• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.520-528
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• 2021

Plesiomonas shigelloides, a member of the family Vibrionaceae, is a gram-negative, rod-shaped, facultative anaerobic bacterium with flagella. P. shigelloides has been isolated from such sources as freshwater, surface water, and many wild and domestic animals. P. shigelloides contains 102 O-antigens and 51 H-antigens. The diversity of O-antigen gene clusters is relatively poorly understood. In addition to O1 and O17 reported by other laboratories, and the 12 O serogroups (O2, O10, O12, O23, O25, O26, O32, O33, O34, O66, O75, and O76) reported previously by us, in the present study, nine new P. shigelloides serogroups (O8, O17, O18, O37, O38, O39, O44, O45, and O61) were sequenced and annotated. The genes for the O-antigens of these nine groups are clustered together in the chromosome between rep and aqpZ. Only O38 possesses the wzm and wzt genes for the synthesis and translocation of O-antigens via the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter pathway; the other eight use the Wzx/Wzy pathway. Phylogenetic analysis using wzx and wzy showed that both genes are diversified. Among the nine new P. shigelloides serogroups, eight use wzx/wzy genes as targets. In addition, we developed an O-antigen-specific PCR assay to detect these nine distinct serogroups with no cross reactions among them.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.105-112
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• 1993

수계에 분포하고 있는 Plesiomonas shigelloides 균을 분리, 동정하고 임상유래균과의 세균학적 특성을 비교검토하였다. 부산근교인 구포에서 채수된 사료중 1개의 시료, 물금에서의 2개의 시료에서 P. shigelloides 가 분리, 동정되었으나 해운대, 수영, 다대포, 낙동강하구언, 강동 등에서 채수된 시료에서는 분리되지 않았다. 분리균의 최적 증식조건은 peptone water 에 $25~35^{\circ}C$ pH 7.5-8.0, NaCl 농도는 1%이하였고, 선택성 중균배지로서는 alkaline peptone water 에 insitol 을 첨가한 것이 증식이 가장 우수하였다. 생화학적 특성에 있어서는 DNase 가 다른 연구결과와는 달리 느리게 생성되었고, 지방산 조성은 $C_{12}~C_{18}$ 3-hydroxylate 지방산이 3%, cyclopropane ($C_{17:0}$ 이 0~10%, hexadecanoic acid ($C_{16:0}$) 가 25-30%, hexadecenoic acid ($C_{16:1}$) 가 32-43%, octadecanoic acid ($C_{18:0}$) 가 1-2%, octadecenoic acid( $C_{18:1}$)가 9~14% 등으로 나타났다. 임상유래균주와 수계에서 분리한 균주의 생화학적 특성 및 항생제 감수성, 지방산 조성은 비슷하였다. 환자에서 분리된 균주가 수계에서 분리한 균주보다 lactose 분해속도가 빨랐고, chloramphenicol 에 대한 내성을 나타내는 균주가 있었지만 수계에서 분리된 균주는 내성을 나타내지 않았다. 지방산 조성에서 임상유래 균주는 $C_{17:0cyclo}$ 0~2%, $C_{18:0}$ 0~2% 였으나, 수계의 균주에서는 각각 2~10%, 1-2%로 양적인 차이를 보였다.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.11-15
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• 2019

Lauraceae is a family medicinal plant whose tubers possesses antimicrobial, and cytotoxic, such as antiparasitic and anti-inflammatory special effects and has been used for the medicine in the cure of hepatitis and rheumatism. The antimicrobial activities of bioactive compounds including one neolignan; kunstlerone (1) and two alkaloids include isocaryachine (2) and noratherosperminine (3) as well as crude hexane, methanol and dichloromethane extracts were evaluated. Additionally, the effect of compounds 1, 2 and 3 were evaluated on A549, PC-3, A375, HT-29 and WRL-68 cell lines. In conclusion, kunstlerone 1 showed moderate cytotoxicity against various cancer cell lines such as A549, PC-3, A375, HT-29 and WRL-68, respectively with $EC_{50}$ values of 28.02, 26.78, 33.78, 33.65 and $16.46{\mu}g/mL$. The crude methanol extract showed antigrowth activity against S. pyogenes II and B. cereus, with MICs of $256{\mu}g/mL$. The compounds kunstlerone (1), isocaryachine (2) and noratherosperminine (3) showed complete inhibition against P. shigelloides, with MIC ${\leq}60{\mu}g/mL$ compare to ampicillin, as a positive control, which showed antigrowth activity against P. shigelloides at MIC $10{\mu}g/mL$.

• 대한수의사회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.33-38
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• 1983

Aeromonas punctata subgroup caviae and Plesiomonas shigelloides were isolated and identified from the lesion of ulcer disease of crusion carp in Ban Wol storing reservoir, the kyungki-do province.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.97-102
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• 2003

Cook-chill 제품의 원료로 사용하는 시금치와 수세한 시금치에 대해 Aeromonas hydrophila, Escherichia coli O157:H7, Plesiomonas shigelloides, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., Yersinia enterocolitica, Bacillus cereus, Campylococcus spp., Clostridium perfringens, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus 등 12종류의 병원성세균의 존재 여부를 확인하였다. 이들 시금치로부터 4종의 병원성세균을 분리하여 API kit와 ATB 자동 동정기를 포함한 형태학적 및 생화학적 방법에 의해 동정하였다. MacConkey agar에서 분리된 균은 그람 음성 간균으로 glucose를 이용하여 gas를 생성하며, lactose 음성, sucrose 양성, lysine 양성으로 ATP system에서 A. hydrophila 종에 대해 99.9%의 상동성을 보였다. Cereus Selective agar에서 분리된 균은 그람 양성 간균, 포자 형성균으로 catalase 양성, mannitol 음성, lecithinase 양성, Simmon's citrate 음성, $NO_2$ 생성 양성, arginine 양성균으로 ATB system에서 B. cereus 종에 대해 99.8%의 상동성을 보였다. Clostridium Perfringens agar에서 분리된 균은 그람 양성 간균, 혐기성균으로 포자를 형성하며, mannitol 양성, lecithinase 양성으로 ATB system에서 C. perfringens 종에 대해 99.9%의 상동성을 보였다. Baird-Parker agar에서 분리된 균주는 그람 양성 구균으로 mannitol, lecithinase, lactose, clumping factor, coagulase 및 hemolysin 양성, xylose 음성으로 ATB system에서 S. aureus 종에 대해 97.8%의 상동성을 보였다. Salmonella spp., E. coli O157:H7, Y. enterocolitica를 포함한 다른 병원성세균은 분리되지 않았다. 시금치에서 분리한 S. aureus 5균주 중 2균주는 SET-RPLA kit에서 enterotoxin type A를 생성하였고 3균주는 enterotoxin을 생성하지 않았다. B. cereus 5균주는 CRET-RPLA kit에서 모두 enterotoxin을 생성하였다.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.6.1-6.10
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• 2018

The intention of this study was to identify the bacterial pathogens infecting Oreochromis niloticus (Nile tilapia) and Clarias gariepinus (African catfish), and to establish the antibiotic susceptibility of fish bacteria in Uganda. A total of 288 fish samples from 40 fish farms (ponds, cages, and tanks) and 8 wild water sites were aseptically collected and bacteria isolated from the head kidney, liver, brain and spleen. The isolates were identified by their morphological characteristics, conventional biochemical tests and Analytical Profile Index test kits. Antibiotic susceptibility of selected bacteria was determined by the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. The following well-known fish pathogens were identified at a farm prevalence of; Aeromonas hydrophila (43.8%), Aeromonas sobria (20.8%), Edwardsiella tarda (8.3%), Flavobacterium spp. (4.2%) and Streptococcus spp. (6.3%). Other bacteria with varying significance as fish pathogens were also identified including Plesiomonas shigelloides (25.0%), Chryseobacterium indoligenes (12.5%), Pseudomonas fluorescens (10.4%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (4.2%), Pseudomonas stutzeri (2.1%), Vibrio cholerae (10.4%), Proteus spp. (6.3%), Citrobacter spp. (4.2%), Klebsiella spp. (4.2%) Serratia marcescens (4.2%), Burkholderia cepacia (2.1%), Comamonas testosteroni (8.3%) and Ralstonia picketti (2.1%). Aeromonas spp., Edwardsiella tarda and Streptococcus spp. were commonly isolated from diseased fish. Aeromonas spp. (n = 82) and Plesiomonas shigelloides (n = 73) were evaluated for antibiotic susceptibility. All isolates tested were susceptible to at-least ten (10) of the fourteen antibiotics evaluated. High levels of resistance were however expressed by all isolates to penicillin, oxacillin and ampicillin. This observed resistance is most probably intrinsic to those bacteria, suggesting minimal levels of acquired antibiotic resistance in fish bacteria from the study area. To our knowledge, this is the first study to establish the occurrence of several bacteria species infecting fish; and to determine antibiotic susceptibility of fish bacteria in Uganda. The current study provides baseline information for future reference and fish disease management in the country.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.927-930
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• 2002

시금치를 한국 식단의 식자재로 사용하기 위해 cook-chill 가공과 sous vide 기술을 사용하였다. 시금치는 500 g 단위로 차단성 필름을 사용하여 진공포장하고 Listeria monocytogenes의 6D 사멸조건에서 저온살균하고 $3^{\circ}C$에서 급속히 냉각한 다음 $3^{\circ}C$와 $10^{\circ}C$에서 저장하면서 품질을 측정하였다. 오염지표균은 중온성세균, 저온성세균, 혐기성세균, 내열성세균, 대장균군, 효모 및 곰팡이, Enterobacteriacea 및 분원성연쇄상구균을 측정하였다. 원료 시금치에서는 $2.2{\times}10^8\;cfu/g$로 높은 분포를 보였고, cook-chill 가공 후에는 $6.0{\times}10^3\;cfu/g$로 감소하였으며 저장기간 동안 서서히 증가하였다. 저온성세균과 혐기성세균은 거의 같은 양상을 보였으며, 효모 및 곰팡이, 대장균군, 분원성연쇄상구균 및 Enterobacteriacea는 cook-chill 가공 후에는 검출되지 않았다. 그람음성의 병원성세균은 Aeromonas hydrophila, Escherichia coli O157:H7, Plesiomonas shigelloides, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., Yersinia enterocolitica, 그람양성균은 Bacillus cereus, Campylococcus spp., Clostridium perfringens, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus을 분리시험하였다. A. hydrophila는 수세한 시금치에서 분리되었으나, 원료 시금치와 cook-chill한 시금치에서는 분리되지 않았다. B. cereus와 C. perfringens는 원료 시금치, 수세한 시금치와 cook-chill 가공한 시금치에서 분리된 반면 S. aureus는 원료 시금치와 수세한 시금치에서만 분리되었다. 그 외의 다른 병원성세균은 cook-chill 과정에서 분리되지 않았다.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.312-319
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• 2003

In an attempt to develop a method for rapid and accurate identification of six Vibrio species that are clinically important and most frequently detected in Korea, 16S rDNA restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) of Vibrio type strains, as well as environmental isolates obtained from the Korean coastal area, was analyzed using ten restriction endonucleases. Digestion of the 16S rDNA fragments amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with the enzymes gave rise to 2~6 restriction patterns for each digestion for 47 Vibrio strains and isolates. An additional 2~3 restriction patterns were observed for five reference species, including Escherichia coli, Aeromonas hydrophila, A. salmonicida, Photobacterium phosphoreum, and Plesiomonas shigelloides. A genetic distance tree based on RFLP of the bacterial species correlated well with that based on 16S rDNA sequences. The very small 16S rDNA sequence difference (0.1%) between V. alginolyticus and V. parahaemolyticus was resolved clearly by RFLP with a genetic distance of more than 2%. RFLP variation within a species was also detected in the cases of V. parahaemolyticus, V. proteolyticus, and V. vulnificus. According to the RFLP analysis, six Vibrio and five reference species were assigned to 12 genotypes. Using three restriction endonucleases to analyze RFLP proved sufficient to identify the six pathogenic Vibrio species.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.1341-1345
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• 2016

Gallic acid was isolated from Caesalpinia mimosoides Lamk and the structure s identified based on spectroscopic analysis and comparison with authentic compound. In this study we compared the ability of natural gallic acid (nGA) and commercial gallic acid (cGA) to inhibit the proliferation of cholangiocarcinoma cell lines (M213, M214) and foodborne pathogenic bacteria (Salmonella spp. and Plesiomonas shigelloides). Both nGA and cGA had the same inhibitory effects on cell proliferation by inducing apoptosis of cholangiocarcinoma cell lines. In addition, nGA inhibited growth of foodborne pathogenic bacteria in the same manner as cGA. Our results suggest that nGA from Caesalpinia mimosoides Lamk is a potential anticancer and antibacterial compound. However, in vivo studies are needed to elucidate the specific mechanisms involved.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.176-182
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• 2022

Background: The risk of imported infectious diseases has been increasing with the annual rise in the number of international travelers. Objectives: This study aims to analyze the distribution and characteristics of intestinal bacteria isolated in 2019 from residents of Chungcheongnam-do Province with experience of travelling overseas. Methods: Twenty-three former overseas travelers with diarrhea were analyzed to detect viruses and bacteria according to the Manual for Detection of Foodborne Pathogens at Outbreaks. Additionally, antibiotic susceptibility tests and 16s rRNA sequencing were performed. Results: Twenty-five strains of ten pathogens were isolated from 18 samples. Pathogenic E. coli was the most common at 57.7%, followed by Clostridium perfringens (15.4%), Campylobacter spp. (7.7%), and Salmonella spp. (7.7%). The serotype of Salmonella was confirmed as Salmonella Braenderup, II 9,46:g,[m],[s],t:[e,n,x]. Conclusions: It was confirmed that the major enteric bacterial pathogens isolated from overseas travelers in Chungcheongnam-do Province were pathogenic E. coli, as found in other studies. The study on Plesiomonas shigelloides is meaningful in that it is reported as a rare case of infection in Korea. Antibiotic resistance and 16s rRNA analysis were performed, which is expected to provide important basic data for the prevention of traveler's diarrhea.