• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.93-97
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• 1997

A case of cervical chordoma diagnosed by fine needle aspiration is discussed. A 41year-old male was admitted due to dyspnea on neck flexion. Radiologic image revealed a retrotracheal superior mediastinal solid mass. Aspiration cytology showed many clusters of oval or large polygonal cells having abundant eosinophilic or bubbly cytoplasm in an amorphous blue-gray mucoid background. The nuclei were round and showed size variation, coarse granular chromatin, and indistinct nucleoli. Some cells contained brown granular pigments in the cytoplasm. Mitoses were rarely found. The cytoplasm was strongly positive for PAS stain. Immunohistochemical stains using cell block revealed positive reaction for cytokerain, EMA, vimentin, and S-100 protein. The confirmative diagnosis was made by following excisional biopsy. Electron microscopic study revealed large pools of intracytoplasmic glycogen and microfilaments. This is the first case of cervical chordoma diagnosed by aspiration cytology to our knowledge in Korean literature.

• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.120-125
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• 2004

Ewing's sarcoma (ES)/PNET is common in both axial and appendicular skeletons, but is extremely rare in the talus. Here, we report a case of ES/PNET of the left talus in a 29-year-old male patient diagnosed by fine needle aspiration cytology, and review the literature on similar cases. The cytological smears were composed of individually dispersed small round cells and occasional clusters of loosely cohesive cells. The tumor cells were fragile, frequently exhibiting naked nuclei. Two distinct types of cells were observed. The light (chief) cells displayed round or slightly oval nuclei with frequent indentations, generally inconspicuous nucleoli, and a thin rim of cytoplasm, which sometimes harbored small vacuoles. The dark cells were smaller, displaying scanty cytoplasm with dense hyperchromatic nuclei, intermixed with chief cells, and often manifesting as small molded groups. However, no significant nuclear pleomorphisms or mitoses were noted. Tumor cells in the ceil block revealed positive cytoplasmic glycogen, as determined by a PAS stain with diastase control, and also exhibited positive immunoreactivity for CD99.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.85-87
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• 2010

We experienced a rare case of solitary syphilitic osteomyelitis of the skull without any other clinical signs or symptoms of syphilis. A 20-year-old man was referred due to intermittent headache and mild tenderness at the right parietal area of the skull with a palpable coin-sized lesion of softened cortical bone. On radiological studies, the lesion was a radiolucent well enhanced mass (17 mm in diameter). The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (52 mm/h) and C-reactive protein (2.24 mg/dL) were elevated on admission. Serum venereal disease research laboratory (VDRL) and Treponema pallidum haemagglutination assay (TPHA) tests were positive. There were no clinical signs or symptoms of syphilis. After treatment with benzathine penicillin, we removed the lesion and performed cranioplasty. The pathologic finding of the skull lesion was fibrous proliferation with lymphoplasmocytic infiltration forming an osteolytic lesion. In addition, a spirochete was identified using the Warthin-starry stain. The polymerase chain reaction study showed a positive band for Treponema pallidum. Solitary osteomyelitis of the skull can be the initial presenting pathological lesion of syphilis.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Pathology
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.66-71
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• 1997

Eighteen NZW rabbits used for local skin irritation study were examined grossly and microscopically for natural infection with Encephalitozoon cuniculi. For microscopic tissue evaluation histochemical techniques such as PAS Gram iron hematoxylin and HE stain were used. Although rabbits in the study had no abnormal clinical signs 7/18(38.9%) animals were microscopically infected with E. cuniculi. The affected rabbits had gray-whitish and depressed approximately 0.1∼0.6 cm diameter lesions in the kidneys. All other organs examined were grossly unremarkable. Histopathologically however in addition to segmental interstitial nephritis focal lymphocytic myocarditis and granulomatous inflammatory reaction in portal areas of the liver multifocal granulomatous foci with vasculitis were present in the brain kidney and lungs. Aggregates of minute oval organisms were observed in brain and kidney sections frequently within the granulomatous foci and sometimes without any inflammatory reaction particularly in the renal tubules. in histochemical stains the organisms were gram positive stained with iron hematoxylin and had PAS positive granule at one pole. They measured approximately 1.5×2.5μm consistent with E. cuniculi. Histochemical characterization is important to differentiate E. cuniculi from other common protozoal infection such as Toxoplasma gondii. This study demonstrate the importance of subclinical. E. cunuculi infection and the associated histological alterations may interfere with tissue evaluation in toxicologic studies.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.55 no.4
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• pp.267-269
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• 2015

A two-year-old spayed female pug presented with symmetrical hyperpigmented alopecic lesions on her axillary and inguinal regions. There were no remarkable findings in dermatologic examinations and hormonal assays. Histological examination of biopsied tissues revealed prominent lymphocytic perifolliculitis along with shrunk hair follicles. Immunohistochemistry for CD3, CD79a, CD4, and CD8 showed a positive stain for CD4 antigen around hair bulbs, suggesting CD4 positive T lymphocyte infiltration. This case suggests the possibility that CD4 T lymphocyte-mediated inflammatory reaction could be a main mechanism in canine alopecia areata. Additional studies are warranted to investigate the immunological mechanism in canine species.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.988-993
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• 2007

The protective effect of the water extract of Fraxinus rhynchophylla leaves (FLE) was determined using an animal model of acetaminophen (AAP)-induced nephrotoxicity. The BALB/c male mice used in this study were divided into 3 groups; the normal, AAP-administered, and FLE-pretreated AAP groups. A single dose of AAP induced necrosis of renal tubules and congestion along with edema to a remarkable degree as observed by hematoxylin and eosin stain, and also increased the numbers of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick end labeling (TUNEL)-positive renal tubular epithelial cells. Blood urea nitrogen and plasma creatinine levels were determined to be significantly higher in the AAP group than in the normal group. However, FLE pretreatment resulted in an attenuation of renal tubule necrosis. Regeneration and dilatation of renal tubules were noted, and the numbers of TUNEL-positive cells were reduced in the FLE-pretreated groups. In an effort to detect the bioactive compounds exerting protective effects in FLE, the analysis of phenolic compounds via gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) were performed, and identified esculetin and esculin. The present study indicates that these compounds may exert a protective effect against AAP-induced nephrotoxicity.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.279-281
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• 2009

Amyloid-producing odontogenic tumors were described in the gingival masses of two Maltese dogs. Gingival masses were surgically removed and submitted for diagnosis. On histopathology, the masses were poorly demarcated, infiltrative, and consisted of cuboidal and columnar epithelial cells with palisading pattern. Nodular deposit of congophilic amyloid-like material and mineralization were another features of the tumors. Immunohistochemically, the neoplasticd cells were positive to pancytokeratin and neuron-specific enolase but were negative to vimentin. The amorphous homogeneous eosinophilic materials were positive to Congo red stain and showed apple-green color under the polarized microscope. Based on these results, both cases were diagnosed as amyloid-producing odontogenic tumors in dogs.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.1000-1007
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• 2011

This study was conducted to determine the analgesic effect of onion and acanthopanax senticosus mixture extract using the rheumatoid arthritis rat model. Rheumatoid arthritis model was made by the intradermal injection of type II collagen emulsified. Rats were divided into four groups: (1) Sham group(n=5), (2) Control group(administered DW 3 $m{\ell}$/1 day after RA induced, n=7), (3) Experimental group I(administered Onion extractor 600 mg/3 $m{\ell}$/1 day after RA induced, n=7). (4) Experimental group III(administered Onion and Acanthopanax senticosus mixture extractor 600 mg/3 $m{\ell}$/1 day after RA induced, n=7). After that, we examined the arthritic index, paw edema, pain threshold at 1st, 14th, 28th days. And also we examined histopathologic study(safranin-O green), immunohistochamical stain(COX-2) of knee joint at 28th days. Arthritic index, paw edema and pain threshold test were decrease in experimental group I, II than control group. Especially group II was most significantly inhibit effect than the other groups at 28th days. On the histopathologic view, all experimental groups were relieved and reproduced the erosion of arthritic site compared with control group. All experimental groups were COX-2 positive cells in the immunohistological stain of the knee joint were significantly decreased compared with control group. Especially group II was most significantly decreased than the other groups at 28th days. Onion and Acanthopanax senticosus mixture extractor can be used for curing rheumatoid arthritis. Anti-inflammatory effects may be somewhat better in combination of Onion and Acanthopanax senticosus.

• Journal of Species Research
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.91-100
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• 2017

Five bacterial strains, ES10-3-3-1, KKM10-2-2-1, Ant11, JM10-4-1-3, and KMS4-11 assigned to the genus Deinococcus were isolated from soil samples collected from Namyangju-si in Gyeonggi-do, Gangnam-gu and Dongdaemun-gu in Seoul, Korea. In addition, four bacterial strains, KKM10-2-7-2, JM10-2-5, JM10-2-6-2, and KKM10-2-3 assigned to the genus Hymenobacter were isolated from soil samples collected from Gangnam-gu and Dongdaemun-gu in Seoul, in South Korea. The five Deinococcus species were Gram-stain positive, pink-pigmented, and short-rod or coccus shaped. The four Hymenobacter species were Gram-stain negative, red-pigmented, and short-rod shaped. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strains ES10-3-3-1, KKM10-2-2-1, Ant11, JM10-4-1-3, and KMS4-11 were most closely related to Deinococcus citri $NCCP-154^T$ (with 99.8% similarity), Deinococcus grandis DSM $12784^T$ (99.0%), Deinococcus marmoris DSM $12784^T$ (98.8%), Deinococcus claudionis $PO-04-19-125^T$ (98.7%), and Deinococcus radioresistens $8A^T$ (99.8%), respectively. KKM10-2-7-2, JM10-2-5, JM10-2-6-2, and KKM10-2-3 were most closely related to Hymenobacter algoricola $VUG-A23a^T$ (99.1% similarity), Hymenobacter elongatus $VUG-A112^T$ (99.1% similarity), Hymenobacter gelipurpurascens $Txg1^T$ (99.1% similarity), and Hymenobacter psychrotolerans $Tibet-IIU11^T$ (99.3% similarity), respectively. These nine species have never been reported in Korea; thus, five Deinococcus species are reported in the family Deinococcaceae, order Deinococcales, class Deinococci, phylum Deinococcus-Thermus and four Hymenobacter species are reported in the family Cytophagaceae, order Cytophagales, class Cytophagia, phylum Bacteroidetes.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.311-316
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• 2008

A 7-year-old female Shih Tzu dog with lots of masses in the whole mammary gland was presented to the surgery department of the Veterinary Teaching Hospital in the Cheju National University. After surgical excision, all mammary samples were referred to Pathology Department of Veterinary Medicine. Grossly, masses were measuring up to $6.5{\times}4{\times}1cm$ and on cut surface of masses in right 1st, 3rd, 4th, 5th and left 1st, 3rd, 4th, 5th mammary masses were well delineated and firm, sulphur yellow, solid round to oval shape. Microscopically, most neoplastic sweat glands were severely proliferated in dermis and subcutis. Most tubules were lined by round to oval shaped epithelium with eosinophilic cytoplasm, hyperchromatic nuclei with high mitotic figures and severe central necrosis. The neoplastic epithelium also had PAS-positive diastase-resistant cytoplasmic granules, but negative with Perls iron stain. The left 2nd mass was well delineated, and had several dark brown areas and yellowish white glittered areas. Mass was well circumscribed with dense connective tissue. Neoplastic areas contained irregular sized mammary gland with papillary grown luminal epithelial cells in single or double cells layer with mitotic figures and small amounts of proliferated myoepithelial cells. Proliferated myoepithelial cells also produced slightly basophilic mucinous materials. Based on the gross, histopathologic and special staining characteristics, this dog was diagnosed as 90% of apocrine sweat gland aenocarcinoma and 10% mammary. complex adenomas in mammary masses. In our best knowledge, this is the first report for concurrent occurrence of apocrine sweat gland adenocarcinoma and mammary gland complex adenoma in mammary masses of the same dog.