• Title/Summary/Keyword: Polyamine

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Effects of Polyamine on the Self-splicing Inhibition of Group I Intron by Spectinomycin (Polyamine이 Spectinomycin에 의한 Group I Intron의 Splicing 억제에 미치는 영향)

  • Park, In-Kook
    • Korean Journal of Microbiology
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    • v.35 no.4
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    • pp.253-257
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    • 1999
  • Effects of polyamines such as cadaverine, putrescine, spermidine and spermine on the self-splicig inhibition of the T4 phage thymidylate synthase(td) intron by spectinomycin have been investrigated. Without polyamine 7mM spectinomycin caused 40% reduction of the splicing rate. Cadaverine reduced the splicing rate over the concentrations of 0.1 to 5 mM. Putrescine at 0.5 mM increased the splicing rate by 13%. Spermidine at 0.5 mM enhanced the splicing rate by 11% while spermine at 0.01 mM enhanced the splicing rate by 16%. Of the all polyamines tested, spermine exhibited the maximum activation effect to counteract the splicing inhibition by spectinomycin. This effect appears to be due to the role of polyamine in stabilizing the conformation of td intron ribozyme essential for the catalytic function.

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Effects of Polyamines on Adventitious Shoot Regeneration from Populus Leaf Segments (포플라 잎절편의 부정아 분화에 미치는 Polyamine의 영향)

  • 김성호
    • Journal of Plant Biology
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    • v.35 no.1
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    • pp.17-23
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    • 1992
  • Effects of polyamines and their biosynthetic inhibitors on adventitions shoot regeneration of Populus leaf segments were investigated. Polyamine inhibitors such as difluoromethyl arginine (DFMA), difluoromethyl ornithine (DFMO), and dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) decreased the fresh weight of cultured leaf segment and the rate of adventitious shoot regeneration. The inhibitory effects of DCHA were stronger than any other oplyamine inhibitors, and the rest were in the order of DFMO and DFMA. The inhibitory effects of these inhibitors were lessened or disappeared by the addition of polyamines, among which spermidine was the highest in its effect. Therefore, it is suggested that the spermidine may be related to the adventitious shoot regeneration of Populus leaf segments.gments.

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Effect of Polyamine Biosynthesis InhibItion on the Microbicidai and Jumoriddal Activities in Mouse Macrophage (생쥐 대식세포의 감염균 치사활성과 종양 치사활성에 미치는 Polyamine 생합성 억제의 영향)

  • 이준백;정노팔
    • The Korean Journal of Zoology
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    • v.34 no.2
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    • pp.173-180
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    • 1991
  • The objective of this experiment was to examine the effect of polyamine depletion by polyamine biosynthesis inhibitors on microbicidal activity and tumoricidal activity in mouse mac-rophages. $\alpha$ -Difluoromethylomithine (DFMO), inhibitor of putrescine and spernidine biosynthesis, treatment in vivo for 6-8 days reduced chemiluminescence levels in thioglycollate-, lipo-polysaccharide (LPS), and BCG-treated mouse macrophages. An DFMO treatment in vitro inhibited production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF), in dose-dependent manner, and tumoricidal activity by macrophages. The effect of polyamine depletion by MO on ThF production and tumoricidal activity could be reversed by the addition of exogenous putrescine. These result indicated that the obserbed effect of DFMO on macrophage activities were mediated through inhibition of polyamines are, must be, required for optimal activities of macrophages.

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Effects of Phytohormones and Light on Polyamine Content and Arginine Decarboxylace Activity in Ginseng (식물호르몬과 광이 인삼의 Polyamine 함량과 Arginine decarboxylase 활성도에 미치는 영향)

  • 조병구;조영동
    • Journal of Ginseng Research
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    • v.13 no.2
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    • pp.229-233
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    • 1989
  • The effect of some phytohormones and light on the growth, ADC activity and polyamine content in ginseng was studies. In seedlings, the growth, ADC activity and putrescine content were in creased by Ghs treatment. ADC activity ann putrescine content were slightly slightly derreased by ABA, but not changed by kinetin. Light treatment increased ADC activity and putrescine content greatly. In two year ginseng leaves treated by GA3, the ADC actin$.$its reached maximum and the spermidine content reached maximum 2 days faster than in the control. Thtse results suggest the possibility that these regulators are closely related to growth and polyamine cotent. UeVo'ordsEPanaxgineng C.A. Meyer, Polyamine, Putrescine spermidine, arginine decarboxylose, GA3 kiiletin , ABA.

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Polyamines in methylobacterium extorquens AM1 grown on different energy sources (상이한 에너지원을 이용하여 성장한 methylobacterium extorquens AM1내의 폴리아민)

  • 엄치용;이순희;김영민
    • Korean Journal of Microbiology
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    • v.28 no.4
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    • pp.290-296
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    • 1990
  • Putrescine, spermidine, and spermine were found to persent in Methylobacterium extorquens AM1 growing on methanol, succinate, glucose, or nutrient broth as an energy source. Spermidine was found to be a major polyamine in cells growing on methanol or succinate, while putrescine to be the one in nutrient broth-grown cells. The overall content of polyamines in cells growing on glucose was less than that in cells growing on other substrates. Spermine was the most abundant polyamine in glucose-grown cells. Accumulation of polyamines in M. extorquens AM1 was maximal at the mid-exponential or early stationary phase during growth on each substrate. The effect of polyamines added into the medium on the polyamine composition in M. extorquens AM1 was variable. Each polyamine added into the nutrient broth medium was found to increase the amount of the respective polyamine in the cell. Exogeneously added polyamines had no effect on the growth of M. extorquens AM1.

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Cell Biological Studies on Growth and Development Effect of polyamine and $Ca^{2+}$ on D-glucose-6-phosphate cyclohydrolase activity in carrot root protoplast (생체생장에 관한 세포생물학적 연구 당근 뿌리의 원형질체에서 D-glucose-6-phosphate cyclohydrolase 활성도에 미치는 polyamine과 $Ca^{2+}$의 영향)

  • 이순희
    • Journal of Plant Biology
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    • v.30 no.4
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    • pp.249-255
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    • 1987
  • The effect of polyamine and Ca2+ on D-glucose-6-phosphate cyclohydrolase activity was studied in Daucus carota root. The enzyme activity was reduced in response to increase in concentration of Ca2+, not the Ca2+-calmodulin complex. The inhibition effect due to Ca2+ was reversed by polyamine, especially remarkable at low concentration of Ca2+. The effect of the Ca2+ on the enzyme seemed to compete with polyamine according to the Lineweaver-Burk plot. The enzyme activity from carrot root protoplast cultured in the prescence of verapamil was higher than that of the control. Such cumulative results suggest that the inhibition by the Ca2+ and enhancement or reversal by polyamine could regulate the biosynthesis of pectin and hemicellulose to some extent.

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Studies on Growth and Differentiation of Suspension-Cultured Carrot Cells I. Alterations in Peroxidase Activity, Polyamine Content and Ethylene Production during Somatic Embryogenesis (당근 현탁 배양세포의 생장과 분화에 관한 연구 I. 배형성 과정에서 Peroxidase 활성, Polyamine 함량 및 Ethylene 성성의 변화)

  • 김응식
    • Journal of Plant Biology
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    • v.33 no.4
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    • pp.259-269
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    • 1990
  • Changes of peroxidase activity, polyamine content and ethylene production during somatic embryogenesis in suspension-cultured carrot (Daucus carota L.) cells were investigated. As compared with nonembyrogenic cells and their medium, embryogenic cells and their medium were characterized by higher levels of peroxidase at all times of culture period. Peroxidase in embryogenic cells showed higher oxidation activity of IAA than in nonembryogenic cells at the torpedo stage, but the IAA oxidation activity of peroxidase released into embryogenic medium was lower than that of peroxidase released into nonembryogenic medium. Peroxidase patterns of embryogenic and nonembryogenic cells showed three cathodic bands, and one anodic band, while peroxidase patterns released into embryogenic and nonembryogenic media did not show any anodic bands and the isoelectric points of cathodic peroxidase were pH 7.7, 7.5 and 6.6. Compared with nonembryogenic cells, polyamine content in embryogenic cells was increased by 15% at the torpedo stage, but polyamine ratio was constant, and ethylene production was extremely low at all times of culture period. Therefore, it is suggested that the peroxidase in embryogenic cells is correlated with embryogenesis by regulating hormone ratios through IAA oxidation, while the peroxidase isozyme patterns may be used as a biochemical marker of embryogenesis. The increase of polyamine content and the decrease of ethylene production suggest an interaction between polyamine and ethlyene during embryogenesis.

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Polyamine Biosynthesis in Red Pepper and Chinese Cabbage by the Application of Liquid Pig Manure (돈분뇨 액비시용에 의한 고추 및 배추의 polyamine 생합성)

  • Hwang, Seon-Woong;Sung, Jwa-Kyung;Kang, Bo-Ku;Lee, Choon-Soo;Yun, Seung-Gil;Kim, Tae-Wan;Eom, Ki-Cheol
    • Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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    • v.37 no.3
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    • pp.171-176
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    • 2004
  • To investigate the availability of nitrogen decomposed and released from liquid pig manure (LPM), this experiment was performed with red pepper (Capsicum annuum L., cv. Hanbando), and Chinese cabbage (Brassioa campestris L., cv. Konaenggiyeureumbaechoo) in 2001. Based on the total nitrogen of chemical fertilizer, both red pepper and chinese cabbage were treated with three and four applications of LPM, respectively. Yield of red fruits in the red pepper was increased by an enhancement of LPM application. However, that of chinese cabbage was enhanced with a reducing supply of LPM. Biosynthesis of polyamine in both crops such as red pepper and chinese cabbage was large in the early growth stage and was not increased by LPM application. The high biosynthesis of bound polyamine, monoamine and diamine, in the early growth stage was changed in an increase of conjugated polyamine and polyamine with a process of crop growth. Inorganic components in the leaf of red pepper by LPM application were equal or slightly lower than in chemical fertilizer, however, from the middle growth stage, contents of phosphate and potassium were increased. Those of chinese cabbage were slightly decreased from the early growth stage to the late. Considering this experiment, the thoughtless supply of LPM has not resulted in certain crop damages, and an application of LPM to increase a yield was different from crop species at some extent.

Influences of Hydrocortisone, DHEA, Estradiol and Testosterone on the Hepatic and Intestinal Polyamine Metabolism of Castrated Mice (Hydrocortisone, DHEA, Estradiol 및 Testosterone에 의하여 나타나는 마우스-간 및 소장 Polyamine 대사의 변동에 관한 연구)

  • Choi, Sang-Hyun;Chun, Boe-Gwun;Kim, Nam-Hun;Chun, Yeon-Sook
    • The Korean Journal of Pharmacology
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    • v.26 no.1
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    • pp.67-76
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    • 1990
  • Hydrocortisone 50 mg/kg (HC), dehydroepiandrosterone 250 mg/kg (DHEA), ${\beta}-estradiol$ 5 mg/kg (E2), and testosterone 20 mg/kg (TS) were subcutaneously injected into the castrated ICR mice at noon for four days, and the animals were sacrificed at 10-12 A.M. of the fifth day. The intestinal DAO activity was significantly decreased by HC, but it was rather increased by E2 and TS, respectively. And DHEA did not change the DAO activity. But the hepatic MAO activity was not affected by anyone of HC, DHEA, E2, and TS. Aminoguanidine 25 mg/kg produced the marked decrease of the intestinal DAO activity and the significant increases of the intestinal PT and SD contents, but it did not change the hepatic polyamine contents. HC and DHEA induced the significant increase of the intestinal PT content. E2 induced the marked increase of the hepatic PT content and the moderate increase of the intestinal PT content. TS little affected the polyamine contents of the liver and intestine. These results suggest that the E2-induced increase of the hepatic PT content is rather ascribed to the greater enhancement of PT synthesis than the inhibition of polyamine catabolism, and that the HC-induced increase of the intestinal PT content is due partly to the inhibition of polyamine catabolism via DAO.

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Analysis of Polyamine Transport of Young Spring Radish Cotyledons (무우의 유자엽에서 Polyamine의 수송 분석)

  • Cho, Bong-Heuy
    • Analytical Science and Technology
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    • v.11 no.2
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    • pp.130-134
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    • 1998
  • Polyamines were analyzed in young cotyledons of spring radish. The uptake rate of SPD were transported within 20 min lineary and reached the saturation phase after 1hr. The uptake rate of SPD decreased gradually with the time by the increasing amount of SPD inside the cells. The uptake of PA depends on the external pH. The optimal pH of PA uptake are pH 7.5. $K_m-$ and $V_{max}-$values depend on external pH also. The uptake rate of PA was inhibited by external KCI, which depolarized membrane potential in the cells.

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