• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제30권sup호
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• pp.2.1-2.11
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• 2015

Objectives This study presents a methodology that enables a quantitative assessment of green chemistry technologies. Methods The study carries out a quantitative evaluation of a particular case of material reutilization by calculating the level of "greenness" i.e., the level of compliance with the principles of green chemistry that was achieved by implementing a green chemistry technology. Results The results indicate that the greenness level was enhanced by 42% compared to the pre-improvement level, thus demonstrating the economic feasibility of green chemistry. Conclusions The assessment technique established in this study will serve as a useful reference for setting the direction of industry-level and government-level technological R&D and for evaluating newly developed technologies, which can greatly contribute toward gaining a competitive advantage in the global market.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.151-157
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• 2013

This paper is a comparative study on risk assessment policy between Asian countries such as Japan, Korea, Singapore and EU countries, German, UK. Risk assessment is a tool adopted currently in many countries in order to reduce occupational risk in workplace because it help employers to identify their hazard arousing in their working conditions then to settle the issues. This paper compares institutional framework posed in EU and Asian countries. As a result of comparative study, EU countries have more concrete legal system for risk assessment than Asian countries. But Asian countries are now interested in risk assessment such as Japan, Korea and Singapore. The author also suggests successful ways to settle down the risk assessment policy in a country. These findings help to understand occupational health and safety policy on risk assessment in Asian countries.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제30권sup호
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• pp.3.1-3.11
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• 2015

Objectives This study presents the indicators and proxy variables for the quantitative assessment of green chemistry technologies and evaluates the relative importance of each assessment element by consulting experts from the fields of ecology, chemistry, safety, and public health. Methods The results collected were subjected to an analytic hierarchy process to obtain the weights of the indicators and the proxy variables. Results These weights may prove useful in avoiding having to resort to qualitative means in absence of weights between indicators when integrating the results of quantitative assessment by indicator. Conclusions This study points to the limitations of current quantitative assessment techniques for green chemistry technologies and seeks to present the future direction for quantitative assessment of green chemistry technologies.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.13-25
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• 1993

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) serves to identify a project's possible effects on the environment early enough sufficiently allowing for them to be taken into account in the decision-making process. The EIA in Germany is an instrument of environmental Policy which considers nature as an integrated system (ecosystem). In the german process of developing environmental policy, the EIA has been one of the instruments which introduced by law rather late. This means that the German Law of EIA has been made in 1900, 20 years after the beginning of the environmental policy in Germany. In the following paper I intend to ${\cdot}$ explain the basic concept of the EIA in Germany ${\cdot}$ describe the process of law building for EIA ${\cdot}$ give a short overview of applications and experiences with EIA ${\cdot}$ show the links between EIA and general environmental policy in Germany.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.15-24
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• 1994

환경영향평가 연구의 목표(국가환경정책법에 명시)는 개발사업에 대한 여러가지 인자들(생태적, 경제적, 사회적)을 사업이 결정되기 전에 고려하여 사업이 진행되도록 허용하는 것을 확보하는데 있다. 말하자면, 목표는 환경영향평가를 계획과 정책과정에 통합하는데 있다. 국가환경정책법이 시행된 지 25년이 된 오늘날에 그러한 통합의 방향으로 진행의 정도에 관해서 문의하는 것은 적절하다. 이글은 미국의 대평원지역에서의 자원개발사업과 관련하여 계획과 정책과정에서의 환경영향평가에 대한 역할을 검토한다. 특히 에너지 추출 및 변환사업과 관련한 사회경계적 영향과 사업평가, 지방과 지역계획, 주정책개발에서의 환경영향평가에 대한 역할을 설명한다.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2005

본 연구에서는 토양오염지역의 위해성 평가에 관한 미국, 영국, 네덜란드, 독일, 덴마크의 정책을 비교 분석하였다. 이들 국기는 미국과 18개 유럽 국가들에 관한 유럽연합의 초기 분석 자료를 이용하여 선택하였다. 이로부터 도출한 시사점은 토양오염지역의 조사 및 관리를 위해 각 국가들은 위해성 평가를 이용하고 있으며, 토양질 기준을 정책수 단으로 위해성 평가와 병행하고 있는 것이다. 이러한 외국의 정책과 시사점을 고려할 때, 위해성 평가를 정책 수단으로 이용하고 있지 않은 우리나라에 대해 다음과 같은 정책 추진을 제언할 수 있다. 첫째, 국가적인 차원에서 이용 할 수 있는 합리적인 위해성 평가 방법의 마련이다. 둘째, 부지의 위해성 평가를 토양질의 기준과 연계시키는 것이다. 우리나라의 실정에 적합한 부지의 위해성 평가방법을 마련하기 위해서는 추가적인 자료의 분석을 통한 심층적인 연구가 필요하고, 사회 다양한 계층간의 논의 및 합의가 필요할 것이다. 토양오염으로 간주되는 토양질 기준을 초과하는 부지의 경우에 위해성 평가의 시행을 고려할 수 있을 것이다. 또한 위해성 평가는 오염물질의 자연함량이 일반적으로 다른 특정 지역, 예를 들면 광산지역 등에 대해 적용하는 것을 고려할 수 있을 것이다. 금번 연구의 결과는 토양 오염지역의 위해성 평가에 관해 우리가 시행해야 할 추가적인 연구 및 정책시뮬레이션의 실행 동기를 함께 제공하고 있는 것으로 우리나라의 토양오염지역을 조사, 복원, 해제에 따른 법, 제도 발전의 한 부문으로 사용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 보건의료기술평가
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.95-99
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• 2018

As technologies develop, the digital health sector is gradually expanding. Internationally, the global summit for Digital Health named Global Digital Health Partnership (GDHP) was launched in 2018. Many countries are participating in GDHP and share their policy experiences on digital health and find the ways to cooperate with participating countries (13 countries, including South Korea, and Hong Kong). This article reviewed the international trends in digital health policy environment and evidence assessment focusing on GDHP activities, and derived implications for health technology assessment of digital health. Consequently, to assess the intervention effects of digital health is very complex and the assessment should be considered multidimensional aspects (social, clinical, and technical). In addition the patient experience should be assessed qualitatively. Health technology assessment (HTA) should assess the effect of digital health policies to changes in health care systems resulting from the application of advanced technologies related to the 4th Industrial Revolution. Digital health is also related to new HTA, HTA of existing technologies, and R&D on the promising health technology. Therefore, it is necessary to review the trends of the technology's management policy consistently through the HTA of digital health.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.263-271
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• 2018

Health technology assessment (HTA) is defined as multidisciplinary policy analysis to look into the medical, economic, social, and ethical implications of the development, distribution, and use of health technology. Following the recent changes in the social environment, there are increasing needs to improve Korea's healthcare environment by, inter alia, assessing health technologies in an organized, timely manner in accordance with the government's strategies to ensure that citizens' medical expenses are kept at a stable level. Dedicated to HTA and research, the National Evidence-based Healthcare Collaborating Agency (NECA) analyzes and provides grounds on the clinical safety, efficacy, and economic feasibility of health technologies. HTA offers the most suitable grounds for decision making not only by healthcare professionals but also by policy makers and citizens as seen in a case in 2009 where research revealed that glucosamine lacked preventive and treatment effects for osteoarthritis and glucosamine was subsequently excluded from the National Health Insurance's benefit list to stop the insurance scheme from suffering financial losses and citizens from paying unnecessary medical expenses. For the development of HTA in Korea, the NECA will continue exerting itself to accomplish its mission of providing policy support by health technology reassessment, promoting the establishment and use of big data and HTA platforms for public interest, and developing a new value-based HTA system.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.109-124
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• 2009

Background: This study aimed to examine whether cases of punishing false claimants threat general physicians to check their medical cost claims with care to avoid being suspected, and identify empirically general deterrence effects of the on-site investigation system in the Korean National Health Insurance. Methods: 800 clinics were selected among a total of 15,443 clinics that had no experience of on-site investigation until June 2007 using a stratified proportional systematic sampling method. We conducted logistic multiple regression to examine the association between factors related to provider's perception of on-site investigation and high level of perceived deterrence referring to fear of punishment after adjusting provider's service experiences and general characteristics. Results: The probability of high perceived deterrence was higher 1.7 times (CI: 1.13-2.56), 2.73 times (CI: 1.68-4.45) each among clinics exchanging the information once or more per year or once or more for 2-3 months than among clinics no exchanging the information about on-site investigation. Also, the probability of high perceived deterrence was higher 2.27 times (CI: 1.28-4.45) among clinics that knows more than 3 health care institutions having experienced an on-site investigation than among clinics knowing no case. Conclusion: A clinic knowing more punishment cases by onsite investigation and exchanging more frequently information about on-site investigation is likely to present high perceived deterrence. This result will provide important information to enlarge preventive effects of on-site investigation on fraud and abuse claims.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.261-271
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• 2021

Background: In 2018, the government increased the fee for the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) image deciphering services of the external hospital to discourage the redundant MRI scan and to induce appropriate use of the MRI services. It is important to evaluate the effect of the policy to provide the basis for establishing other MRI-related policies. Methods: The healthcare data of the patients who had brain MRI scans were organized by episode and analyzed using the panel study in order to find out the effect of the MRI-related policy on the substitution effect and the medical expenses. Results: As a result of the increase in the fee of deciphering the MRI image, there has been an uplift in deciphering the MRI scan of the external hospital. It implies that more hospitals chose to use the MRI scan taken by other clinics or hospitals, rather than the MRI scan taken at their own facilities. Conclusion: The research results imply that a policy that facilitates the exchange of the medical image data between the hospitals is needed in order to establish an efficient management system of the healthcare resources. Such improvement is expected to reduce the social cost and contribute to the stability in the finance of national health insurance.