• Journal of Appropriate Technology
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.216-224
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• 2021

Purpose: Global collaboration to accelerate development and equitable access to COVID-19 tests, treatments, and vaccines was launched with the name of the Access to COVID-19 Tools Accelerator (ACT-A), and this initiative owes its expertise to the lessons learned of the global health organizations. To date, the comprehensive mechanisms and potential effects of the initiative remain largely unknown. Methods: This study reviewed the programs of Gavi, the Global Fund, Unitaid, and ACT-A, which mitigating barriers to greater use of health technology with an analytic framework. Results and conclusion: The study findings are as follows. First, programs to alleviate the absence of necessary technology include the International Finance Facility for Immunization and Covax Facility. Second, Pooled Procurement Mechanism and Accelerated Order Mechanism are examples of mitigating the inability to access technology. Third, programs to overcome reluctance to adopt accessible technology include health system strengthening efforts such as the capacity-building health workforces. Further actions of Korea are needed to collaborate with the initiatives to enhance health outcomes.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.131-132
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• 2022

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.61-66
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• 2020

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.65 no.4
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• pp.211-213
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• 2022

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.83-85
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• 2023

• Journal of the Korean Society of Floral Art and Design
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• no.45
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• pp.31-46
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• 2021

With the advent of the post-COVID19 era, people must maintain social distancing to quarantine. However, this rule deprives people of freedom. Therefore, this study proposes a new normal plan for urban park design using drive-thru to recreate space for people to maintain and enjoy their previous lives while complying with quarantine rules. Olympic Park has a large floating population, and is one of the places where drive-thru is available. Therefore, the study designed this place to be the only cafe that could be operated if other cafes were shut down due to social distancing. The cafes in the park were designed into five spaces based on Olympic Park's flag motifs. The results were as follows. The cafe's name is CUPPY (Cup+Coffee), while each logo letter is expressed using the colors of the Olympic flag: blue, yellow, black, green, and red. The cafe spaces were divided into five continents (Europe, Asia, Africa, Oceania, and America), as symbolized by the Olympic flag, with the driving route shaped like the Olympic logo to match the five spaces. Human beings need change and adaptation in various fields to live in a post-COVID19 era that they have never experienced before. Just as the New Normal changes with time, and should, research is essential for presenting a New Normal in urban park design that reflects this disaster situation following the COVID-19 crisis. On this very point, we expect that this research will serve as a reference for urban park design. Additionally, it is believed that continuous suggestions and research will be necessary to apply the model to more diverse environments.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.26 no.8
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• pp.91-101
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• 2021

This paper intends to draw implications for preparing for Post-Corona in the health field and policy fields as the global pandemic is experienced due to COVID-19. The purpose of this study is to analyze the news and trends of media companies through temporal analysis of the three infectious diseases, SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19), in which the domestic infectious disease preventive system was active throughout the first year of the outbreak. To this end, by using the news analysis program of the Korea Press Foundation 'Big Kinds', the number of news articles per year was digitized based on the period when each infectious disease had an impact on Korea, and major trends were implemented and analyzed in a word cloud. As a result of the analysis, the number of articles related to infectious diseases peaked when the World Health Organization (WHO) declared a warning and (suspicious) confirmed cases occurred. According to keyword and word cloud analysis, 'infectious disease outbreak and major epidemic areas', 'prevention authorities', and 'disease information and confirmed patient information' were found to be the main common features, and differences were derived from the three infectious diseases. In addition, the current status of the infodemic was identified by performing word cloud analysis on information in uncertainty. The results of this study are significant in that they were able to derive the roles of the health authorities and the media that should be preceded in the event of a new disease epidemic through previously experienced infectious diseases, and areas to be rearranged.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.391-400
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• 2021

This study investigated science education experts' perception of remote laboratory sessions (RLS) provoked by the COVID-19 pandemic. We conducted a total of 10 semi-structured interviews with experts in physics, chemistry, biology, and earth science education. As a result, science education experts primarily understood the RLS concerning pre-service teacher education and reconsidered the aim and goal of conventional laboratory education. On practices of RLS provoked by the COVID-19, they pointed out the learning loss due to deficiency of hands-on experience, decreased interactions between instructor and students, and instructors' increased burden. Meanwhile, they contemplated upon their adaptive implementation of RLS to suggest ways to improve RLS instruction and directions of post-COVID-19 science education. We recommend that RLS should be understood as a complemented version of minds-on teaching rather than a degraded version of hands-on teaching to elicit its full potentials. This study has its own significance providing an in-depth science educational perspective interpreting the RLS phenomena.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.39.1-39.15
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• 2023

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination may non-specifically alter the host immune system. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of COVID-19 vaccination on hepatitis B surface Ag (HBsAg) titer and host immunity in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. Consecutive 2,797 CHB patients who had serial HBsAg measurements during antiviral treatment were included in this study. Changes in the HBsAg levels after COVID-19 vaccination were analyzed. The dynamics of NK cells following COVID-19 vaccination were also examined using serial blood samples collected prospectively from 25 healthy volunteers. Vaccinated CHB patients (n=2,329) had significantly lower HBsAg levels 1-30 days post-vaccination compared to baseline (median, -21.4 IU/ml from baseline), but the levels reverted to baseline by 91-180 days (median, -3.8 IU/ml). The velocity of the HBsAg decline was transiently accelerated within 30 days after vaccination (median velocity: -0.06, -0.39, and -0.04 log₁₀ IU/ml/year in pre-vaccination period, days 1-30, and days 31-90, respectively). In contrast, unvaccinated patients (n=468) had no change in HBsAg levels. Flow cytometric analysis showed that the frequency of NK cells expressing NKG2A, an NK inhibitory receptor, significantly decreased within 7 days after the first dose of COVID-19 vaccine (median, -13.1% from baseline; p<0.001). The decrease in the frequency of NKG2A⁺ NK cells was observed in the CD56^dimCD16⁺ NK cell population regardless of type of COVID-19 vaccine. COVID-19 vaccination leads to a rapid, transient decline in HBsAg titer and a decrease in the frequency of NKG2A⁺ NK cells.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.133-140
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• 2024

Purpose : People who have suffered from COVID-19 suffer from decreased pulmonary function and various side effects. This study aims to present three respiratory exercise intervention methods to improve pulmonary function in COVID-19 survivors. Therefore, the purpose of this study will investigate the effects of breathing exercise interventions (aerobic exercise, diaphragm breathe exercise, and inspiratory muscle training on resistance) on pulmonary function in COVID-19 survivors. Methods : The subjects who participated in this study were 35 male and female college students confirmed with COVID-19. All subjects were randomly assigned to A, D, and I groups according to breathing exercise intervention method. Groups A, D, and I each performed aerobic exercise, diaphragm breathing exercise, and inspiratory muscle training on resistance, 3 times a week for 6 weeks. Pulmonary function was measured using a spirometer, and FVC (forced vital capacity), FEV₁ (forced expiratory volume in one second), FEV₁/FVC % (forced expiratory volume in one second / forced vital capacity ratio), and PEF (peak expiratory flow) were measured at 0, 3, and 6 weeks. Data analysis was compared by repeated measures analysis of variance, and post hoc tests for time were compared and analyzed using paired t-tests. Results : In the results of this study, FVC values showed statistically significant improvement in all groups. FEV₁ values also showed statistically significant improvement in all groups. And the FEV₁/FVC % value also showed statistically significant improvement in all groups. And the PEF values also showed statistically significant improvement in all groups. Conclusion : The results of this study reported that aerobic exercise, diaphragm breathing exercise, and resistance inspiratory muscle training were all effective in improving pulmonary function in COVID-19 survivors. Therefore, application of the three breathing exercise intervention methods presented in this study will help improve pulmonary function in COVID-19 survivors.