• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제40권6호
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• pp.572-576
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• 2003

$UO_2$-20 wt% CeO$_2$ 소결 펠렛의 밀도에 따른 개/폐 기공도, 기공의 크기 및 그 분포 그리고 기공의 형태를 조사하였다. 이론 소결밀도 약 96% 이상에서는 기공도는 개기공이 거의 없는 폐기공으로 나타났다. 반면에 기공크기 분포는 소결밀도에 관계없이 bimodal 형태를 보이나, 소결밀도가 증가할수록 기공 개수만 적게 나타났다. 기공의 형태는 소결밀도가 증가할수록 불규칙한 형태에서 둥근 형태로 바뀌었다.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.317-336
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• 2013

In this study, the pore structure of Portland cement paste is experimentally characterized by MIP (mercury intrusion porosimetry) and nitrogen adsorption, and simulated by a newly developed status-oriented computer model. Cement pastes with w/c=0.3, 0.4 and 0.5 at ages from 1 day to 120 days are comprehensively investigated. It is found that MIP cannot generate valid pore size distribution curves for cement paste. Nevertheless, nitrogen adsorption can give much more realistic pore size distribution curves of small capillary pores, and these curves follow the same distribution mode. While, large capillary pores can be effectively characterized by the newly developed computer model, and the validity of this model has been proved by BSE imaging plus image analysis. Based on the experimental findings and numerical simulation, a hypothesis is proposed to explain the formation mechanism of the capillary pore system, and the realistic representation of the pore structure of hydrated cement paste is established.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.137-146
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• 1994

This experiments were focused on a modification of mechamical properties and structure in porous aluminum titanate ceramics by new additives which have been not researched yet. These were consisted of four kinds of additives i.e. Bi2O3, FeO, ZnO and NiO by addition amount of 1 wt% and 5 wt% respectively. The addition of Bi2O3 retarded a degree of syntehsis of aluminum titanate and accelerated in FeO, ZnO, NiO additives. Also, the most effective accelerator in synthesis of alunium titanate was FeO. A additives for the most effective of modification of microstructure, sharp distribtion of pore size and mechanical proterties was on ZnO addition and showed the lowest average pore size and narrowed pore size distribution. In order to improve of microstructure and pore size distribution in porous aluminum titanate ceramics was desired the addition amount of 1 wt% compare to 5 wt%.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.57-62
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• 2009

N-Halamines are compounds which have covalent bonding between nitrogen and halogen. N-Halamine materials possess strong antimicrobial properties against wide spectrum of bacteria. The aim of this study is to prepare N-halamine membranes using m-aramid and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA). Surface characteristics using scanning electron microscope (SEM), pore size distribution, liquid permeability and mean pore size were measured to confirm feasibility as membrane. The results indicated that increased PYA portion up to 15% in the m-aramid/PVA blend resulted in improved pore size distribution, liquid permeability as well as mean pore size. Furthermore, antibacterial efficacy of the membranes after chlorination was confirmed and the results showed that bacteria in water were inactivated.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제60권4호
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• pp.557-563
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• 2022

극세 공극 직물의 알레르겐 투과율을 측정하기 위해서는 극세 공극 직물의 공극을 측정하는 편리하고 적절한 실험 장치의 연구 개발이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 중량 감소율을 측정하여 극세 공극 직물의 공극 크기를 측정하기 위한 간단하고 경제적인 실험 방범을 개발하였다. 또한, 개발된 미세 입자 투과 장치를 사용하여 다양한 직물의 공극 크기를 측정하여 알레르겐 차단 성능을 평가하였다. 본 연구에 의하면 극세 공극 직물의 공극의 크기는 중량 감소 비율을 측정함으로써 구할 수 있었다. 또한 중량 감소 비율의 값은 입자 투과 장치를 통과하는 흡입 압력이 작을수록, 흡입 시간이 길수록 큰 값을 나타났으며, 이 값으로부터 직선 삽입 방법을 통하여 실험 직물의 공극 크기를 측정 할 수 있었다. 개발된 실험 장치 및 방법은 집먼지 진드기 차단 침구에 사용되는 극세 공극 직물에 대하여 그 효과를 검증하는 품질 관리 방법의 실험 기준으로 사용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.49-55
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• 1991

AUC공정으로 제조된 $UO_2$분말을 사용하여 소결체를 제조하여 미세 조직과 기공특성에 대하여 시험하였다. 개기공은 소결밀도 증가에 따라서 감소하였으며, 소결밀도 10.45 g/㎤ 이상에서는 거의 소멸하였다. 3$\mu$m보다 작은 크기의 둥근 기공이 모든 밀도에서 나타났고 낮은 밀도에서는 이것외에도 긴 기공이 관찰되었다. 같은 크기의 기공일지라도 밀도가 낮아지면 기공이 더욱 길게 나타났다. 기공크기에 따른 기공 면적의 분포는 mono 모우드이고, 2~3$\mu$m 기공크기에서 최대치를 보이는 분포를 보였다. 또한 밀도가 감소할수록 큰 기공에 관련된 면적이 증가하였다.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.143-155
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• 2013

Four membranes were used to separate Chlorella sp. from their culture medium in cross-flow microfiltration (MF) experiments: cellulose acetate (CA), cellulose nitrate (CN), polypropylene (PP) and polyvinylidenefluoride (PVDF). It was found that the hydrophilic CA and CN membranes with a pore size of 1.2 ${\mu}m$ exhibited the best performances among all the membranes in terms of permeation flux. The hydrophobicity of each membrane material was determined by measuring the angle between the water (liquid) and membrane (solid). Contact angle measurements showed that deionized (DI) water had almost adsorbed onto the surfaces of the CA and CN membranes, which gave $0.00^{\circ}$ contact angle values. The PP and PVDF membranes were more hydrophobic, giving contact angle values of $95.97^{\circ}$ and $126.63^{\circ}$, respectively. Although the pure water flux increased with increasing pore diameter (0.8 < 1.2 < 3.0 ${\mu}m$) in hydrophilic CA and CN membranes, the best performance in term of filtration rate for filtering a microalgae suspension was attained by membranes with a pore size of 1.2 ${\mu}m$. The fouled membrane pore sizes and pore blocking were inspected using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). MF with large pore diameters was more sensitive to fouling that contributed to intermediate blocking, where the size of the membrane pores is almost equivalent to that of cells.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.254-262
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• 2003

Effect of the air distributor pore size for the removal of aquacultural waste, such as protein, total suspended solids (TSS), chemical oxygen demand (COD), turbidity and total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) from sea water was investigated by using foam separator. With the increase of pore size of air distributor, removal rates and efficiency of protein decreased. Removal rate by commercial air stone was in the range between the removal rates by G2 and G4 sintered glass discs. Within the range of pore size distributor from Gl to G4, the removal efficiency of protein were ranged from 21 to $42\%.$ The changes of removal rates and efficiencies of TSS, COD and turbidity were similar to proteins. TAN was removed by stripping. The pore size of air distributor for a higher overall oxygen mass transfer coefficient and saturation efficiency provided the condition for higher protein removal rate. Also the foam separator could be used as an aerator.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.381-388
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• 2000

Ceramic foam prepared with cordierite as a starting material by foam method was tested to evaluate the feasibility as a filter for the dust collection in hot gas. Two different types of agents Benzethonium chloride (BZTC, C27H42NO2Cl) and Sodium Lauryl Sulfate(SLS, CH3(CH2)11OSO3Na) were used as foaming agents in foaming process. Porosityof ceramic foam was about 80% and mean pore size were 100${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ for SLS agent and 200 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ for BZTC. It was observed that ceramic foam was composed of continuous macro-pore structure with opening windows interconnecting macro-pores. The surface of ceramic foam support of was coated with cordierite particles ranged from 20${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ to 50${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ Meso-pore size in the coating layer on ceramic foam was below 10${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$. While air permeability of the support increased with increasing macro-pore size coated ceramic filters showed a constant permeability without regard to the macro-pore size of the support. The permeabuilities of support varied in the range of 600$\times$10-13m2 to 1000$\times$10-13m2. For the case of coated ceramic filter it was about 200$\times$10-13m2. As a result of particle trapping test by using fly ash the particle removal efficiency was over the 99.9%.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.310-317
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• 2010

The electrochemical properties of electric double layer capacitor(EDLC) was studied by controlling pore size distribution and specific surface area of the activated carbon fiber(ACF). The mesoporous ACF, which was prepared by the iron exchange method, showed the tendency of increasing average pore size and decreasing total surface area. The mesoporous ACF (surface area = 2225 $m^2$/g, pore size=1.93 nm) showed increased mesopore(pore size=1~3nm) volume from 0.055 cc/g to 0.408 cc/g compared to its raw ACF. The charging capacity of the EDLC which uses the prepared mesoporous ACF also increased from 0.39 F/$cm^2$ to 0.55 F/$cm^2$. From these results, it can be known that the electrochemical properties of EDLC are mainly dependent on the specific surface area, but above the surface area 2200 $m^2$/g, it is the mesopore volume that affects the performance of the capacitor considerably. Because the increased mesopore volume results in a decreased ion mobility resistance, the charge capacitance is enhanced.