• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.57 no.4
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• pp.706-714
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• 2008

In this paper, we suggest a practical and flexible system architecture for JTAG(Joint Test Action Group) protection of application processors. From the view point of security, the debugging function through JTAG port can be abused by malicious users, so the internal structures and important information of application processors, and the sensitive information of devices connected to an application processor can be leak. This paper suggests a system architecture that disables computing power of computers used to attack processors to reveal important information. For this, a user authentication method is used to improve security strength by checking the integrity of boot code that is stored at boot memory, on booting time. Moreover for user authorization, we share hard wired secret key cryptography modules designed for functional operation instead of hardwired public key cryptography modules designed for only JTAG protection; this methodology allows developers to design application processors in a cost and power effective way. Our experiment shows that the security strength can be improved up to $2^{160}{\times}0.6$second when using 160-bit secure hash algorithm.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.121-142
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to identify environmental factors affecting manpower utilization of container terminals. 300 questionnaires were distributed to employees working in terminal operators in Busan and Gwangyang port. Based on the results of multiple regression analysis, first, it is proved that technology development, organizational culture and social·external environment have a significant impact on manpower utilization of container terminals. Second, this study found that technology development and social·external environment have a significant impact on manpower utilization of container terminals system. Third, it is found that technology development, social·external environment, safety and security change the composition of the workforce between office and field employees. Forth, the number of workforce is expected to gradually decrease due to technology development. Finally, it is found that technology development, organizational culture, social·external environment and terminal operation have a impact on specialization and training system of human resoures.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.103-128
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• 2001

At present, the EDI systems are indispensable software in port logistics industry. Currently, a monopolistic VAN/EDI service provider operates the EDI services. The current EDI client software has the 2-tier fat client/server architecture. However, the current EDI software is lack of Web interface and causes lots of cost for maintenance. Therefore, a variety of implementation architecture has been being tried by using script, XML and distributed object-oriented technology. Web/EDI and XML/EDI are the new EDI systems, However, the EDI systems have some limitations such as speed. This study intends to compare the variety implementation architecture for the EDI systems in the users' perspective and explore the strong and weak points of each architecture. We compared the EDI systems based on our experience of more than 2-years of implementation project for the EDI systems of port logistics. We categorized the EDI systems as client application EDI, Web EDI using script, XML/EDI, and 3-tier distributed object-oriented EDI system. We compared them with criteria such as speed, program maintenance, easiness of implementation and usage, security, and load balancing and fail-over. Finally we discuss the direction of optimal EDI system architecture for the future.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.747-752
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• 2020

Special logistics, such as steel coils or steel plates, are being shipped and deployed depending on experienced personnel. Therefore, there is a great possibility of accidents due to immaturity by human error or lack of experience. There is a need to prevent the possibility of such an accident in advance, to apply security requirements required for special logistics, to ensure the stability of cargo, and to operate an management system to check the correct loading list. In addition, accurate shipping inspection is necessary to balance the ship. This paper analyzes the problems of shipping inspection currently being implemented and proposes a web-based port special logistics shipping inspection and balancing operation system to improve it.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2016.05a
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• pp.38-39
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• 2016

IMO는 e-navigation을 구현하기 위한 전략이행계획에 따라 e-navigation 소프트웨어 품질보증 가이드라인을 개발하였고 이는 IMO의 회람문서로 등재되었다. 이 가이드라인에서 e-navigation 설계 시 고려해야 하는 품질 특성으로 사이버보안에 대해 언급하고 있다. 2016년 6월 MSC 96차 회의에 미국과 BIMCO 등 주요 IMO회원국 및 기구에서 제출한 사이버보안 가이드라인을 주요 의제로 다룬다. 본 논문에서는 데이터 품질 관점에서 IMO 사이버보안 가이드라인과 e-navigation 소프트웨어 품질 가이드라인의 연계방안을 제시하고자 한다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2015.07a
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• pp.205-207
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• 2015

The purpose of this paper is to analyze maritime piracy and its economic implications with particular attention to attacks registered in the Gulf of Aden, and to investigate in theory what is the rationale behind engaging in criminal behavior. The paper also aims to investigate how the International community along with Sovereign States should allocate resources in order to make the seas a safer place and describe how closely inter-related maritime piracy, preventive and punitive measure put in place by Governments are. Elements of economics and ergonomics are taken into account in order to properly investigate the major legal issues relating to maritime security.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2017.11a
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• pp.32-33
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• 2017

As the era of e-navigation begins, the significance of harmonized collection, exchange, and integration of marine information conventional "ship-to-ship" and "ship-to-shore"/"shore-to-ship" has become more significant in ensuring safety and security at sea. This research aims to provide an internationally applicable list of Standard e-Navigation Phrases (SENP ) for communication in the e-Navigation environment, along with practical approaches to this. For this purpose, the importance of standardized communication phrases specific to e-Navigation will first be illustrated. In order to approach the e-Navigation phrases in a practical and pragmatic manner, means of compiling and processing authentic VHF linguistic data accumulated from one of the Korean ports, Ulsan, will be detailed. In addition, major outcomes to be considered in designing SENP will be suggested. Finally, future actions and a joint effort for the standardization of e-Navigation phrases among stakeholders will be sought.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.91-95
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• 2010

Recently IMO and IALA have developed the strategy of e-Navigation and the concepts of VTM to enhance the safety, efficiency and security of vessel traffic and protection of the marine environment. And current technical and functional trends require vessel traffic management systems to be improved so as to control vessel traffic not only in waters of harbour area, but also within EEZ waters. Under the consideration of these circumstances, a three-layered vessel traffic management system was proposed in this paper. The proposed system consists of three sub-systems, called Local VTS, Regional VTS and National VTS, and those sub-systems are designed respectively to be suitable for managing vessel traffic within their own jurisdiction waters.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.113-138
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• 2003

With it being inevitable to change the method of supervising as it is reorganized to EEZ coming out of the old concept of contamination in Korean area of the sea, it costs a lot to have good enough systems of total control for sea contamination and prevention of contamination as well as the effective marine superintendence because the governing bodies such as Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries, National Maritime Police Agency, and Authorities of Guiding Ships for Fishery, have their own source of laws and different ways to execute. In order to change such a wrong method of marine superintendence, it is necessary to conduct the merger and abolition of similar authorities with similar functions into authorities which are light but can be expected to play a major role, and to open the high-costing low-efficient organizations to make them remodel to be reborn as economical bodies. In addition to that, the maritime authorities, which are falling to incapable organizations not being able to work out any complicated tasks, have to be reborn as preventing bodies which take care of security and public peace and cut off a pollution source from sea and land.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• v.2
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• pp.335-338
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• 2006

This report introduces a National Vessel Monitoring System(NVMS) within the General Information Center On Maritime Safety and Security(GICOMS) project and a national legislation system for ship's safety management in Korea. We also represent future directions of NVMS in terms of E-Navigation(E-Nav), which is the new study item for COMSAR and NAV that has been adopted from the Maritime Safety Committee(MSC) 81st session. It concludes the future E-Nav system, when it is built, that all functions of NVMS should be used by NVMS controllers as well as mariners, and we should also consider the existing NVMS infrastructure including S/W and H/W.