• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제65권4호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2023

As a result of climate change, non-point source pollution (NPS) from farmland with the steep slope during the rainy season is expected to have a significant impact on the water system. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of furrow mulching using alfalfa and PAM (Polyacrylamide) materials for each rainfall event, while considering the load characteristics of NPS. The study was conducted in Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, in 2022, with a testbed that had a slope of 13%, sandy loam soil, and maize crops. The testbed was composed of four plots: bare soil (Bare), No mulching (Cont.), Vegetation mulching (VM), and PAM mulching (PM). Runoff was collected from each rainfall event using a 1/40 sampler and the NPS load was calculated by measuring the concentrations of SS, T-N, T-P, and TOC. During farming season, the reduction efficiency of NPS load was 37.1~59.5% for VM and 38.2~75.7% for PM. The analysis found that VM had a linear regression correlation (R²=0.28~0.86, P-value=0.01~0.1) with elapsed time of application, while PM had a quadratic regression correlation (R²=0.35~0.80, P-value=0.1). These results suggest that the selection of furrow mulch materials and the appropriate application method play a crucial role in reducing non-point pollution in farmland. Therefore, further studies on the time-series reduction effect based on the application method are recommended to develop more effective preemptive reduction technologies.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제39권5호
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• pp.377-389
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• 2023

Chungcheongnam-do has been measuring the flow rate and water quality of streams in the province once a month since 2011 in order to water environment policies. Based on the results, after evaluating the coefficient of variation and the tendency of the water quality trend by using the Mann-Kendall test and Sen's Slope for each stream, the streams subject to priority introduction of Total Pollution Load Management at Tributaries were selected through the Stream Grouping Method. The water quality trend analysis results for 125 streams using the Mann-Kendall test and Sen's Slope were evaluated as streams showing a tendency of deteriorating water quality Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD): 13 streams, Total Phosphorus (T-P): 16 streams). Streams with deteriorating water quality were classified into A-D groups using the Stream Grouping Method. Group A, which has a high flow rate and high water quality, is a stream that requires priority management, and was selected as a stream for introduction of Total Pollution Load Management at Tributaries. There are 7 streams that need to be introduced into the BOD category, and there are 7 streams that need to be introduced into the T-P category. In this study, based on flow and water quality monitoring data accumulated over a long period of time (2011-2022), statistical techniques are used to select watersheds in which water quality is deteriorating. Accordingly, it is expected that it will be useful in establishing a water quality improvement plan in the future.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.598-607
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• 2010

One of constraints in the application of unit-load method to estimate non-point pollution loads in the total water pollutant load management system (TWPLMS) is the limited numbers of applicable unit-loads. Since only 7 unit-loads are currently available for total 28 land-use categories in the national land register data, each unit-loads inevitably have to represent several land-use categories regardless of their actual land coverage characteristics. As a way to minimize the problem, this study suggested a nested application of the available unit-loads based on the analysis of high resolution aerial images taken in the Kyeongan watershed. Statistical analysis of three selected land-use categories such as school, apartment complex, and golf course showed that there exit significant (95% confidence level) relationships between the registered land-uses and actual land coverages. The school and apartment complex currently considered as 100% ground have only 65% and 80% of ground characteristics, respectively. Golf course, which is considered as 100% pasture, has about 5% of ground area. This indicates that the unit-load method using in TWPLMS can give over estimated non-point pollutant loads for the school and apartment complex (19.8~54.4%) but under estimation for the golf course (80.9%).

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.523-530
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• 2013

This study has been carried out to clarify the characteristics of discharge and pollutant loading according to flow conditions at jiseok stream watershed (JSW). A flow rate and pollutant load in the study watershed were estimated by equation of stage-discharge and discharge-loads rating curve. By using the methods above, I've evaluated the water quality (WQ) of the JSW if it is satisfied with the standard target. I've collected the data of BOD and T-P from the JSW every 8 days for the duration of 12 months. And then, I've schematized the data upon the load duration curve and the results showed me that the WQ of JSW was satisfied with the standard target. I've also collected the same data every each day for the duration of 12 months from JSW and have schematized the data again. And the results showed that it also was satisfied with the standard target. To be concluded, I've determined that point pollution sources of JSW gives more significant impacts to the WQ than non-point pollution sources of JSW and hence, as time goes, point pollution sources will keep depriciating the WQ of JSW. Therefore, further efforts will be required to JSW to maintain the WQ.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.433-445
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• 2017

In recent years, the United States has used the Load Duration Curve (LDC) method to identify water pollution problems, considering the size of the pollutant load in the entire stream flow condition to effectively evaluate Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs). A study on the improvement of the target water quality evaluation method was carried out by comparing evaluations of two consecutive years of water quality and LDC data for 41 unit watersheds (14 main streams and 27 tributaries). As a result, the achievement rate of the target water quality evaluation method, according to current regulations, was 68-93%, and that by the LDC method was 82-93%. Evaluating the target water quality using the LDC method results in a reduction in the administrative burden and the total amount of planning as compared to the current method.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제64권3호
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• pp.33-43
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• 2022

South Korea's agricultural nitrogen balance and phosphorus balance rank first and second, respectively, among OECD countries, and proper nutrient management is required to preserve the water quality of rivers and lakes. This study evaluates the effects of furrow mulching on the reduction of non-point source pollution (NPS) load from a sloped upland. The study site was Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, and the survey period was from 2018 to 2019. The slope of the testbed was 13%, and the soil type was sandy loam. The cropping system consisted of maize-autumn Chinese cabbage rotation. The testbed was composed of bare soil (bare), control (Cont.), furrow vegetation mulching (FVM), and furrow nonwoven fabric mulching (FFM) plots. Runoff was collected for each rainfall event with a 1/100 sampler, and the NPS load was calculated by measuring the concentrations of SS, T-N, and T-P. The NPS load was then analyzed for the entire monitoring and crop cultivation periods. During the monitoring period, the effect of reducing the NPS load was 1.5%~44.5% for FVM and 13.1%~55.2% for FFM. During the crop cultivation period, it was 1.2%~80.5% for FVM and 27.0%~65.1% for FFM, indicating that FFM was more effective than FVM. As the NPS load was fairly high during the crop conversion period, an appropriate management method needs to be implemented during this period.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.89-99
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• 2012

본 연구는 GIS을 활용하여 마산만 특별관리해역 통합관리시스템의 일환으로 마산만의 점 비점오염원 관리시스템을 개발하여 마산만 연안오염총량관리 체제를 보다 체계적이고 과학적으로 이용할 수 있도록 시스템을 구축하였다. 마산만 유역의 오염원 관리에 GIS를 이용한 결과 각 행정구역별 오염원 현황 및 발생 오염부하량의 비교가 가능하였고, 오염부하 산정프로그램을 구축함으로써 배출원별 인구현황, 생활계 물사용량, COD/TN/TP 발생부하량과 배출부하량 등의 오염원 부하량을 행정구역별, 연도별, 용도별로 산정할 수 있었다. 또한 대용량의 속성, 공간자료를 활용함에 있어 시간적, 경제적 노력을 최소화함은 물론 체계적이고 효과적인 마산만 연안오염총량 관리가 가능하여 정책 수립 시 신속한 의사결정에 대한 기여도가 높을 것으로 예상된다. 이 연구결과를 바탕으로 과학적이고 효율적인 점 비점오염원에 관련된 정보와 이에 대한 체계적 관리를 도모하고// 부하량 산정프로그램을 이용하여 오염부하량 변화에 따른 향후 오염원 예측이 가능하도록 유역관리 시스템을 보완해야 할 것이다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제27권7호
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• pp.477-488
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• 2018

In this study, heavy metal levels at the sediment monitoring network site upstream of the Gangjeong-Goryeong weir in the Nakdong River were surveyed from 2012 to 2016. We assessed the sediment pollution level using various pollution indexes based on ICP-MS analysis. The stream sediment pollution assessment standard, established through Regulation No. 687 of the National Institute of Environmental Research (2015), pollution load index (PLI), potential ecological risk index (RI), and mean PEL Quotient (mPELQ) were used to evaluate the sediment pollution level. We verified the representativeness of the monitoring point through the distribution of sedimentation and scour behavior by river bed surveying using anacousticDopplercurrentprofiler.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.193-204
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• 2009

The study was conducted investigation on land of D-dong in N city which is an urban area and D myeon of N city which is a suburban area, based on high resolution satellite image, to find out actual land usage. As for D-dong in N city, different rate between actual usage and official land information was 0.5~4.8% in terms of 5 major land types (paddy field, farm, ground, forest, and others). D myeon in N city posted 1.4~8.4%, which is higher than that of its counterpart. As for unit load, "land" which is large in terms of load presented a big difference between official information and actual usage. On the other hand, the levels of paddy, field, forest and others posted only small changes in load. In case of T-P, in particular, unit of each land type is lower than BOD and T-N, showing almost no changes in pollution loads.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제7권5호
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• pp.930-934
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• 2006

홍제천 유역의 평창 배수분구를 대상으로 강우시 발생하수의 특성을 파악하기 위해 유량 및 수질 조사를 수행하였고, 강우유출수를 기저하수, 강우, 지붕유출수, 도로유출수, 관내 퇴적물 등 오염원별로 분석하여 기원별 초염기여도를 파악하였다. 강우시 발생초기의 오염물질의 농도는 초기세척현상에 의해 비강우시 농도의 3-10배 이상 높게 나타났으나, 강우 후반기에는 희석에 의해 비강우시 평균 농도 보다 오히려 낮은 농도를 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 오염부하의 오염원별 기여도 분석에서 관거 퇴적물에 의한 오염도가 전체 오염도에서 COD의 경우 54.6%를, SS은 73.3%를 차지하여, 가장 높은 기여도를 보여 관거 내 퇴적물의 준설과 세정을 통하여 상당량의 오염부하를 저감시킬 수 있는 것으로 나타났다.