• 한국가금학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.135-144
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• 1996

This study was carried out to clarify the genetic constitution of biochemical polymorphic loci controlling blood protein and enzymes as genetic rnarkers in Korean native chicken(KNG) population Blood samples were collected from 230 KNG representing three colored-lines(reddish-, yellowish- and blackish- brown) raised in Daejeon branch of National Livestock Research Institute. Eight blood marker loci, transferrin(Tf), post-albumin(Pas), albumin(Alb), amylase-1(Arny-1), es-terase-1(Es-1), alkaline phosphatase(Akp), catalase(Cat) and hemoglobin(Hh) were analyzed by using starch, agarose and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Based on the gene frequencies of polymorphic marker loci, the genetic characteristics of KNF population was analyzed, and the genetic ariability within population was quantified. The genetic relationships between KNC and other native fowls or improved breeds were also estimated. The gene frequencies of Tf, Pas and AIb loci were similar to those of improved breeds among the seven biochemical polymorphic loci, while gene frequencies of Cat and Es-i loci were remarkably different between KNC and improved breeds. Gene frequencies of amy-i and Akp loci were similar to those of New Hampshire and Rhode Island Red and White Leghorn, respectively. However in comparison with other improved breeds, great differences were observed in gene frequencies of these loci The average heterozygosity, effective number of alleles and homogeneity index for the seven loci combined were estimated to be .334, 1.639 and .373, respectively. Based on the dendrogram and genetic distances, the KNC was genetically closer to New Hampshire, Plymouth Rock and Rhode Island Red breeds than to the White Leghorn breed.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.283-297
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• 2021

Investigation of genetic diversity and molecular characterization in high yielding rice varieties is important for their identification. The experiment was conducted during 2016 - 2017 to analyse the genetic diversity of fifteen high yielding rice varieties in Bangladesh by using random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Polymorphism was revealed in 12 RAPD primers out of 30, whereas no other reaction was detected on the remaining 18 primers. The 40 out of 45 bands (88.89%) polymorphics were produced by the primers and ranged from 50 to 100%. The maximum number of polymorphic bands was produced by the primer OPB-18 whereas the lowest number of polymorphic bands belonged to OPC-12. The genetic similarity coefficients were determined with the RAPD data, which ranged from 0.47 to 0.94. The unweighted paired group of arithmetic means (UPGMA) dendrogram presented the studied rice varieties into two major clusters. Moreover, the value of Nei's genetic diversity is 0.26 and the Shanon information index is 0.41. The study produced distinct positions, suggesting that the genotypes were different from each other. The results indicated that these markers could be efficient for comparing the genetic relationships, patterns of variation, and measurement of genetic distance among rice varieties. Considering all of these results, RAPD analysis is found to be an effective tool for estimating the genetic diversity of different rice varieties. The outcomes of this research may contribute to the germplasm data of rice accessions and a future breeding program of rice genotypes.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.205-210
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• 2013

Cicuta virosa L. (Apiaceae) is a perennial emergent plant designated as an endangered species in South Korea. According to the former records, only four natural habitats remain in South Korea. A former study suggested that three of four populations (Pyeongchang: PC, Hoengseong: HS, Gunsan: GS) would be classified as different ecotypes based on their different morphological characteristics and life cycle under different environmental conditions. To evaluate this suggestion, we estimated genetic diversity in each population and distance among three populations by random amplification of polymorphic DNA. Seven random primers generated a total of 61 different banding positions, 36 (59%) of them were polymorphic. Nei's gene diversity and the Shannon diversity index increased in the order of PC < HS < GS, which is the same order of population size. In the two-dimensional (2D) plot of first two principal components in principal component analysis with the presence of 61 loci, individuals could be grouped as three populations easily (proportion of variance = 0.6125). Nei's genetic distance for the three populations showed the same tendency with the geographical distance within three populations. And it is also similar to the result of discriminant analysis with the morphological or life-cycle factors from the previous study. From the results, we concluded that three different populations of C. virosa should be classified as ecotypes based on not only morphology and phenology but genetic differences in terms of diversity and distance as well.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.157-165
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• 2002

Genetic variations of seven egg white protein loci in 1,112 samples from eight Asian countries (Yunnan province of China, Mongolia, Nepal, Vietnam, Laos, Thailand, Myanmar, Indonesia) and 360 samples from two improved breeds (Isa Brown, Boris Brown) were investigated by using starch gel and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Five egg white protein loci (Ov, $G_3$, $G_2$, $G_1$ and $Tf_{EW}$) were found to be polymorphic in Asian native chicken populations. The proportion of polymorphic loci ($P_{poly}$) and average heterozygosity ($\bar{H}$) of Asian native populations varied from 0.143 to 0.714 and 0.014 to 0.225, respectively, and were higher than those of improved breeds. The subdivision index ($G_{ST}$) value among 18 native chicken populations in Asia is lower (0.0827) than among improved chicken populations (0.1693). This value means that the degree of subdivision among Asian native populations is lower than among improved breeds and gene constitutions among populations in Asia are similar.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제27권12호
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• pp.1270-1274
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• 2004

Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis was used to determine the genetic relationships among seventeen species of the Acanthopanax species. The DNA isolated from the leaves of the samples was used as template in polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with twenty random decamer primers in order to distinguish plant subspecies at the level of their genomes. The RAPD patterns were compared by calculating pairwise distances using Dice similarity index, and produced to the genetic similarity dendrogram by unweighted pair-group method arithmetic averaged (UPGMA) analysis, showing three groups; a major cluster(twelve species), minor cluster (4 species) and single-clustering species. The results of RAPD were compatible with the morphological classification, as well as the chemotaxonomic classification of the Acanthopanax species. The Acanthopanax species containing 3,4-seco-lupane type triterpene compounds in their leaves corresponded to the major cluster, another species having oleanane or normal lupane type constituents to minor clusters, and one species not containing triterpenoidal compound to single-cluster.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.683-692
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• 2010

Morphologically, nine different slow-growing protoclones were screened from regenerated protoplasts of heterokaryotic Agaricus bisporus. As such, the present study is the first report on differentiating homo- and heterokaryotic protoclones using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. Among 80 primers tested, the seven ISSR and seven RAPD primers selected for the analysis generated a total of 94 ISSR and 52 RAPD fragments, respectively. The ISSR fingerprinting also detected more polymorphic loci (38.29%) than the RAPD fingerprinting (34.61%). A principal coordinate analysis (PCA) was employed to evaluate the resolving power of the markers as regards differentiating protoclones. As a result, the mean polymorphism information content (PIC) for each marker system (i.e., 0.787 for RAPD and 0.916 for ISSR) suggested that ISSR is more effective for determining polymorphisms. The dendrograms constructed using RAPD, ISSR, and an integrated RAPD and ISSR marker system were highly correlated with one another as revealed by a high Mantel correlation (r= 0.98). The pairwise similarity index values also ranged from 0.64 to 0.95 (RAPD), 0.67 to 0.98 (ISSR), and 0.67 to 0.98 (RAPD and ISSR), whereas the mean similarity index values of 0.82, 0.81, and 0.84 were obtained for the RAPD, ISSR, and combined data, respectively. As there was a good correspondence between the RAPD and ISSR similarity matrices, ISSR would appear to be an effective alternative to RAPD in the genetic diversity assessment and accurate differentiation of homo- and heterokaryotic protoclones of A. bisporus.

• 한국양식학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.196-200
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• 2008

한국 고유종이며 멸종위기에 처해 있는 어름치 Hemibarbus mylodon 3집단 (북한강, 남한강, 임진강)의 유전적 다양성 및 집단의 유전적 구조를 분석하기 위하여 AFLP분석을 실시하였다. 총 15 primer 쌍을 이용한 3집단의 AFLP 분석에서 795개의 bands가 생성되었으며, 집단 내 다형 band의 출현 빈도는 3개 집단에서 북한강 11.9%, 남한강 11.1%, 임진강 13.4%로 유사하게 나타났고, 평균 유사도는 96.6%로 나타났다. 평균 이형 접합율(0.033-0.040)과 유전적 다양도(0.036-0.043)는 매우 낮은 값을 보였다. 3개의 집단의 Pairwise distance 및 pairwise fixation index 역시 매우 낮은 값을 나타내어 본 연구에서 분석한 어름치 3개 집단은 유전적으로 매우 밀접한 근연관계를 나타내었다. 이러한 결과는 추후 본 종의 복원 및 관리에 필요한 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.189-195
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• 2006

본 연구는 우리나라 특산수종이며 조경 및 원예적 가치가 높은 노각나무 유전변이를 조사하기 위해 6개 천연집단을 선발하여 DNA I-SSR 표지자를 사용, 유전다양성 및 유전구조를 조사하였다. 5개의 I-SSR primer(#813, 815, 818, 820, 823)에서 총 61개의 증폭산물을 관찰할 수 있었으며, 유전 다양성을 나타내는 P(Percentage of polymorphic loci)값과S.I.(Shannon's information Index)가 남쪽에 분포하는 오봉산(P=88.5%, S.I.=0.467), 금산(P=86.9%, S.I.=0.427), 바랑산(P=83.6%, S.I.=0.425)집단이 높았으며, 북쪽(내륙)에 분포하는 소백산(P=80.3%, S.I.=0.396), 지리산(P=77.1%, S.I.=0.368), 가야산(P=75.4%, S.I.=0.358)집단은 낮았다. 전체 유전변이 중 11.8%만이 집단간에 기인하는 것으로 나타났고, 나머지 88.2%는 집단내 개체간의 차이에서 기인하였다. 유전거리를 이용하여 UPGMA법에 의한 유집분석을 실시한 결과 지리적 분포에 대한 뚜렷한 경향은 나타나지 않았다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.341-348
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• 1995

가시아메바 속(Accnthamoeba spp.)의 DNA 염기 구성 정보와 관계없이 임의의 10개의 엽기로 구성된 프라이머를 사용하여 random amplified polymorphic DNA-polymerase chain reaction(RAPD-PCR)에 의해 게놈 상의 DNA를 무작위로 증폭하여 확인된 표지자로써 한국 분리주 및 외국 분리주와 기존의 알려진 4개 가시아메바 종간의 유전적 근연관계 분석을 통해서 4개 한국 분리주의 분류상의 성상을 규명하였다. 본 연구에서 A. culbertsoni, A. hokchetti, A. triangularis, A. pokphrwc와 한국 분리주인 YM-2 YM-3, YM-4 YM-5 그리고 외국 분리주인 HOV의 게놈 DNA는 18 종류의 프라이머에 의하여 다양한 양상의 증폭산물을 보였으며 그 중 9개 프라이머는 한국 분리쿠간에도 특이성을 보이는 RAPD 표지자를 제공하였다. 총 18개의 프라이머에 대한 증폭 산물을 대상으로 각 시료의 유사도를 조사한 결과, A. culbertsoni는 A. hakhetti, A. triangularis, A. polyphuga와 유사도가 각각 0.300, 0.308, 0.313이었고, A hqkchetti와 A. triangularis간의 유사도는 0.838이었다. 한국 분리주 YM-2, -3, -4 간의 평균 유사도는 0.959이었고, YM-2, -3, -4 와 A. hotchetti, A. triangularis 간의 평균 유사도는 0.832이었다. 한국 분리주 YM-5는 YM-2, -3 -4 간의 비교에서 평균 0.237의 유사도를 보인 반면, A. culbersoni와 유사도 0.857을 보여, 다른 한국 분리주보다 A. culbertsoni와 유전적으로 유사함을 알 수 있었다. UPGMA법에 의한 유전적 근 연관계 분석 결과 phonogram 강에 두개의 분지군이 존재하는데, A. hakchetti, A. triangularis 및 3개 한국 분리주(YM-2, -3 -4)가 하나의 분지군을, A. cuzburtsoni, A. polyphaga HOV주, 및 YM-5가 따른 분지군을 형성하는 것으로 나타났다 게놈 DNA 상의 변이에 근거하여 볼 때, YM-5 주늘 유전적으로 A. culbertsoni와 거의 유사한 분리주이며 한국 분리주는 최소 2종 이상의 가시아메바로 분류할 수 있다고 사료된다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2000

재배되고 있는 22 페칸종간의 RAPD분석을 한 결과, Agarose gel상에서 primer당 평균 6개의 DNA단편이 증폭되었다. 증폭된 DNA 단편의 크기 는 100bp에서 1500bp의 범위에 위치하였다. 페칸종간의 유연 관계를 분석하기에 적합한 primer를 선발한 결과 OPA-02, OPA-10, OPA-12, OPB-01이 최적이었다. 4종의 primer를 이용하여 증폭한 PCR산물을 1.5% Agarose gel상에 분획하여 단편의 종류를 분석한 결과 22의 페칸종은 5개의 그룹으로 구분 할 수 있었다. 40종 primer로부터 증폭된 466 DNA단편을 기초로하여 유전적 근연계수를 계산하였던 결과 유사도 값이 가장큰 것은 C. flacra와 Black walnut로 0.90를 나타났으며, Kiowa와 Red hickory, C. tomentosa, C. flacra, Black walnut간에는 유사도 값이 0.31로 가장 작았다. 선발된 4종의 primer를 이용하여 증폭시킨 PCR산물을 Polyacrylamide gel상에 분획한 후 검출된 DNA단편을 분석하였다. 유사도 값이 가장 큰 것은 그룹 V의 Red hickory, C. tomentosa, C. flacra, Black walnut간으로 1.0이었고, Farley와 Pawnee간과 Sturya와 Clarke간은 공히 0.98를 나타내었다. Polyacrylamide gel분획 후 은염색하여 단편을 검출하는 것은 Agarose gel에 비하여 시간, 기술, 경비가 요구되지만 보다 정확한 유전적 배경을 설명할 수 있다고 생각되었다. 또한 Agarose gel 분석, Polyacrylamide gel 분석 및 주성분 분석법에서 Farley, C. tomentosa, C. flacra, Black walnut, C. corpiformis만이 동일 그룹에서 이탈되지 않았다.