• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제24권8B호
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• pp.1480-1489
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• 1999

본 논문에서는 블록 기반 DCT 부호화 방식의 단점인 블록화 현상을 제거하기 위하여 MSDS 방법을 개선한 후 처리 기법을 제안한다. MSDS방법의 문제점인 예측된 DCT 계수값의 범위를 제한하기 위하여 입력 영상의 블록 경계 화소차 분포를 규정할 수 있는 OSLD(Overlapped Sub-Laplacian Distribution)를 정의한다. 블록화 현상은 블록간의 기울기를 이용하여 불연속 정도를 측정함으로써 정량화 되고, 정량화 된 값을 최소화하도록 양자화 오류값을 예측한다. OSLD를 이용하여 각 블록들을 네 가지 형태로 분류하고 이를 에지 부류와 평탄 부류로 구분한다. 에지 부류로 판별된 블록에서는 예측된 양자화 오류의 범위가 해당되는 양자화 간격보다 크면 이 간격으로 예측된 양자화 오류를 보정한다. 본 방법을 사용하여 실험 영상에서 블록화 현상을 제거할 때 기존의 MSDS 방법에서 요구하였던 입력 영상에 따라 실험적으로 문턱값을 설정하였던 문제점을 해결하고, PSNR 값을 영상에 따라 0.1∼0.3 dB 정도 향상시키면서 시각적으로 화질을 향상시킬 수 있다.

• 대한한의학원전학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.85-94
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• 2021

Objectives : Pulse diagnosis is one of the main diagnostic methods of Korean Medicine that understands the patient's condition and illness by reading changes in the patient's pulse, which is described in terms of pulse condition While they are described in detail in medical texts, it is difficult to grasp their true nature, as the written descriptions fail to do justice to the experience of pulse taking it tries to convey. As a way to approach pulse condition the effect of the body's tension on the radial vein was measured using an ultrasonic device, after which the measured changes and how they could be reflected in pulse condition were studied. In other words, changes in the radial vein following induced tension were analyzed. Methods : 1) The thickness of the subject's radial vein was measured using a linear probe of an ultrasonic device[LOGIQ 5 Basic, GE, USA]. 2) Fatigue level was increased through artificial stimulation using the Gripmeter[ks-301, Lavisen, Korea]. 3) Thickness of the radial vein post tension induction was measured. 4) The results were analyzed with the Tukey test or paired t-test as post hoc tests. Results : Thickness of the radial vein of the subject pre- and post- Gripmeter stimulation decreased with significance. Conclusions : Constriction of the radial vein that happened after tension induction could be linked to the Tight Pulse[緊脈] that is related to patterns of contraction and pulling.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.103-113
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is calling attention to the silver town by analyse preference attributes diversely and suggest alterative plan. Also, offering basic data which needs for the establishment of comfortable and ideal old age residence culture by developing silver town which is appropriate for our circumstances and emotion. The survey population of this study focused on 40s and 50s' middle aged both genders living in the Seoul and national capital region, we used random sampling method. The analytical methods used in this study were frequency, mean, standard deviation, Factor Analysis, t-test, ANOVA, post-hoc estimation (Duncan test), multiple regression, To verify the reliability of each measure, Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used.

• 대한음성학회지:말소리
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• 제52호
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• pp.49-60
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• 2004

The purpose of this paper was to evaluate the effect of hearing level on fundamental frequencies in children. Participants totaled sixty children divided by three groups: congenitally deafened children with cochlear implantation(CI), congenitally deafened children with hearing aids(HA), and children with normal hearing(NH). Fundamental frequencies were measured during the sustained phonation of a vowel /a/. There was statistically significant difference of fundamental frequencies across the groups(p<.01). In post hoc analysis, HA and NH group showed statistically significant difference, but CI group didn't showed significant differences with two groups. In correlation analysis between F0 and the chronological age, there were significant negative tendencies in CI and NH group, but not in HA group. The characteristics of fundamental frequency in CI group were found similar to NH group than HA group in this study. Therefore the results of this study suggest that the hearing level is one of the influencing factors to the fundamental frequency of children.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.25-38
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to examine developmental trends in script-based organization strategy and relative influences of age, use of organizational strategy and category typicality of lists on children's recall. The subjects were 120 infant children, -40 four years old, 40 five years old, 40 six years old. All subjects were received 1 of 2 slot-filler lists of items differing in category representativness. Data were analysed by two-way Anova, Duncan's post-hoc test and Multiple Regression analysis. The major findings were as follows. 1. Recall and use of organizational strategy were increased with age. 2. At each age level, children showed high level of recall and organization strategy for category typical than category atypical. 3. Children's age, use of organizational strategy and category typicality of list significantly predicted children's recall. 42% of the variance of children's recall was explained by three variables. The relative influence of age to the prediction of children's recall was the strongest.

• 아동학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.21-37
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• 1991

The present research studied the effectiveness of specific strategy training in memory awareness on children's memory performance. The subjects were 60 children, 30 six-year-olds and 30 eight-year-olds. Free recall scores and use of a rehearsal strategy (exposure durations) based on Belmont & Butterfield (1971) were used to measure children's performance in three memory tasks. All subjects were randomly assigned to one of three experimental groups: the control group with no training, the chunking and rehearsal strategy training group, and the chunking and rehearsal strategy training combined with memory awareness strategy. The data were analyzed with two-way ANOVA, three-way ANOVA with repeated measures, and Student-Newman-Keuls post hoc test. There were significant differences among the three groups both in the free recall score and in the use of the rehearsal strategy. The mnemonic strategic training with memory awareness strategy was the most effective on both free recall and use of rehearsal strategy. The effects of the mnemonic strategy training with memory awareness strategy were more effective for the 8-year-olds than the 6-year-olds.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.136-147
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• 2014

This study aims to identify the importance and satisfaction levels of home meals of high school students. A developed survey was conducted on July 10 through July 13, 2012. Of 12 high schools located in three different areas in South Korea, three high schools were singled out. For the analyses of the study, the following statistical methods were employed: frequency, cross-tabulation, independent sample t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Duncan as a post-hoc test. As a result, food experiences and education through home meals during childhood promote close ties with other family members and help them develop the food taste and preference that can naturally raise the meal satisfaction level by developing proper eating habit. More implications and discussion are suggested.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.203-223
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• 2005

This study investigated the leisure constraints and leisure life satisfaction of the institutional elderly. The respondents were 302 elderly people residing in 5 free institutionalized elderly homes in Seoul. The data were analyzed by frequency analysis, factor analysis, One-way ANOVA, Duncan's post hoc test and regression analysis using SPSS WIN 12.0 program. Exploratory factor analysis revealed that the 10 items in the proposed scale could be grouped into four factors of constraint on leisure:'physical constraint','psychological constraint','interpersonal constraint', and 'structural constraint 'There were differences in leisure constraints according to sex, age, education degree, interaction with facility colleagues, and interaction with facility staff. There were differences in leisure life satisfaction according to sex, age, having religion or not, interaction with facility colleagues, interaction with facility staff and leisure constraints. Regression analysis results indicated that the main effective factors of leisure life satisfaction were leisure constraints.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2008

The characters of Castanea crenata community which is associated with human activities recently extended around the field of Saengbiryang-myeon at Sanseong-gun in Gyeongsangnam-do. The C. crenata community and its outskirts were investigated for several ecological parameters and the results can be summarized as fellows. C. crenata is prevailing in the plantation area, whereas Pinus densiflora and Quercus mongolica are prevailing in its outskirts. The mean species diversity of plantation was lower than that of natural forests. In stratification of investigated areas, overstory tree layer was dominant in the zone of plantation and dominant layers in the natural forest were understory tree layer, shrub, and herb. Plant biomass and net production which estimated from degree of green naturality were much higher in natural forests than those of the plantation community. Least significant differences (LSD) post hoc analysis revealed that P. densiflora and Q. mongolica community had significantly greater than densities than C. crenata community.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제41권5호
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• pp.149-163
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• 2003

The deteriorated apartments make a social problem in now a days. After all a new alternative plan for deteriorated apartments such as the remodelling concept must be considered. This study aims to survey the needs levels among residents in deteriorated apartments relating to remodelling. It might provide the basic data which could be used for the analysis of consumers in the future implementation of deteriorated remodelling projects. The analytical methods applied for this study were t-test, one-way ANOVA, post-hoc estimation(Scheff test) by the SPSS 10.1 for Windows program. The analysis of the need levels for the areas of remodelling, by the family characteristic variable, residence value viewpoint, and residence satisfaction level, indicated that the demand level for ‘equipment ’was the highest, followed by the order of ‘structure’ and ‘interior’. The need levels for ‘security’, ‘parking lot’, ‘public facilities in apartment block’, and ‘landscape’ were generally low but in the group of high income, the need levels were comparatively high.