidence trends between 1970 and 2012. We also investigated the population structure and Gross National Income (GNI) per capita of Korea over the same period. The age specific data were investigated from 1992 to 2012. Results : The incidence of head injury gradually rose in the 1970s and the 1980s but stabilized until the 1990s with transient rise and then started to decline slowly in the 2000s. The mortality grew until 1991 but gradually declined ever since. However, the old age groups showed rather slight increase in both rates. The degree of decrease in the mortality has been more rapid than the incidence on head injury. Conclusion : In Korea during the low income stage, rapid industrialization cause considerable increase in the mortality and the incidence of head injury. During the high income stage, the incidence of head injury gradually declined and the mortality dropped more rapidly than the incidence due to preventive measures and satisfactory medical care. Nevertheless, the old age groups revealed rather slight increase in both rates owing to the large population structure and the declining birth rate.

• 한국디자인학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국디자인학회 1999년도 춘계 학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.76-77
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• 1999

대중적 건설중장비로서의 유압굴삭기는 1990년대 이후로 탈산업화(post-industrialization)의 영향을 받아, 형태나 색채에 있어서 변화를 시작한다. 이는 일반 소비재 분야에 비하여 다소 늦은 편이라 할 수 있다. 그 이유는 건설중장비 특성상 제한된 사용 충과 사용환경으로 인한 제품개발기간(PDT)과 제품수명주기(PLC)가 길고, 제품개발 비용이 상대적으로 거대하기 때문이다.(중략)

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.108-113
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• 2013

Industrialization and modernization of the beginning of the IT industry is growing very fast. Since telecommunications industry was developed rapidly, technologies about miniaturization and high-precision of parts have been actively developed to lead information revolution. generally, the entire shear surface of the product applying fine blanking technology must be very precise. Fine blanking is used to save cost by avoiding post-processing of the product. When using press blanking, it spends a lot of money on the production by using many post-processing. Fine blanking typically used in 0.5~18 mm thick steel plate. Because a lot of post-processing cost can be used to process, except for fine blanking. In order to develop components "CHANCE CONTENTS" in the fine blanking process, the purpose of this study is to minimize the edge of the bridge, secured 95% of the material thickness of the shear surface using the 1.6 mm thickness of the material SPCC. Blanking process by introducing after changing thickness through forging process, due to change in vee-rring force and counter force, the experimental amount of depressions and flatness and the shear surface were analyzed.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.50-55
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• 2003

Herbicidal activity of $\delta$-aminolevulinic acid(ALA), an intermediate for the biosynthesis of tetrapyrroles such as chlorophyll, heme, bacteriochlorophyll, and vitamin $\textrm{B}_{12}$ analogues, was examined to determine the variation in phytotoxic potential against different plant species as affected by different application methods. Seed-soaking treatment, ALA at low concentrations did not affect shoot and root lengths of test plants while at highest concentration reduced them by 20 to 30%. Alfalfa showed the most tolerant response to ALA in both pre- and post-emergence application, and followed by rice. When applied with pre-emergence, cotyledons of Chinese cabbage were severely bleached with 0.5 mM of ALA at 24 hrs after application, and root growth of rice, barnyard grass, and alfalfa was significantly inhibited with increasing of concentration. With post-emergence application, ALA at 2 to 4 mM reduced shoot and root growths of Chinese cabbage and barnyard grass completely. Herbicidal effects of ALA were more enhanced in the treatment combined with 2,2-dipyridyl sthan single application in barnyard grass and Chinese cabbage. The results suggest that alfalfa was the most tolerant to ALA among the tested plants, and that post-emergence application of ALA exhibited greatest photodynamic activity against tested plants.

• 기술혁신학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.1179-1206
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• 2018

대한민국은 '과학기술'을 경제발전을 위한 수단으로 규정한 산업화 시대의 헌법을 바탕으로 포스트-산업화 시대에 접어들었다. 새 시대에 걸맞은 헌법 개정 있어서, 헌법에 고착된 '산업화 시대의 관성'을 밝히는 것이 우선이다. 이를 위하여 과학 기술 관련 헌법 조문을 비교법적 통시적으로 살펴보았다. 헌법에서 함의된 산업화 시대의 관성은 다음의 세 가지이다. 첫째, 헌법적 용어인 '과학기술'의 협착성(狹窄性)이다. 헌법에서 '과학은 기술에 종속되고, 기술은 과학에 한정' 되었다. 둘째, 과학기술의 경제발전 수단화이다. 셋째, 현행 헌법 제127조에 기재된 '혁신'이 '진흥 창달'의 개념으로 통념되는 것이다. 산업화 시대의 공업화의 기초로서 통념된 '과학'은 산업기술 획득의 수단에서 해방되어야 하고, 포스트-산업화 시대의 '기술'은 다양성과 창의성을 통섭(通涉)해야 한다. 또한, 경제발전 이외의 과학 기술의 다양한 영향을 인정하는 헌법 규정이 필요하고, 이는 '과학 기술국가 원리'의 헌법적 선언을 의미한다. 마지막으로 '4차 산업혁명'이라고 불리는 변화의 시대에 한국형 국가혁신체제를 헌법의 틀 안에서 재정립해야 한다. 포스트-산업화 시대의 탈추격형 기술혁신 체계에서는 정치 경제 사회 문화의 모든 영역에 있어서 개인의 자유와 창의가 최고도로 발휘되어야 한다. 국가의 모든 영역에서 자유 평등과 함께 '창의'를 국가의 기본 성격으로 삼았던 제헌헌법 제5조의 규정을 전문 또는 총강에 부활시켜 포스트-산업화 시대의 한국형 국가혁신체제의 헌법적 비전을 마련해야 한다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.141-148
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• 2006

Recently, human's life is more longer and the birth rate continually decrease by the development of medical technology. In 2026 the ratio of the elderly will come up to 20.8% and be a 'post-aged society'. Development of economy and industrialization not only accelerate the urbanization and formation of nuclear family, but also change the changing of traditional society and one's value. So the issue of society and value's changing in the elderly increase the centralizing in the silver industry, and by the recent research about the elderly, they not want to live with their children, but want to live independently. This study is meaningful at the next generation of Ubiquitous society and post-aged society, proposing the smart silver town in urban type and let the elderly keeping the existing life in city. It realize the concept of 'Aging in Place' and propose the smart silver town in urban type which appropriate to behavior of the elderly, and being satisfy with various requirements of the elderly. This study point up the combination of physical elements and electronic elements through the smart technology, and making an smart environment to compose the smart silver town in urban type which react the behavior of the elderly.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.75-86
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• 2013

Under the powerful influence of economical and social transformation, namely Post-Industrialization since the 1980's, old industrial cities in western europe faced a severe urban crisis such as high unemployment rates, demographic decline, urban slums, lack of infrastructures and economic shocks. In order to overcome their urban decline, They had to attempt to find a creative re-modelled and re-imaged Urban Development Strategy for the future. Thus Urban Regeneration has been a serious issue of debate in europe. First of all, Urban Regeneration based on cultural strategy have played an increasingly important role in the Post-Industrial cities and regions since 1980's. The purpose of this study is to find out the organized characteristics of Urban Regeneration based on Cultural Strategy by analyzing successful overseas case "Landesgartenschau in Ruhrgebiet, Germany, where has been changed from an old industrial city to a Culture-Service- based City significantly over last several years. It's inner-city old industrial areas with amount of derelict under-used industrial Heritages have been remodelled and reimaged to a creative and attractive public spaces involving Arts and cultural activity by Urban Regeneration based on Cultural Strategy, namely, "Landesgartenschau".