• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.19-28
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• 2024

본 연구에서는 유동성 채움재의 장기 압축강도 저하를 확인하고, 그 원인을 규명하고자 유동성 채움재와 물의 배합 비율 1:1 적용하여 시료를 제작하였으며, 재령 7일, 28일 기준 일축압축강도 시험을 수행하였다. 일축압축시험 결과 재령 28일 기준 압축강도는 7일 대비 2.85배 감소하였다. 또한, 똑같은 배합 조건에서 팽창제를 첨가하였을 경우 압축강도가 대폭 감소하였다. 현장에서 배합된 유동성 채움재를 재령 7일, 28일 기준으로 점하중강도 시험을 수행하였으며, 똑같은 배합 조건 및 재령 일 기준으로 일축압축강도와의 차이가 재령 7일 기준 29.27~58.76배, 재령 28일 기준 48.19~95.13배로 나타났다. 본 연구결과가 선행연구 결과와 다소 차이를 나타내고 있음에 대한 이유는 시험방법 및 시료 제작 과정에서의 정밀도 차이에 의한 것임으로 유동성 채움재 평가를 위하여 명확한 시험방법에 대한 규제가 필요하다.

• 대한지리학회지
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• 제43권6호
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• pp.808-823
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• 2008

하천 퇴적물질의 마식은 하상과의 충돌과 퇴적물질 입자간의 충돌에 의하여 발생한다. 하천 퇴적물질의 물리적 강도는 마식에 대한 저항의 정도를 나타내는 것으로 정의할 수 있으나, 이에 대한 실증적인 연구는 큰 진전을 보이지 못해왔다. 본 연구에서는 퇴적물질의 마식에 영향을 미치는 요소들(퇴적물질의 물리적강도, 퇴적물질의 크기, 퇴적물질의 양등)의 관계를 파악하기 위해서 마식기를 이용한 물리적 실험을 실시하였으며, 특히 퇴적물질의 물리적 강도가 마식율에 미치는 영향을 분석하는데 강조점을 두고 있다. 이 실험에서는 266개의 퇴적물을 이용했으며, 퇴적물질의 양과 퇴적물질의 평균 무게에 따라 11개의 소집단으로 나눠 실험하였다. 각 실험은 1시간 단위로 이루어 졌으며 퇴적물질은 최장 8시간 동안 마식되었다. 마식율은 각 실험단계마다 퇴적물질 입자 무게의 변동으로 측정하였으며, 총 2,128번의 측정이 이루어졌다. 퇴적물질의 물리적 강도는 시험이 종료한 뒤에 파괴하중을 측정하여 계산한 점 하중강도지수를 통해 측정하였다. 퇴적물질의 점하중강도지수는 마식율과 음의 상관이 있는 것으로 나타났으나, 두 변수들 간의 회귀식의 설명율($R^2$)은 0.22로 나타났다. 퇴적물질의 전반적인 마식은 실험 초기에는 빠르게 진행되지만, 풍화각이 제거된 뒤에는 마식율이 급감하는 경향을 보여주고 있다. 풍화각을 제거하는 초기 단계에는 퇴적물질의 물리적 강도와 마식율의 관계가 미약하지만 이후로 점점 설명율이 상승한다. 이 실험 결과에 의하면 퇴적물질의 물리적 강도는 마식율의 결정적인 설명변수가 아닐 수 있으며, 물리적 속성 이외에도 퇴적물질의 운반조건 등이 마식율에 큰 영향을 주는 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.89-93
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• 2003

The failure of rock slopes were influenced by weathering, which causes change in the shear strength. The weathering is also directly related to slaking and swelling characteristics. In the paper, the core of diameter loom was obtained by digging on rock slope of Kong-ju in Korea and then EDX(Energy Dispersive X-ray spectrometer) analysis was carried out to verified element of chief rock-forming minerals. Uniaxial compression tests, slaking tests, and point load test are performed to study engineering characteristics of conglomerate and red shale. As a results of slaking test, slaking index of conglomerate indicate range of 85.11-99.58 and shale indicate 58.37-99.23. Therefore, it is recognized that the resistance of shale to weathering decreases in shallow depth and it greatly influences the strength of rock. The result of uniaxial compression test and Point load test show that the strength of sedimentary such as conglomerate and red shale has an influence on both weathering and saturation.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.697-711
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• 2007

Though extensive research has been carried out for the ultimate strength of steel reinforced concrete (SRC) members under static and cyclic load, there was only limited information on the applied analysis models. Modeling of the inelastic response of SRC members can be accomplished by using a microcosmic model. However, generally used microcosmic model, which usually contains a group of parameters, is too complicated to apply in the nonlinear structural computation for large whole buildings. The intent of this paper is to develop an effective modeling approach for the reliable prediction of the inelastic response of SRC columns. Firstly, five SRC columns were tested under cyclic static load and constant axial force. Based on the experimental results, normalized trilinear skeleton curves were then put forward. Theoretical equation of normalizing point (ultimate strength point) was built up according to the load-bearing mechanism of RC columns and verified by the 5 specimens in this test and 14 SRC columns from parallel tests. Since no obvious strength deterioration and pinch effect were observed from the load-displacement curve, hysteresis rule considering only stiffness degradation was proposed through regression analysis. Compared with the experimental results, the applied analysis model is so reasonable to capture the overall cyclic response of SRC columns that it can be easily used in both static and dynamic analysis of the whole SRC structural systems.

• 터널과지하공간
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.473-478
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• 2009

기존의 점하중시험기는 재하점간 중심축의 일치성에서 문제가 발생하는 경우가 존재하며 압력게이지를 통해서 시료에 가해지는 하중을 산정하기 때문에 정확성이 결여될 수 있는 단점이 있다. 본 연구는 원추판을 저항판과 함께 밀어 올리는 방식을 사용하고 지지 연마봉에 선형베어링을 장착하여 연속적으로 반복되는 시험에도 재하점의 축간 편심오차를 0.1 mm 이하로 유지한 개량형 점하중시험기를 개발하였다. 또한 반복되는 시험에서 재하점간의 거리를 자동으로 측정하고 편심오차를 확인하기 위하여 두 개의 디지털게이지를 부착하였다. 상부 원추판 끝단에 장착한 로드셀은 시료에 가해지는 순수 하중을 측정하여 압력계 방식인 기존의 점하중시험기가 가지는 단점을 보완하였다. 개발된 개량형 점하중시험기는 화성암, 편마암, 셰일에서 선택된 표준 코어시료에 대하여 총 107회의 점하중강도시험을 수행하고 품질과 성능이 검증되었다.

• 산업기술연구
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• 제28권A호
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• pp.105-111
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• 2008

A typical AP (Access Point) selection policy is to select an AP based on the received signal strength indicator (RSSI), ignoring its load. If multiple stations are deployed densely at a particular area, a typical AP selection policy will bring about the overall network throughput degradation. This paper proposes a novel AP selection policy taking into consideration not only signal strength of the APs but also AP loads to avoid Hotspot congestion. An experiment on Alinker implementing proposed AP selection policy, demonstrates that the proposed policy achieves close to optimal load balancing and grants the maximum transmission rate to stations in comparison with SSF (Strongest-Signal-First) and LLF (Least-Loaded-First).

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.112-118
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• 1994

Rock seems to be the ultimate excellent reaction for engineering loads, and often it Is. But the term rock includes a variety of types and conditions of material, some of which are surely not excellent and some that are potentially dangerous. Therefore, It is necessary to research absorption properties by rock strength. In this aspect the present paper deals essentially with the absorption exhibited by some Gneiss and Shale relation to its point load Index and specific gravity. In order to verify the rock strength, point load tester and two types rock specimen were used. Experimental results show that the absorption properties are highly dependent on rock strength. (suggested)

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.103-110
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• 2019

In order to reduce the accidents occurring at construction sites, it is necessary to approach with harmonious measures considering various aspects such as systems, training, facilities, and protection equipments. Suggestion of safe construction method can be a good alternative. In the previous study, the half-depth precast deck with RC rib panel was proposed as an alternative method for safe bridge deck construction, and the performance required by the design code was verified through a four-point bending test. But the actual bridge deck is subjected to the repetitive action of the wheel load rather than the bending condition due to the four-point load. In this study, fatigue test was performed by repeating the wheel load $2{\times}10^6$ cycles to verify the safety of the half-depth precast deck with RC rib panel under actual conditions. As a result, fatigue effect due to repetition of wheel load was not significant in terms of serviceability such as crack width and deflection. In the residual strength test conducted after the fatigue test, the half-depth precast deck with RC rib panel failed by punching shear which is typical failure mode of bridge decks and the residual strength was similar to the punching strength of the RC and PSC bridge decks in spite of the fatigue effects.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제81권5호
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• pp.539-550
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• 2022

A detailed experimental program was conducted to investigate the flexural behavior of ultra high performance concrete (UHPC) beams reinforced with high strength steel (HSS) rebars with a specified yield strength of 600 MPa via direct tensile test and monotonic four-point bending test. First, two sets of direct tensile test specimens, with the same reinforcement ratio but different yield strength of reinforcement, were fabricated and tested. Subsequently, six simply supported beams, including two plain UHPC beams and four reinforced UHPC beams, were prepared and tested under four-point bending load. The results showed that the balanced-reinforced UHPC beams reinforced with HSS rebars could improve the ultimate load-bearing capacity, deformation capacity, ductility properties, etc. more effectively owing to interaction between high strength of HSS rebar and strain-hardening characteristic of UHPC. In addition, the UHPC with steel rebars kept strain compatibility prior to the yielding of the steel rebar, further satisfied the plane-section assumption. Most importantly, the crack pattern of the UHPC beam reinforced with HSS rebars was prone to transform from single main crack failure corresponding to the normal-strength steel, to multiple main cracks failure under the condition of balanced-reinforced failure, which validated by the conclusion of direct tensile tests cooperated with acoustic emission (AE) source locating technique as well.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.269-282
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• 2015

In this paper, a compression to tensile load converter device was developed to determine the anisotropic tensile strength of concrete. The samples were made from a mixture of water, fine sand and cement, respectively. Concrete samples with a hole at its center was prepared and subjected to tensile loading using the compression to tensile load converter device. A hydraulic load cell applied compressive loading to converter device with a constant pressure of 0.02 MPa per second. Compressive loading was converted to tensile stress on the sample because of the overall test design. The samples have three different configurations related to loading axis; 0, $45^{\circ}$, $-45^{\circ}$. A series of finite element analysis were done to analyze the effect of hole diameter on stress concentration of the hole side along its horizontal axis to provide a suitable criterion for determining the real tensile strength of concrete. Concurrent with indirect tensile test, Brazilian test and three point loading test were also performed to compare the results from the three methods. Results obtained by this device were quite encouraging and show that the tensile strengths of concrete were similar in different directions because of the homogeneity of bonding between the concrete materials. Also, the indirect tensile strength was clearly lower than the Brazilian test strength and three point loading test.