• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.35-49
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• 2018

Busan Port handles more than 75% of the domestic freight volume and is ranked at 6th for global shipping in the world. This paper aims to estimate ship emission in North Port that is the center of Busan Port and located near the residential area. The emission for each type of ship is calculated applying a emission model proposed by U.S. EPA and the atmospheric diffusion pattern of the exhaust gas according to the season, the weather condition and the time was identified using CALPUFF Model. As a result, the major pollutants of $NO_x$, $SO_x$ and PM10 were 30,853 tons, 36,281 tons and 6,856 tons, respectively, and the highest rate was 42% in oil tankers. On clear days, air pollution was stagnant around the harbor, spread widely on windy days, and tended to be thinner on rainy days. The research contributes to recognizing the seriousness of air pollution and can be used as basic data for policy making in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.95-100
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• 2007

Busan-port is world's fifth trading port and is playing an important role in medium of revenue expansion and civic growth of Busan metropolitan city. Therefore, Busan metropolitan city aims at establishment of maritime special city with sailing of popular election third times. But this sort of goal can be accomplished when job satisfaction of port's personnel concerned is elevated. So, the object of this study is to research on job satisfaction of Busan-port pier management corporation's employee. Through the examination of preceding studies, duty contents promotion remuneration control sense of responsibility colleague relation guarantee job office quantity working environment. tenure of office sex age education are used as factors of job satisfaction. The finding of this study are as follows; First, promotion and remuneration exert significant influence upon job satisfaction. Second, the job satisfaction of Busan-port Pier Management Corporation's Employee is pretty low.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• v.1
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• pp.309-314
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• 2006

The amount of transshipment cargoes had been increased in Korea ports due to the rapid Chinese economic growth and the lack of facilities in Chinese ports. Recently, this increasing rate of transshipment cargoes in Korean ports is declining because Shanghai port is developing and establishing direct calls and shipping lines to China. Therefore, it is considered a big obstacle for Busan port to be a hub port. Due to that fact, an innovative development of domestic ports is necessary in order to overcome this obstacle. This paper analyzes the cargo O/D between Busan port and Japanese ports, and logistics costs are analyzed when Japanese cargoes are transshipped in Busan port.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.91-98
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• 2009

Busan port, which had ranked at 3rd busiest port following Singapore and Hong Kong in 2002, has been nudged out of 5th place. Growth of China ports threatens Korea ports to be a hub port in Far East Asia. Therefore, Korea ports are needed to establish competitive strategies to overcome a crisis of local ports. In this paper, the question, 'Who is my competitor?' is examined There is a different aspect between this work and many studies that has been done before, because the fore studies focused on the competitive factors or port efficiencies. Above all, the meaning of competition among ports has been summarized through existing literatures. Next. the competition structure among ports is researched, based 0/1 import-export traffic of five local ports including Busan.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Navigation
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.39-65
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• 1987

Since the middle of 1950's, containerization has been rapidly spread over the world in virtue of great merits providing to interensts, and the fundamental changes in port management and prot operations are resulted. As the container terminal is a complex system which is consisted of various subsystems, the treatment for improving the productivity is required in a comprehensive fashion, both in each of its parts and as an integrated system. This paper aims to make an intensive analysis of the Busan Container Terminal system, especially focusing on its subsystems such as ship operation system, storage system and transfer system. First of all, the intrinsic capacity of various subsystems is calculated and it is checked whether the current operation is being performed effectively through the formal analysis. Secondly, the suggestion is presented to improve the operation by considering the throughput that the port of Busan will have to accept in the near future. The results are as follows; 1) As the inefficiency is due to the imbalance between various subsystems at Busan terminal, transfer equipment level must be up to 31% for straddle carrier and 67% transfer crane above all. 2) The yard capacity must be increased by reducing the free dwell time of containers in order to accept the traffic volume smoothly in the near future. 3) The better way to reduce the port congestion is to change berthing rule from the FIFP to the Pre-allocated system by considering the ship arrival pattern.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.503-512
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• 2012

In Yongwon channel, its natural flow of seawater is blocked by the construction of Busan New Port including the container berth. The channel was transformed into a narrow and long one, where it is possible that ships are only allowed to pass through the north-side channel of Gyeonmado located at the point of river mouth to Songjeongcheon. In addition, Yongwon channel is approximately 100 m wide on average and 3,600 m long, and has the highest slenderness ratio (length/width = 36). So it is considered that the changes in the terrain characteristics of Yongwon channel is likely to alter the circulation of sea water, thereby changing its water quality. In this study, the bottom sediment were collected from the 48 points of the Yongwon channel and the long-term leaching characteristics were analyzed. Thus, changes in sediment and water quality were analyzed through the sediment release test to investigate the degree of contamination. The sediment release from the inside region was higher than the outer region, which is due to the pollutant that comes form the downtown area. The results of this study can be used to predict the water quality in the future and prepare the economically optimized countermeasures to improve the water quality of Yongwon channel, Busan New Port.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.31 no.9
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• pp.781-791
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• 2022

In order to investigate the characteristics of the effects of various emission sources such as ships around the Busan North Port area, PM_2.5 samples were analyzed by SEM/EDS (scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive x-ray spectrometer). In the port city Busan, the main emission source of PM_2.5 is ships, and soot was observed as the main exhaust particles of a ship diesel engine. As a result of the individual particle analysis of PM_2.5 at the sampling site, carbonaceous particles such as soot and water droplet-shaped, which are considered to be exhausted from ships, were constantly observed. And some spherical Fe-rich particles also appeared.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.61-87
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• 2001

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the location, population growth. and cargo concentration of Korean port-cities. In the location theory, Sommer (1976) and McGee (1967) models are newly introduced, as are the Rimmer (1967), Bird (1965), Hoyle (1981) models. which were already introduced in previous studies from Korea. Analysis of population growth in the Korean port-cities is conducted using data from 1966 to 1998. Rimmer and Hoyle's concentration models are used to measure cargo concentration from 1966 to 2000. The main results of this paper are as follows: First, Korean ports are concentrated on the East Sea, the Southern Sea, and the West Sea. Their locations are closely related with the hinterland. the inland city, and growth of port-cities. In considering the foreign countrys' cases, Korean port-cities are similar to the models of Bird and Hoyle. Second, the populations of Ulsan and Pohang grew at the fastest rate in 1966-1998, while the port cities in the Honam and Jeiu region grew at much lower ratios. Most port cities are located near large industrial complexes. Third the growth rates of Gwangyang, Daesan, Pohang, Pyungtaeg, and Samchunpo increased, while those of Busan. Mukho, Masan, Mogpo, Yeosu, and Sokcho declined. Of particular note, the growth rate of Busan remained negative after the late 1980s. Fourth. empirical results using the Rimmer (1967) model indicate that Gwangyang, Daesan, Pyungtag, and Pohang have shown the concentration. But the deconcentration was shown from the Busan, Mukho, Janghang, Gunsan, Mogpo, Yeosu, Masan, Sokcho. and Jeju. Fifth, the concentration of ports located in West coast region has shown the mixed results between concentration and deconcentration except the concentration of early 1970s and 1990s. The concentration of ports located in East coast region has shown the concentration before the middle of 1980s. And deconcentration after the middle of 1980s have appeared. The Southern coast region has shown the continuous deconcentration except the partial concentration of early 1986. and 1991. Planners of Korean ports should find out the factors of concentration and deconcentration of each ports and should determine factors such as investment priority level. size and scope in order to ensure the balanced development of regional ports and port-cities.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.357-362
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• 2004

Due to the rapid growth of Chinese ports, currently, research for the improvement of competitiveness of Busan port have been intensively studied. These research have mostly evaluated or analyzed competitiveness of ports, and then, based on results of analysis, have suggested some strategies for enhancing competitiveness of Busan port. However, although implications of these previous studies are practically available to build policies for Busan port, basic studies such as identification of port competitiveness( or port selection) related factors for reasonable evaluation and analysis which have contributions in academic area have been very rare. The primary objective of this study is to investigate port selection criteria, based on empirical data. Especially, in this study, we classify internal／external factors, and present importances of external factors that have yet to be empirically identified in previous studies.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.525-530
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• 2004

Due to the rapid growth of Chinese ports, currently, research for the improvement of competitiveness of Busan port have been intensively studied. These research have mostly evaluated or analyzed competitiveness of ports, and then, based on results of analysis, have suggested some strategies for enhancing competitiveness of Busan port. However. although implications of these previous studies are practically available to build policies for Busan port, basic studies such as identification of port competitiveness( or port selection) related factors for reasonable evaluation and analysis which have contributions in academic area have been very rare. The primary objective of this study is to investigate port selection criteria, based on empirical data Especially, in this study, we classify internal /external factors, and present importances of external factors that have yet to be empirically identified in previous studies.