• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.699-716
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• 2019

In this paper, wave propagations in sigmoid functionally graded (S-FG) plates are studied using new Higher Shear Deformation Theory (HSDT) based on two-dimensional (2D) elasticity theory. The current higher order theory has only four unknowns, which mean that few numbers of unknowns, compared with first shear deformations and others higher shear deformations theories and without needing shear corrector. The material properties of sigmoid functionally graded are assumed to vary through thickness according sigmoid model. The S-FG plates are supposed to be imperfect, which means that they have a porous distribution (even and uneven) through the thickness of these plates. The governing equations of S-FG plates are derived employed Hamilton's principle. Using technique of Navier, differential equations of S-FG in terms displacements are solved. Extensive results are presented to check the efficient of present methods to predict wave dispersion and velocity wave in S-FG plates.

• 한국추진공학회지
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2001

다공성 카본 페놀릭 복합재의 재료상수를 실험데이터로부터 결정하기 위하여 시간의존 이론과 유한요소법을 적용하였다. 이 이론은 Biot 의 상수와 투과율 사이의 관계를 다공성의 함수로 사용하여 기존의 Lee, Salamon, Sullivan[1］의 논문을 수정하였다. 수정된 유한요소 프로그램과 재료의 모델링은 (1) 다공성 재료 이론에 더 충실하고 (2) 새롭게 발견된 해석적 단순함을 포함하고 (3) 재료의 성질을 더욱 정확하게 기술하였다. 실험 데이터에 대한 적용과 비교는 어떻게 재료의 파라미터들이 재료의 응답 즉 온도에 따르는 압력의 크기와 최대치의 위치 지배되는지 명백하게 나타낸다. 특별히 응답이 투과율에 매우 민감하게 나타났다.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.117-122
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• 2010

BCY($Ba(Ce_{0.9}Y_{0.1})O_{3-\delta}$) oxide, shows high protonic conductivity at high temperatures, and are referred to as hydrogen separation membrane. For high efficiency of hydrogen separation ($H_2$ flux and selectivity) and low fabrication cost, ultimate thin and dense BCY-Ni layer have to be coated on a porous substrate such as $ZrO_2$. Aerosol depostion (AD) process is a novel technique to grow ceramic film with high density and nano-crystal structure at room-temperature, and would be applied to the fabrication process of AD integration ceramic layer effectively. XRD and SEM measurements were conducted in order to analyze the characteristics of BCY-Ni membrane fabricated by AD process.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2009년도 제38회 동계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.111-111
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• 2010

최근 전자 소자의 집적기술은 기존의 2차원에서 System on package (SOP) 개념에 기반을 둔 3차원 집적 기술로 발전 되어가고 있다. 소자의 3차원 실장을 실현시키는 과정에서 세라믹의 여러 유용성이 언급되어져 왔지만, 취성이 매우 크다는 등의 단점이 있었다. 이러한 이유로 연성을 가지는 폴리머와 세라믹을 합성한 복합체 기판에 대하여 많은 연구가 되고 있다. 그러나 세라믹 제작을 위해서는 높은 공정온도가 요구되고 있고 이러한 높은 공정상에서의 온도는 3차원 실장에 있어서 문제점이 되고 있다. 이러한 문제점을 극복하기 위하여 상온에서 치밀한 세라믹 후막을 제작할 수 있는 공정인 Aerosol Deposition Method (ADM)방법으로 세라믹-폴리머 후막의 제조를 시도하였다. 일반적으로 ADM은 수백 나노의 출발 파우더를 사용하여 치밀한 세라믹 막을 형성하는데 사용된다. 본 연구에서는 ADM으로 100 nm미만의 나노 세라믹 파우더를 사용하여 다공성의 세라믹 후막을 제조한 후 resin을 함침시키는 방법으로 세라믹-폴리머 후막의 제조를 시도하였다. 그 결과 운송가스, aerosol 농도 등의 공정조건을 변화시켜 다공성의 $Al_2O_3$ 후막을 제조하였고, 이 다공성 후막은 반투명의 특성을 보이며 고충전율로 형성되었다. 이렇게 제조된 나노 다공성 $Al_2O_3$ 후막에 cyanate ester resin을 함침시키는 방법을 사용하여 $Al_2O_3$-cyanate ester 복합체 후막을 제조하였으며, 이의 비유전율 및 품질계수는 각각 1 MHz에서 6.7, 1000으로 우수한 유전특성을 보임이 확인되었다.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제19권7호
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• pp.391-396
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• 2009

2-dimensional silica-silica Continuous Fiber-reinforced Ceramic.matrix Composites (CFCCs) were fabricated by a sol-gel infilitration method that has a changing processing condition, such as the repetitions of infilitration. In order to investigate the relationship between the processing condition and the mechanical properties of composites, the mechanical properties of specimens were measured by means of a 4-point flexural strength test while the evidence of strength degradation were microstructurally characterized. There seemed to be a minimum density value that existed at which the delamination between the fabrics would not occur. In the case that the density of silica CFCCs exceeded 1.55 g/$cm^3$, the flexural strength also exceeded approximately 18 MPa at least. By applying the Minimum Solid Area (MSA) analysis of the porous structure, the correlation between the relative density and the mechanical properties of composites will be discussed.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.249-260
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• 2020

The main purpose of this research work is to investigate the free vibration of conical shell structures reinforced by graphene platelets (GPLs) and the elastic properties of the nanocomposite are obtained by employing Halpin-Tsai micromechanics model. To this end, a shell model is developed based on Donnell's theory. To solve the problem, the analytical Galerkin method is employed together with beam mode shapes as weighting functions. Due to importance of boundary conditions upon mechanical behavior of nanostructures, the analysis is carried out for different boundary conditions. The effects of boundary conditions, semi vertex angle, porosity distribution and graphene platelets on the response of conical shell structures are explored. The correctness of the obtained results is checked via comparing with existing data in the literature and good agreement is eventuated. The effectiveness and the accuracy of the present approach have been demonstrated and it is shown that the Donnell's shell theory is efficient, robust and accurate in terms of nanocomposite problems.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.451-460
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• 2019

Thin film composite membranes incorporated with nano-sized hydrophilic zeolite -A were successfully prepared via interfacial polymerization (IP) on porous blend PES/PAN support for water desalination. The thin film nanocomposite membranes were characterized by SEM, contact angle and performance test with 7000 ppm NaCl solution at 7bar. The results showed that the optimum zeolite loading amount was determined to be 0.1wt% with permeate flux 29LMH.NaCl rejection was improved from 69% to 92% compared to the pristine polyamide membrane where the modified PA surface was more selective than that of the pristine PA. In addition, there was no significant change in the permeate flux of the thin film nanocomposite membrane compared with that of the pristine PA in spite of the formation of the dense polyamide layer. The stability of the polyamide layer was investigated for 15 days and the optimized membrane presented the highest durability and stability.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.309-321
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• 2015

We report in this study the synthesis of mixed matrix reverse osmosis membranes by interfacial polymerization (IP) of thin film nanocomposite (TFNC) on porous polysulfone supports (PS). This paper investigates the synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) using the sol-gel processing technique and evaluates the performance of mixed matrix membranes reached by these aerogel NPs. Aqueous m-phenyl diamine (MPD) and organic trimesoyl chloride (TMC)-NPs mixture solutions were used in the IP process. The reaction of MPD and TMC at the interface of PS substrates resulted in the formation of the thin film composite (TFC). NPs of ZnO with a size of about 25 nm were used for the fabrication of the TFNC membranes. These membranes were characterized and evaluated in comparison with neat TFC ones. Their performances were evaluated based on the water permeability and salt rejection. Experimental results indicated that the NPs improved membrane performance under optimal concentration of NPs. By changing the content of the filler, better hydrophilicity was obtained; the contact angle was decreased from $74^{\circ}$ to $32^{\circ}$. Also, the permeate water flux was increased from 26 to 49 L/m2.h when the content of NPs is 0.1 (wt.%) with the maintaining of lower salt passage of 1%.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.47-66
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• 2021

This work addresses the free vibration analysis of Functionally Graded Porous (FGP) nanocomposite truncated conical shells with Graphene PLatelet (GPL) reinforcement. In this study, three different distributions for porosity and three different dispersions for graphene platelets have been considered in the direction of the shell thickness. The Halpin-Tsai equations are used to find the effective material properties of the graphene platelet reinforced materials. The equations of motion are derived based on the higher-order shear deformation theory and Sanders's theory. The Fourier Differential Quadrature (FDQ) technique is implemented to solve the governing equations of the problem and to obtain the natural frequencies of the truncated conical shell. The combination of FDQ with higher-order shear deformation theory allows a very accurate prediction of the natural frequencies. The precision and reliability of the proposed method are verified by the results of literature. Moreover, a wide parametric study concerning the effect of some influential parameters, such as the geometrical parameters, porosity distribution, circumferential wave numbers, GPLs dispersion as well as boundary restraint conditions on free vibration response of FGP-GPL truncated conical shell is also carried out and investigated in detail.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.83-88
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• 2003

The woodceramics are porous amorphous carbon and glassy carbon composite materials. Woodceramics attracted a lot of attention in recent years because they are environmentally friendly and because of their unique functional characteristics such as catalysis, moisture absorption, deodorization, purification, carrier for microbial activity, specific stiffness, corrosion and friction resistance, and their electromagnetic shielding capacity. In this paper, we made new products of clay-woodceramics to investigate the industrial analysis and ethylene gas adsorption for basic data of building- and packging- materials keeping fruit fresh for a long time. Clay-woodceramics were carbonized for 3 h of heating in a special furnace under a gas flow of nitrogen(15 ml/min.) from 3 layers-clay-woodparticleboard made from pallet waste wood, phenol- formaldehyde resin(hereafter PF, Non volatile content:52%, resin content 30%), and clay(10%, 20% and 30%). Carbonization temperature was 400℃, 600℃ and 800℃. Experimental results shows that the higher the carbonization temperature, the higher the fixed carbon and the lower the volatile contents. The higher the clay content, the more the ash content. The higher the carbonization temperature, the more the ethylene gas adsorption. Carbonization temperature of 800℃ gave the best reslts as same as that of white charcoal and activated carbon.(800℃-clay-woodceramic: 5.36 ppm, white charcoal: 5.66 ppm, activated carbon: 5.79 ppm) The clay contents did not make difference of ethylene gas adsoption.