• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.408-417
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• 2023

This study aimed to investigate the effects of an aquaponics system utilizing catfish recirculating water on the growth and water quality in lettuce and chicory cultivation. After 60 d of catfish cultivation in the BFT-AP, the survival rate was 96.0% and average weight gain was 178.5 g. The WGR grew by 241.4% and the SGR was 3.0%. A comparison between lettuce and chicory cultivation using BFT-AP and hydroponics revealed significant increases in shoot height, leaf count per week, and biomass of the cultivated lettuce and chicory. The SPAD values also increased significantly by 15.4-43.3%. Water quality analysis of the BFT-AP systems and crop cultivation beds showed significant differences, except for K and Na. The average NO₃^- concentration in the sediment pond was significantly higher at 45.3±1.0. Comparison of water temperature, pH, EC, DO, and ORP in the BFT-AP system and crop cultivation beds revealed similar monthly water temperatures from July to September. The pH in the catfish culture pond was 0.3-1.2 lower than that in the crop cultivation beds, and the EC was approximately 0.01- 0.03 dS/m lower in the catfish culture pond than the crop cultivation beds. The monthly average ORP in the catfish culture bed steadily increased to 479.9 mV in October. Bacillus velezensis (AFB2-2) and Chlorella fusca (CF) were applied to the biological activation bed; the population density of CF showed a continuous increase, whereas that of AFB2-2 decreased after 15 d and gradually increased thereafter. Thus, the application of the recirculating aquaponics cultivation technology with catfish (BFT) enhances catfish cultivation and promotes the growth of lettuce and chicory. Therefore, it is considered suitable for the environment-friendly cultivation of lettuce and chicory.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.43-50
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• 2005

습지는 생산성이 높고, 오염물질의 제거능력이 뛰어난 생태계로 이를 이용한 수질정화 방법에 대한 연구가 국내외에서 활발히 진행되고 있다. 습지의 영양염류 제거는 유기물의 침전 흡착등의 물리적 기작, 수중 이온물질과의 결합 침전되는 화학적 기작, 식물의 흡수, 미생물에 의한 영양염류의 전환 등의 생물학적 기작의 복합적 반응으로, 물리, 화학, 생물학적 기작이 동시에 고려되어야 한다. 본 실험은 서로 다른 형태인 소택지형습지와 연못형 습지의 수질정화효과를 비교, 확인하여 영양염류 제거에 효과적인 습지의 형태와 조건을 제시하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 실험결과, 소택지형과 연못형 습지는 호기조건과 혐기조건이 모두 상층부와 하층부로 구분도어 나타나 소택지형과 연못형 습지 모두 에서 호기성 유기물 분해과정과 탈질과정이 진행되었을 것으로 예상된다. 질산성 질소의 제거효율은 소택지와 연못형 습지에서 모두 97%, 94% 로 나타났으며, 인산염인의 제거효율도 95% 이상 높게 나타나, 습지 형태에 따른 수질정화 효과는 습지 형태간 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았다.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.192-199
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• 2012

미세조류는 광합성을 통하여 바이오디젤과 같은 부가가치상품을 생산할 수 있으며, 미세조류를 이용한 생명공학 기술이 주목 받고 있다. 그러나 질소원과 탄소원은 미세조류 배양 비용을 높여 충분한 바이오매스 생산에 제한요소가 되고 있다. 미세조류를 배양하는데 도시하수를 이용하는 것은 생산단가를 낮추는 좋은 대안이 될 수 있으며, 본 연구에서는 옥외 수질정화 배양 시스템(mini raceway open pond)을 이용하여 적용했다. 실험에 사용한 도시하수는 하수종말처리장의 1차 침전지를 거친 유입수를 이용하였으며, 토착 미세조류를 mini raceway open pond에서 배양하였다. 체류시간 6일의 운전 후 TN, TP, COD-$_{Mn}$, $NH_3$-N의 평균 제거 효율은 80.18%, 63.56%, 76.34%, 96.74%로 각각 나타났다. 18S rRNA gene 분석결과 녹조류인 Chlorella, Scenedesmus가 우점하였으며, 16S rRNA gene 분석결과 Rhodobacter, Luteimonas, Agrobacterium, Thauera, Porphyrobacte의 5종의 bacteria가 동정되었다. 이러한 결과를 통하여 미세조류를 이용한 호기성 처리나 과도한 발전비용 없이 효과적인 하수처리를 할 수 있는 가능성을 확인하였다. 그리고 도시하수는 미세조류 배양에 필요한 탄소원과 질소원을 제공할 수 있으며 미세조류 바이오매스는 상업적 목적으로 이용될 수 있는 가능성을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.313-318
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• 2014

최근 지구온난화문제와 화석연료 자원의 부족문제로 인해 지속적이고 친환경적인 미세조류 기반 바이오디젤이 주목받고 있다. 본 연구에서는 돈분 액체비료와 농업용 복합비료가 바이오 디젤 생산을 위한 미세조류 영양원으로 활용될 가능성을 확인해 보았다. 혼합 미세조류 CSS (Chlorella spp., Scenedesmus spp., Stigeoclonium spp.) 배양을 위한 영양원은 돈분 액체비료, 돈분 액체비료와 농업용 복합비료의 혼합, 농업용 복합비료이며, 28일간 Small Scale Raceway Pond (SSRP)에서 옥외배양하였다. 그 결과 혼합 실험구의 바이오매스와 지질 생산성은 각각 0.8g/L, 5.8 mg/L/day로 가장 우수한 바이오매스량과 지질 생산성을 보여주었다. 이 연구를 통해 농업용 복합비료와 돈분 액체비료의 혼합액이 미세조류에 안정적인 영양 공급을 하는 영양원으로 활용될 가능성을 확인하였다. 또한, 미세조류 배양단가와 바이오디젤 생산단가를 낮출 가능성도 탐구하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture International Edition
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• 제2호
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• pp.25-31
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• 2004

Newly revised Urban Park Act and Land Planning Law are evaluated. Through exploring their functions and limits. Critical guidelines for Green Space Preservation and Planning Law are suggestec. The following is the summary of the findings: 1. New urban and regina! planning system has the foundation for green space plannig expressed as environmental planning, green space planning, landscape planning and park planning. 2. New Urban park act broadens and diversifies the range of urban park and green space(eg, stream and river, road, detention pond etc.) 3. The Urban Natural park items are removed because of long tenn unconstructed urban facilities and the new concept of 'Urban Park Zone' are inserted. And Green Space Preservation District and Urban Greening District's were introduced. And system of Contract of green space utilization and Agreement of Greening were adapted. 4. There exists new emerging needs for establishment of comprehensive green space preservation and planning law. 5. And the green space system can be classified to preservation system, recreation system and scenery system .. 6. The types of proposed green space planning are regional green space plg. urban green space plg, and district unit green space plg.

• 자원리싸이클링
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• 제7권5호
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• pp.3-12
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• 1998

The most recent research in precious metal processing is found in the increasing use of heap leaching for the extraction of gold from low grade ores and tailing dumps because heap leaching has several advantages compared to traditional milling. They include simplicity, lower capital and operating costs, faster starter-up time and environmental safety. In this paper, an attempt has been made to provide an overview of important factors involved in the implementation of heap leaching technology as a vehicle for gold extraction from its low grade ores. Brief discussions of the various important elements to this process has been made to ascertain the heap leaching characteristics, such as heap leaching chemistry, natural factors, ore preparation, heap and pad construction, solution collection system, pond system, metal extraction, and economical consideration.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.51-62
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• 2023

Gyeongbokgungdo depicts the composition and layout of Gyeongbokgung Palace before the Japanese Invasion of Korea in 1592, as well as a monument related to pro-jamrye held at the site of Gyeongbokgung Palace in Yeongjo. Based on literature such as Dongguk Yeoji Seungram, such as Gyeongbokgungdo painted major buildings, government offices, and buildings in the backyard. In addition, the literature and the foot of the mountain, waterway, and Pond, which were identified as the site identified during the reconstruction process, are reflected, and some of the Gyeongbokgungdo contain reconstruction records. As such, Gyeongbokgungdo depicts Gyeongbokgung Palace in the early Joseon Dynasty and facilities built after the Imjin War based on the literature, and seems to have been produced around the time of reconstruction as it reflects the mountain and water system. In addition, the layout of the main hall of Gyeongbokgungdo was partially reflected in the reconstructed Gyeongbokgung Palace and used as a material to understand the layout of Gyeongbokgung Palace in the early Joseon Dynasty.

• 한국지열·수열에너지학회논문집
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.43-52
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• 2018

This paper presents the cooling performance analysis results of a ground-source heat pump (GSHP) system using hybrid ground heat exchanger (HGHE). In this paper, the HGHE refers to the ground heat exchanger (GHE) using both a vertical GHE and a surface water heat exchanger (SWHE). In order to evaluate the system performance, we installed monitoring sensors for measuring temperatures and power consumption, and then measured operation data with 4 different load burdened ratios of the hybrid GHE, Mode 1~Mode 4. The measurement results show that the system with HGHE mainly operates in Mode 1 and Mode 2 over the entire measurement period. The average cooling coefficient of performance (COP) for heat pump unit was 5.18, while the system was 2.79. In steady state, the heat pump COP was slightly decreased with an increase of entering source temperature. In addition, the parallel use of SWHE and VGHE was beneficial to the system performance; however, further research are needed to optimize the design data for various load ratios of the HGHE.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.179-187
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• 2002

유기물이 함유된 공업용 폐수(2차처리수)의 수질을 정화하기 위해 2000년 7～10월에 친환경적인 방법인 식물정화조를 조성하여 하천의 수질 및 지하수를 보전하고 공업단지내에서 생물서식공간과 휴게공간을 제공하고자 본 실험을 진행하였다 식물정화조의 크기는 10m$\times$6m(상부면)로 1일 처리용량은 2.5㎥였다. 폐수는 1일 4회, 6시간 간격으로 0.625㎥씩 나누어 처리하였다. 처리효율을 높이기 위해 수직흐름방식을 채택하였고, 배수층은 모래와 자갈을 2:1의 비율로 혼합하여 깊이 1.0m로 조성하였다. 식물정화조 내에는 갈대, 부들, 골풀, 노랑꽃창포 등의 다년생 정수식물을 20본/㎥ 식재하였다. 처리수 재활용 차원에서 생물종다양성을 증진시키는 자연형 연못을 조성하였으며, 이를 환경교육장으로 활용하기 위해 관찰데크, 안내해설판 등을 도입하였다. 실험결과 BOD$_{5}$, COD, T-N, T-P 등의 제거에 상당한 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났고, 생태계 모니터링 결과, 생물서식공간(비오톱)으로서의 기능이 점진적으로 향상되고 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.129-144
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• 2012

This study was conducted to understand the community characteristics of benthic macroinvertebrates according to Growth Environment at 6 Palustrine Wetlands in a rural area. As growth environment factors, size, water depth, water inlet and water outlet, land-use and water environment was analyzed. Two years' quantitative collection of benthic macroinvertebrate was carried out, and it executed community analysis and ESB index calculation and also carried out twinspan, MDS and correlation analysis. As a result, the collected benthic macroinvertebrate was 1254 individuals with 3 Phylums, 6 Classes, 14 Orders, 35 Families, 52 Genera and 61 Species. Odonata and Coenagreionidae had the highest species and individuals. Dominance Index was 0.252~0.698, Diversity Index was 1.661~2.902, Evenness Index was 0.414~0.724, and Species Richness Index was 1.990~6.224. As a result of community analysis, when correlation analysis was executed, Dominance Index had the opposite tendency with Diversity Index and Evenness Index, which had the same tendency with the previous studies. When ESB Index was calculated, Grade 2 (polluted) had the highest species with 48 species (78.7%). It is determined from the Environmental quality evaluation and saprobity evaluation result according to ESB index that there is a need to revise environmental evaluation system more specifically. As a result of MDS analysis, the subject spots A and D had the highest similarity, and the subject spot E and D had a relatively high similarity. The life environment that is the closest related with species diversity is estimated by the land-use. As for number of Individual, it seems to have the closest relation with inlet, which is to be determined as a characteristics of Palustrine Wetland. Through such investigation, this study is expected to be utilized for various types of habitats including ecological pond and to be utilized for the increase of species diversity in rural areas.