• Special Issue of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• 2011.09a
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• pp.55-62
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• 2011

Although the performance of the commercial vessel has been dramatically improved through innovations, there has been no big changes on the traditional anchoring method of commercial vessels, both on design and operation until now. In this paper, two cases of design modifications were introduced for optimized design of pocket type anchor handling, which resulted in improved performance of the vessel's anchoring. From the first time fully balanced type anchors were applied on vessels in Korean shipyard, main design problem on this application was that the anchor doesn't normally slide into the pocket when the anchor fluke is not in line with pocket, as the anchor freely rotates by the swivel on forerunner. In order to prevent the problem, swivel has been deleted on the forerunner to prevent anchor rotation until now, but this solution caused problems such as twist lock of anchor chain, restriction of windlass direction, etc. On this paper, one of the solution is introduced to overcome the design problem by tilting the hawse pipe to some extent, which makes anchor turned at the time anchor ring touches the pocket skirt and that it properly slides into the pocket. Secondly, one of the solution is introduced to overcome misalignment problem between anchor chain cable and roller of chain compressor, which has been frequently occurred, by modification of roller design.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.258-263
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• 2010

To study on the typical domatia structure, the leaves of six broad-leaved tree species were examined. Domatia of the leaves of the broad-leaved trees is the defense strategies against hervivory of many broad-leaved tree species. We observed four type domatia; Pouch type, Tuft type, Pocket type, and Pocket + tuft type. This result suggests that broad-leaved trees have develope leaf domatia structures for mutualism with predatory mites.

• Journal of the Korean Physical Society
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• v.73 no.9
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• pp.1346-1350
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• 2018

An electrode-evaporation technology on both the top and bottom sides of the bare vertical-type single chip separated from the traditional substrate by cooling, was developed for III-nitride vertical-type single chip LEDs with thick GaN epilayer. The post-process of the cooling step was followed by sorting the bare vertical-type single chip LEDs into the holes in a pocket-type shadow mask for deposition of the electrodes at the top and bottom sides of bare vertical-type single chip LEDs without the traditional substrate for electrode evaporation technology for vertical-type single chip LEDs. The variation in size of the hole between the designed shadow mask and the deposited electrodes owing to the use of the designed pocket-type shadow mask is investigated. Furthermore, the electrical and the optical properties of bare vertical-type single chip LEDs deposited with two different shapes of n-type electrodes using the pocket-type shadow mask are investigated to explore the possibility of the e-beam evaporation method.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.73-79
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• 2015

PURPOSE: This study aims to examine the impact of the location of a walker-aid pocket that is attached to the walker while walking. METHODS: The research subjects included 10 male adults and 10 elderly people. The subjects used a two-wheeled walker for the walking analysis, and a firm velcro-type pocket that can be attached to the walker aid was used for weight loading. The size of the external loads was set at 2kg, which corresponds to approximately 2.5% of the mean body weight of the subjects. The pocket was attached to the left, center, and right sides of the walker aid. Stride length, stride, step width, and time were investigated according to the location change. RESULTS: No statistical differences were observed in all the walking factors among the adults and elderly people regardless of the changes in the location of the walker pocket. In cases of no weight and the 2kg walker pocket, stride length and strides were longer for the adults, while the step width was greater and walking time was longer for the elderly people. CONCLUSION: The weight of the walker pocket turn out to retard walking speed, although the location of the walker pocket is not affect walking with the walker-aid.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.6985-6989
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• 2013

Background: This study aimed to examine out-of-pocket expenditure for cancer treatments of hospitalized patients and to analyze changing patterns over time. Materials and Methods: This study examined data of all cancer patients receiving inpatient care from two tertiary hospitals from January 2003 to December 2010. Medical expenditures per admission were calculated and classified into those covered and uncovered by the Korean National Health Insurance (NHI) and co-payment. Results: The medical expenditure per admission increased slowly from 3,455 thousand Korean won (KRW) to 4,068 thousand KRW. While expenditures covered by the NHI have increased annually, co-payments have generally decreased. The out-of-pocket expenditure ratio, which means the proportion of uncovered expenditure and co-payment among total medical expenditure dropped sharply from 2005 to 2007 and was maintained at a similar level after 2007. Medical expenditures, NHI coverage, and the out-of-pocket expenditure ratio differed across cancer types. Conclusions: It is necessary to continually monitor the expenditure of uncovered services by the NHI, and to provide policies to reduce this economic burden. In addition, an individual approach considering cancer type-specific characteristics and medical utilization should be provided.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.242-247
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• 2016

CFD simulation with FlowVision^® is used to evaluate the capability of cooling channel in hot press forming dies. Two different types of cooling channels, dry drilled and pocket types are considered for comparison. Two different approaches for simulating cooling channel are considered. One is single-phase velocity calculation for coolant only and the other is multiphase thermal and velocity calculation for die, blank and coolant all together. Both approaches show better cooling performance in pocket type cooling channel. Also both approaches show their own effectiveness in designing cooling channel of hot press forming dies.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.75-81
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• 2003

Pocket machining is metal removal operation commonly used for creating depressions in machined parts. Numerically controlled milling is the primary means for machining complex die surface. These complex surfaces are generated by a milling cutter which removes material as it traces out pre-specified tool paths. To machine, a component on a CNC machine, part programs which define the cutting tool path are needed. This tool path is usually planned from CAD, and converted to a CAM machine input format. In this paper I proposed a new method for generating NC tool paths. This method generates automatically NC tool paths with dynamic elimination of machining errors in 2$\frac{1}{2}$ arbitrary shaped pockets. This paper generates a spiral-like tool path by dynamic computing optimal pocket of the pocket boundary contour based on the type and size of the milling cutter, the geometry of the pocket contour and surface finish tolerance requirements. This part programming system is PC based and simultaneously generates a G-code file.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.183-202
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• 1998

This study is to investigate patient's choice of health care and the demand for Korean traditional medicine care in rural areas in 1995. It tried to evaluate the effect of out-of-pocket expenditure, travel time, and waiting time on improving care-seeking and substituting clinical medicine for pharmacy care and Korean traditional medicine care in rural areas. The statistical model of this study is conditional logit to estimate effects of choice-specific and individual-specific characteristics on the choice of type of services. This study used, as explanatory variables, average out-of-pocket payment, travel time, and waiting time of services required to use the services. The model was empirically tested using data from 1995 Korean National Health Survery. The results showed that rural Koreans responded to out-of pocket payment and travel time. Increases of out-of-pocket payment and travel time decreased the probability to choose care in rural Korea. Rural Koreans were more likely to seek care than others with low out-of-pocket payment and travel time. The probability of choosing Korean traditional medicine were higher among the members of the households with higher education level and older persons, while they were lower in the households with large family than others compared with the probabilities of choosing public health facilities. The result of this study implies that policy on use of health care in rural Korea can be focused in managing travel time and out-of-pocket payment.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.19-23
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• 2011

In this study three types of domatia; Tuft (T), Pocket-Tuft (PT) and Pocket (P) were observed on some species of the genus Cornus. Cornus officinalis Sieb & Zuee and C. florida Linnaeus possess T type, C. controversa Hemsl and C. walteri Wangerin possess PT type while C. alba Linnaeus possess P type. A total of 120 leaves were investigated for foliar mite's population. T type domatia was the habitat of 329 mites (48.89%), followed by PT type where 198 mites (29.41%) were found, and the least favored was the P type domatia that accommodated 146 mites (21.70%) out of 673 mites in total. The mean number of mites per domatia was $8({\pm}0.22)$, $4({\pm}0.95)$ and $3({\pm}0.70)$ for T, PT and P type, respectively. The alternative hypothesis that foliar mites prefer T type domatia as a habitat than PT and P type domatia was accepted based on these findings at a probability of P<0.05. Thus, it was concluded that foliar mites prefer T type domatia than the other two types. This could be due to the nature and efficiency of T type domatia in ensuring mites protection from predators and unfriendly environmental conditions. Therefore, the presence of denser tufts lowers the risks of predation and unfriendly environmental conditions and results in a higher number of mites.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.196-204
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• 2005

Purpose: This study was to investigate the relation among social support, drinking and smoking and to identify factors affecting high school students' smoking and drinking behaviors. Methods: Data were collected from 361 high school students (182 students in 2 preparatory schools and 179 students in 2 vocational high schools) who were selected through convenient sampling. Data were analyzed using SPSS 11.5 for Windows. Results: Factors affecting smoking behavior were drinking(OR=15.86. p<0.01), school type(R=11.82, p<0.01), school record(OR=46.62. p<0.001), pocket money (OR= 10.91. p<0.01) and brother's smoking (OR=9.09. p<0.05). Factors affecting drinking behavior were smoking(OR=8.32. p<0.01), school type(OR=2.53. p<0.01), school record(OR=2.35. p<0.01), pocket money(OR=2.01. p<0.05), father's educational background(OR=2.126. p<0.05), mother's drinking(OR= 1.83. p<0.05) and relationship with teacher (OR=2.44. p<0.01). Conclusion: The behaviors of drinking and smoking in high school students were highly correlated with each other. School record, school type, pocket money and family member's behaviors influenced student's behaviors. Further study is required to estimate the effect of drinking and smoking intervention programs according to student's characteristics such as school record, school type, pocket money management, and family members' influence.