• 한국의류학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.429-437
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• 1996

This paper surveys extraction condition-temperature, pH, and changes of adsorbance in accordance with extraction condition of curcuma Longa L. solution. Using extracted curcuma Longa L. Solution, dyeing behaviors with natural fiber, effect of mordants to color fastness and color change were investigated. It was found that the amount of absorption (K/S value) was increased by mordants (Fe, Cr) and mordants treatment affected color change of dyed fabric. Among the mordants, effect of citric acid to color change of dyed fabric was the smallest, and color difference of post- mordant treatment is smaller than that of pee-mordant treatment in making use of citric acid as mordant. And K/S value of post mordant was higher than that of pre mordant. It was found that the pre - and post- mordants treatment little affected color fastness, but affected the amound of adsorption and color change of dyed fabric.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.27-31
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• 2002

Thin film diode with reliable interfacial structure was fabricated by using multi-step anodic oxidation. The thickness of the oxide layer was preciously controlled with anodic voltage. Also, interfacial structure between oxide layer and top electrode was improved by applying post heat-treatment. The thin film diode showed symmetric and stable I-V characteristics after the post heat-treatment.

• Medical Lasers
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.84-87
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• 2020

Post-acne erythema (PAE) is one of the major problems during or after treatment of acne vulgaris with any modality. A variety of therapeutic options have been described with various clinical outcomes and side effects. We report here on treating a patient with PAE using 595-nm picosecond-domain neodymium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Nd:YAG) laser. After four sessions of treatment, the patient displayed nearly complete improvement and no remarkable adverse effects. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first case of the effective treatment of PAE using a 595-nm picosecond-domain Nd:YAG laser. We recommend that using a 595-nm picosecond-domain Nd:YAG laser can be both an effective and safe treatment option for treating PAE.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.183-195
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• 1990

The purposes of present study were to identify possible relationships between post-treatment changes and post-retention changes. The patient's models were composed of 58 samples, and were classified non-extraction group (30 samples) and extraction group (28 samples). For each sample the first models were taken prior to the start of treatment, the second models just after the end of treatment, and the third models two years after. The results were as follows: 1. In the cases of non-extraction group, increases were in intermolar width of maxilla, interbicuspid width of maxilla and arch perimeter of mandible during treatment period, but decreases were in the same measurements during post-retention period. 2. In the cases of extraction group, decreases were in intermolar width of mandible, interbicuspid widths of maxilla and mandible, arch length of mandible, arch perimeters of maxilla and mandible during treatment period. 3. Significant decreases were in the irregularity index of both extraction and non-extraction group during treatment period. 4. There were significant differences of arch dimensional changes in intermolar widths of maxilla and mandible, interbicuspid widths of maxilla and mandible, arch lengths of maxilla and mandible, arch perimeters of maxilla and mandible between non-extraction and extraction group.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.96-103
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• 2002

Objectives : Dyspnea is one of the most common symptoms that we meet, but so far there has been no research about the effects of acupuncture therapy on it. This study was performed in order to evaluate the effect of acupuncture therapy on dyspnea by means of using objective indexes. Methods : The effect of acupuncture therapy was assessed by analyzing the pulmonary function test (PFT) in 10 patients, who had suffered from dyspnea and had pain at the acupuncture point Tian-zong (SI11) when it was compressed by a finger, at our outpatient department. Each patient was treated with acupuncture therapy at both sides of Tian-zong. We compared the results of pre-treatment and post-treatment PFTs, including forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV 1.0), and peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR). Results : FVCs of pre-treatment and post-treatment PFTs were $2.23{\pm}0.34(L)$ and $2.40{\pm}0.36(L)$ respectively (P<0.01). FEV1.0s of pre-treatment and post-treatment PFTs were $1.54{\pm}0.37(L)$ and $1.65{\pm}0.41(L)$ respectively (p<0.05). PEFRs of pre-treatment and post-treatment PFTs were $3.41{\pm}1.26(L)$ and $3.93{\pm}1.42(L)$ respectively (p<0.05). Conclusions From the above data, we conclude that FVC, FEV1.0, and PEFR in dyspneic patients have been improved after acupuncture therapy of Tian-zong, so acupuncture therapy of Tian-zong may relieve the dyspnea symptom.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제35권8호
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• pp.863-869
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• 2002

Soy isoflavones have been hypothesized to exert hormonal effects and to enhance bone mineral density in postmenopausal women. To test this hypothesis, we studied the effects of soy isoflavones supplements on bone mineral density and sex hormones (serum estradiol, sex hormone-binding globulin and testosterone) in 47 postmenopausal women. There were 24 participants in the treatment group and 23 in the control group. The treatment group consumed the isoftavones extract capsule daily (which contained 90 mg of soy isoflavones) for 12 weeks. The study compared pre- and post-isoflavones intake in the following areas: physical examination, diet survey, bone mineral density and serum sex hormone levels. The average age of the treatment group was 64.63 years and that of the control group was 66.48 years. There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of height, weight, and body mass index. Both groups maintained regular diet patterns in terms of their average daily nutrient intake. There was no significant difference between the treatment group (18.49 mg) and the control group (21.27 mg) in terms of daily isoflavones intake based on diet. The 12-week analysis of bone mineral density change after taking isoflavones supplements demonstrated no significant differences in the following : lumbar spine BMD (0.82 g/$\textrm{cm}^2$ in pre versus 0.81 g/$\textrm{cm}^2$ in post), femoral neck BMD (0.58 g/$\textrm{cm}^2$ in pre versus 0.57 g/$\textrm{cm}^2$ in post) in the treatment group. There was no significant difference in serum estradiol in the isoflavones treatment group. The subjects indicated no significant difference in serum testosterone in the isoflavones treatment group. But the subjects indicated a significant difference in sex hormone-binding globulin (60.04 nmol/L in pre versus 52.39 nmol/L in post) in the isoflavones treatment group at the levels of p < 0.05. The significant decrease in sex hormone-binding globulin did indicate the need for long-term study on isoflavones supplementation as well as its positive effect on bone mineral density.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.11-29
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• 2008

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to observe the effects of acupuncture and electro-acupuncture at $LI_4$ on intestinal motility in rat. Methods : We made over-activated state of intestinal motility with carbachol and suppressed state of intestinal motility with loperamide in rat and carried out needle retention acupuncture, low frequency electro-acupuncture and high frequency electro-acupuncture at $LI_4$ or sham point in rat devided into pre-treatment group and post-treatment group. and we resulted as follow for measuring charcoal travel rate to observe intestinal motility. Results : 1. Any of needle retention acupuncture, low frequency electro-acupuncture and high frequency electro-acupuncture at $LI_4$ have no significant influences on intestinal motility of rat in normal state. 2. All of the pre-treatment and post-treatment of needle retention acupuncture, low frequency electro-acupuncture and high frequency electro-acupuncture didn't significantly decrease intestinal motility in rat which over-activated with carbachol. 3. Pre-treatment of needle retention acupuncture and high frequency electro-acupuncture significantly increased intestinal motility in rat which suppressed with loperamide. 4. Post-treatment of needle retention acupuncture, low frequency electro-acupuncture and high frequency electro-acupuncture significantly increased intestinal motility in rat which suppressed with loperamide. Conclusions : These results suggest that acupuncture on $LI_4$ have preventive effect and therapeutic effect on suppressed intestinal motility, and especially high frequency electro-acupuncture is more effective.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.105-116
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• 2008

Objectives : The aim of this study was to compare the effect of acpuncture and electroacupuncture of low(EA(L)) and high(EA(H)) frequencies at San Yin Jiu($SP_6$) and sham point in rats. We made suppressed state of intestinal motility with loperamide in rat and carried out needle retention acupuncture, low frequency electro-acupuncture and high frequency electro-acupuncture at ($SP_6$) in rat devided into pre-treatment group and post-treatment group. We fed charcoal to them after the treatment and measured the travel rate of charcoal in the gastrointestine track to analyze which treatment affected more in intestinal hypermotility Results : 1. Examining intestinal motility of normal rat treated with electro-acupuncture at $SP_6$, high frequency electro-acupuncture significantly increased intestinal motility. 2. Pre-treated with acupuncture at $SP_6$ significantly suppressed intestinal motility. 3. Post treatment with acupunture and low frequency electro-acupuncture at $SP_6$ showed significant increase of intestinal motility. Conclusions : As folowing study there were 21 groups to find out which treatment showed significant increase of intestinal motility and pre-treated acupuncture, post-treated with acupunture and low frequency electro-acupuncture at $SP_6$ was highly significant with control at the figure than any other groups.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2014

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of A-Shi point acupuncture on the post-stroke hand edema. Methods : The subjects in this study were 8 patiens with post-stroke hand edema. The patients were treated with acupuncture on A-Shi point in hand. We treated them once a day, 7 days. The effectiveness was assessed by hand volumeter and mesuring tape. And Wilcoxon signed rank test was performed to evaluate the effect. Results : A significant change was observed after 7 times acupuncture treatment. Both volume and circumference of hand were decreased after treatment. Conclusions : This study suggests that A-Shi point acupuncture is effective for reducing post-stroke hand edema, although further study would be necessary.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.59-72
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to examine what the role of denial hygienist was. The subjects were 751 dental hygienists from dental clinics, dental hospitals, general hospitals, public dental clinics and their branches throughout the nation. After a survey was conducted, the collected data were analyzed with SPSS WIN 10.0, and variance analysis and post-analysis were implemented. And Forgarty's 8th integrated model, out of 10 ones, was selected to delve into the practical role of dental hygienist in detail. The findings of this study were as follows: 1. The three age groups had a significantly different opinion on the significance of individual subjects. The dental hygienists of thirty six and over found the basic and preventive public dental care courses most important, and the 31~35 age group placed most stock in education and research. Overall, the post-analysis results showed that prevention and clinical courses were considered most vital, followed by education and fundamental courses. 2. There was a significant gap between four groups from the different work places in their view of the weight of the individual subjects. According to the post-analysis, the dental hygienists from the general hospitals, public dental clinics and their branches gave more weight to fundamental, education and research areas. Those who were with the dental clinics, dental hospitals and general hospitals put higher value on clinical course than the dental hygienists from the public dental clinics and their branches. 3. Two groups with a different career also had a different outlook on the importance of the individual subjects. The post-analysis results illustrated that the dental hygienists who had worked for three years or more put higher stress on the fundamental course than those with a less career, and the dental hygienists with a five-year or higher career attached more importance to the education and research field than those with a smaller career. 4. There was a significant difference between the three age groups in their clinical role. The post-analysis results indicated thai the younger dental hygienists were more of assistants than of professionals, as they chiefly took X-ray photograph, handled treatment materials or performed treatment-related works. Overall, handling treatment materials was most common. 5. The three groups from the different work places significantly varied in their clinical role. According to the post-analysis, those from the dental clinics and dental hospitals took more x-ray photographs, handled more treatment materials and performed more relevant works, compared to those from the general hospitals, public dental clinics and their branches. 6. The two groups with a different career differed significantly in their clinical role. The post-analysis results suggested that the dental hygienists with a less career played an assistant role more, which handled treatment materials or carried out other relevant works. 7. The fundamental courses (I) and (II), preventive class (I) and (II) and its practice course were regarded as integrated subjects that they should take 10 offer preventive treatment, which was one of the dental hygienist missions. What's needed to act as dental-care educators was the basic courses (I) and (II), dental hygiene education and its practice. Finally, integrated clinical courses (I) and (II) and clinical practice were viewed as necessary for their role performance as dental treatment collaborators.