• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.199-212
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• 1989

The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the factors which affect the alienation of the aged, and to study the relative importance of these factors. This study focused on the following research questions: 1) How do the demographic variables(sex, marital status, family structure, religion, economics, prior occupation, education level) affect the alienation of the aged? 2) How the alienation of the aged is affected by their involvement in social activities? 3) Does the degree of satisfaction with family relationship have a perceivable impact on the alienation of the aged? 4) How does the self-rated senescence affect the alienation of the aged? The research was practiced from the 18th Sept. 1999 to the 30th Sept. 1988, through individual interviews with 300 elderly people, all living in Seoul area. Among them only 285 were used in the analysis. The major findings of the study are as follows; 1) The sex of the respondents makes no difference in the alienation of the age . 2) Marital status is found to be relatively significant in determining the alienation. The degree of alienation of old people with spouse is substantially lower than that of those without spouse. 3) Family structure was found to have no significantly effect on the alienation of the aged. 4) Involvement in religion was found to significantly reduce the alienation of the aged. 5) Econimic factors seems to be critical in defermining the aged. The amount of pocket money avaliable for daily use has direct relationship with alienation. 6) Prior occupation was found to be another significant factor affecting alienation professionals experience far lower alienation than nonprofessionals. 7) The higher is education level, the lower is the alienation of the aged. 8) Active participation in social activities and good relationship with other family members were founded to contribute to lowering the alienation of the aged. Whereas, too much concern over one's senescence appears to hav negative effects on the alienation. The regression analysis shows that the satisfaction with the family relationship has the most important influence upon the alienation of the aged. Following are the factors of self-rated senescence, pocket money in a descending order. All these factors, which explain 42.65% of the total variance of alienation variable are statistically significant(p<.001)

• 한국농촌생활과학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.185-197
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• 1994

This study is to investigate the factors which affect self- esteem of the aged parents. In this study questionaires were used to measure solidarity between aged parents and adults children, self- esteem of aged parents. Subjects were 234 male and 235 female parents who were aged over 60. The data were analyzed by using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, ANOVA, and stepwise regression analysis. The results are as follows : 1) The solidarity between the aged parents and their adult children is average 65.5(Conversion value by 100 : 51.9) and shows the average level. The relations between solidarity and background variables are variables affected by education, pocket money, health, social activity and religion. 2) The degree of self- esteem in the aged parents is presented to average 26.1(Conversion value by 100 : 56.5) and shows the average level and it according to the background variables has a significant difference depending on education, pocket money, family living together, health, social activity, religion and the number of children. 3) To investigate the degree of self- esteem according to the degree of solidarity, the sub-areas of solidarity are subdivided into five groups. higher solodarity the group has, higher self- esteem it has. 4) The degree of effects of the variables which affect self- esteem in the aged parents is in such order as affectional solidarity($\beta$＝0.32), helping($\beta$＝0.14), education($\beta$＝0.10), solidarity by contact($\beta$＝0.09) and solidarity by argument($\beta$＝0.09) and $R^2$ of such variables are 30%.

• 복식
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• 제33권
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• pp.175-188
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• 1997

the main purpose of this study was to inves-tigate the consumer dissatisfaction and com-plaining behavior in purchase and use by con-sumer value. The subjects participated this study were 204 female students. They were classified into 3 groups by important degree of instrumental value which is one of the 2 value categories that divided by the Rokeach. In order to assess consumer dissatishaction in purchase and use of clothing by those groups. The Clothing Purchase Dissatisfaction Inventory was used and The Consumer Complaining Behavior Inventory was adapted to asses consumer complaining behavior. The Clothing Purchase Dissatisfaction Inventory has 4 subscales(Price related factor Produt and Quality related factor Information and Service related factor Purchase decision-mak-ing related factor)and The Consumer Complaining behavior Inventory consisted in 3 subscales(Do nothing Private complaining Public complaining) Using SAS package in order to examine Clothing Purchase Dissatisfaction Inventory scores anaslysis of variance (MANOVA) was excuted And turkety test a kind of post-hoc multiple comparisons methods was adapted to compare Clothing Purchase Dissatisfaction In-ventory scores of each groups. in order to in-vestigate consumer complaining behavior by each groups and grade major pocket money a month the mean purchse price of clothing a month x2-test Frequency Percent were executed. Conclusion eached in this study are as fol-low: 1. Each group had differences in price re-lated factor Product nad Quality related fac-tor Information and Service related factor ex-cept Purchase decision -making related factor Groups which made much of value tend to dis-satisfy in price related facor Product and Quality related factor Information and Service related factor. 2. Group that made much of value had more high scores in private complaining complainto third party and the middle group had more high scores in private complaining . Group made little of value tended to do nothing. 3. Grade major pocket money a monty the mean purchase price of clothing a month didn't have difference signficantly in consumer behavior. but major had difference on private complaining.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.53-65
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• 2006

This study was conducted to analyze factors influencing old people's stress and coping with it. The subjects of this study were 1186 people who lived in 6 cities. The data were collected from September, 2003 to March, 2003. The result of this study can be summarized as follow. 1. 14.3% of the respondents was in good health, while 30.6% of them was not in good health. 11.0% of them had good eyesight and 22.2% had a good sense of hearing. 12.0% of them had good teeth. 2. The level of coping with stress was 59.9 points on the basis 100 points. The level of coping with it actively was highest, while the level of coping with it passively was lowest. 3. Factors which influenced old people's stress were job health condition, leisure activity, smoking, hearing ability, and regular exercise. 4. Factors which affected coping with stress were gender, having meals regularly, smoking, job, vigor, preference of foods, and average pocket money per month. As shown in the above results, the level of old people's stress factors and coping with it were significantly low in the groups of low education level, having less pocket money, living alone, being in bad health, having weak eyesight, having bad sense of hearing, having bad teeth, low satisfaction level with leisure, and having no health behavior. Therefore, the method of decreasing stress factors and coping with it should be developed. The government and related organizations must make great efforts to improve old people's quality of life and increase healthy life expectancy.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.889-902
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• 2011

The purposes of this study were to identify point makeup purchasing and using behavior according to the personal color awareness. Most women considered their favorite color first when purchasing lipsticks and skin color when purchasing cheek powder or foundation. They considered makeup concept first when applying lipsticks, eye shadows, and cheek powder but skin color applying foundations and manicures. Factors of personal color awareness were preferences & utilization awareness, other's advice, and direct awareness, and were segmented into PC intermediate group, high PC group, and PC retard group. PC intermediate group were in the late 20's and the early 30's, average incomes with high education, and patronized discount stores for point makeups, used fashion color as a criterion when selecting lipsticks, foundations, and manicures, apparel color when applying eye shadows, skin color when applying cheek creams, and preferred imported lipsticks and manicures. High PC group were among unmarried women in the early 20's, university students, high income households with medium level of pocket money, spent more for point makeup, and patronized department stores and internet shopping mall, used skin color or fashion color as criteria when selecting point makeup, referenced makeup concept when applying point makeup, preferred imported point makeup. PC retard group were among married women in the late 30's with low education and low income, spent less for point makeup and pocket money, and selected domestic point makeup, used their favorite color as a criterion when selecting point makeups and apparel color when applying lipsticks and cheek creams.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.272-291
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to investigate health-related habits, dietary habits, depression, stress, satisfaction of body weight, mini-dietary assessment (MDA) and dietary behaviors according to self-rated health among 255 university students in Kyungnam province. Statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS software package (version 19.0). The average ages of the subjects were 21.1 years. Participants were asked their self-rated health and 109, 105 and 41 students answered themselves as "healthy", "normal" and "unhealthy", respectively. The pocket money (P<0.05) was related with self-rated health, and meal frequency (P<0.01) of healthy group was higher than that of the unhealthy group. The self-reported depression level (P<0.01) and the score of depression (P<0.05) of the healthy group were lower than those of the unhealthy group. The self-reported stress level of the healthy group (P<0.05) was higher than that of the unhealthy group. The scores of nutritional behavior (P<0.05) and MDA (P<0.01) of the healthy group were higher than those of the unhealthy group. The scores for intakes of meat, fish, egg or beans, cereals and vegetables except kimchi, fruits, balanced diet and various foods were higher in the healthy group than in the unhealthy group. Our results suggest that pocket money, high meal frequency, low depression, satisfaction of present body weight, and good dietary behavior might influence good perception of self-rated health.

• 융합정보논문지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2018

이 연구는 노인의 자살생각 예측 요인을 파악하기 위한 서술적조사 연구이다. 노인대학, 노인종합복지관, 경로당을 이용하고 있는 노인 359명을 대상으로 분석하였으며 분석결과, 사회적 지지 평균 3.35점, 자아존중감 평균 3.38점, 우울 평균 8.64점, 자살생각 평균 1.65점이며, 연령, 교육정도, 배우자유무, 동거형태, 의료보장형태, 용돈, 과거직업유무, 여가활동, 건강상태, 만성질환 수, 흡연유무에서 자살생각과 유의한 관련을 보였다. 사회적 지지와 자아존중감이 낮을수록, 우울이 높을수록 자살 생각이 높게 나타났다. 자살생각의 예측요인을 분석하기 위해 다중회귀분석 결과, 자살생각을 설명하는 주요변수는 타인지지, 자아존중감, 용돈, 학력, 연령으로 나타났고, 자살생각을 48.2% 설명하였으며 이 중에서 타인지지의 설명력이 41.8%로 가장 높았다. 사회적 지지와 자아존중감을 증진하고, 우울을 감소시킬 수 있는 노인의 자살예방통합프로그램 개발의 기초자료로 사용될 것을 기대한다.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.170-177
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• 2006

Purpose: This study was performed to identify the relationship between self-esteem and satisfaction in major of nursing students. Methods: Data were collected from the 10th to the 14th of April in 2006, from 281 nursing students in Jeollabuk-Do area. The collected data were analysed by using the SPSS WIN 11.0. Results: The results of this study were as followings: 1) The mean score for self-esteem was $2.89({\pm}.42)$, self-esteem was significantly different according to the general characteristics of grade(F=4.718, p=.010), satisfaction of pocket money(F=11.241, p=.000), satisfaction of present life(F=9.875, p=. 000) and hope for the employment field(F=2.583, p=.026). 2) The mean score for satisfaction in major was $3.79({\pm}.49)$, satisfaction in major was significantly different according to the general characteristics of satisfaction of pocket money(F=5.280, p=.006), motivation of entrance(F=7.384, p=.000), satisfaction of present life(F=27.000, p=.000), hope for the employment field(F=3.019, p=.011) and one of family (t=2.416, p=.017). 3) There was a significant correlation between self-esteem and satisfaction in major(r=.353, p=.000). 4) The most important variables affected satisfaction in major could explain a total 27.9%, were accounted for 22.7% in the satisfaction of present life and 5.2% in the self-esteem by the stepwise multiple regression analysis. Conclusion: As a result, self-esteem was correlated with satisfaction in major in nursing students. Therefore we need to develop various self-esteem program for nursing students.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.115-130
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• 1991

The purpose of this study is to examine the variables which influence old widows' life satisfaction. The subjects were 318 old widows over sixty years old in Kwangju. The data were taken by questionaires and analyzed by frequency distribution, percentile, AHOVA, scheffes test and multiple regression. The major findings of this study were as follows: 1) The majority of old widows were low educated and 36.2% were poor in health. Their living aspect that they live together with their married child was 74.2%. Degree of participation in social activities was very low. 42% were satisfied or very satisfied with their pocket money. 76.4% had religions. 25.5% had no old friend. Solidarity with their children was generally good. In their economical status, 8.4% of living together with married children were low while 35.3% of living separately were. 60% thought that they were important person at home. 35.5% answered that they were satisfied with their living condition and 6% were very satisfied. 2) The variables which affect the old widows' life satisfaction were age(p<0.05), state of health(p<0.001), degree of pocket money(p<0.01), economical status(p<0.05), roles at home(p<0.01), solidarity among their relatives(p<0.001), solidarity with their children(p<0.001), status in home(p<0.001) participation in social activities(p<0.05) and existence of old friend(p<0.01). 3) The significant orders which affect the old widow's life satisfaction were satus in home first of all (β=0.26, p<0.001), objective solidarity with their children(β=0.21, p<0.001), subjuctive solidarity with their children(β=0.19, p<0.01), state of health (β=0.15, p<0.01) and economical status who living with married child (β=0.15, p<0.01).

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.687-694
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to investigate the salt-related dietary behaviors according to the stage of change model in middle school students from the Gyeongsangbuk-do area. Data were collected from, a total of 253 male and 210 female middle school students through. Self-reporting questionnaire. By stage of salt-related dietary behaviors, the 'Pre-contemplation stage' was comprised of 57.3%, the 'Contemplation stage' of 12.2%, the 'Preparation stage' of 7.4% and the 'Action stage' of 23.2% of students. There were significant differences in the stage of change according to the experience with salt-related nutrition education (p<0.05), wherein differences according to gender and parent's education were not observed. In the salt-related dietary behaviors, there were significant differences according to gender (p<0.05), pocket money (p<0.01), and the stage of change (p<0.001). Males had higher salt-related dietary behavior scores than females, while students who had more pocket money also had higher scores, and the action group had lower scores than the other groups. Among the 10 items of salt-related dietary behaviors, only 4 showed above the average score (2.92/5.00), including behaviors of liking kimchi, completely consuming snacks and instant foods, and drinking the broth of soups. The salt-related dietary score of males was higher than females, while the action group's score was lower than the other stages.